Urban finance is one of the most basic urban development policies. This article investigated Tehran Municipality to provide financial sources of income and provide the cooperative financial model. For this purpose, a mixed method was adopted with the priority of the qualitative stage over the quantitative stage. In the qualitative approach, the proficient subject experts were interviewed to meet the objectives of the research until the theoretical adequacy was achieved. Then, the Delphi method was used to confirm or modify the indicators identified from the qualitative content analysis of the interviews. Thus, the pattern of providing financial resources was extracted from the data of the qualitative phase. After that, the questionnaire was given to 300 financial employees of Tehran Municipality to weigh the indicators identified from the qualitative phase. The data were analyzed using SPSS 22 and (LISREL) 8.5 software and the confirmatory factor analysis technique to determine the variables' weight. The findings showed that seven dimensions of justice, transparency, local independence, thrift, income adequacy, sustainability and practicality, and non-shifting of the tax base were extracted in the financing model. The indicators of these dimensions include charges on official documents, charges on added value, charges on buildings and lands, charges on communications and transportation, charges on professional business licenses, charges on parking, charges on centralized collection, charges on property (Real estate), and income from municipal services. Obtaining these results showed that we can achieve a comprehensive theoretical and applied model in this field only when we pay attention to identifying its definitions, concepts, dimensions and components based on the conditions governing the economic environment of the country and Tehran municipality because the financing issue is multifaceted and complex in the municipality.

The current study has presented the organizational identity model of the Cultural Heritage, Tourism, and Handicrafts Organization of Tehran Province. This is a mixed-method (combination of qualitative and quantitative methods) and applied type of research. In the first stage, the qualitative approach was used. The statistical population in the qualitative part includes the faculty members of the Cultural Management Department and executive experts of the Cultural Heritage, Tourism, and Handicrafts Organization of Tehran Province. In addition, 20 scientific and academic experts in culture and politics were also used. The research materials included researcher-made coding sheets, whose validity was confirmed by the members of the Delphi group, and reliability was calculated with the P-Scott criterion as 0.95. The statistical population in the second stage of the research study are the employees of cultural organizations and institutions, which are about 250 people. Based on Cochran's formula, the sample size was estimated to be 160 people. After collecting the data, the data were analyzed at two descriptive levels using statistical indicators (like frequency, percentage, and average); the inferential level of confirmatory factor analysis was run using Spss 22, (LISREL) 8.54, and Excel. The results indicated that the factors related to the organizational identity model of the Organization of Cultural Heritage, Tourism and Handicrafts of Tehran Province were placed in the form of 13 categories and five dimensions of critical factors (organizational identity of employees), causal conditions, contextual conditions, intervening conditions, strategies, and consequences. Besides, it showed that among the dimensions of the organizational identity model of the Organization of Cultural Heritage, Tourism and Handicrafts of Tehran Province, the dimension of causal conditions with an average of (0.90) has the most significant impact and the dimension of consequences with an average of (0.53) has the most negligible impact on the organizational identity of the Organization of Cultural Heritage, tourism and handicrafts of Tehran province.

Background & Aims: Organizational culture and knowledge management affect all aspects of an organization. Thus, in this study, we aimed to investigate the impact of the components of Collaboration culture on knowledge creation in hospitals affiliated with Qom University of Medical Sciences in 2017. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional-analytical research was conducted on 570 employees of the hospitals affiliated with Qom University of Medical Sciences. The research tool was a researcher-made questionnaire with a five-point Likert scale. The validity of the questionnaire was confirmed through content validity and convergent validity, and its reliability was assessed by Cronbach’s alpha method and composite reliability. The data were analyzed using SPSS 20 and (LISREL) 8.8 software employing exploratory factor analysis, confirmatory factor analysis, and structural equation modeling. Results: The means and standard deviations of Collaboration culture and knowledge creation were 3.071 ± 1.301 and 3.28 ± 1.11, respectively; their Cronbach’s alpha coefficients were 0.972 and 0.944; their composite reliability indices were obtained as 0.782 and 0.847, and the convergent validities of these domains were as 0.810 and 0.852, respectively. Exploratory factor analysis classified the constructs into the two sections of learning culture and knowledge creation, which were confirmed by fit indices. Conclusion: The results showed that the Collaboration culture component has a positive and meaningful relationship with the knowledge creation component. Therefore, hospital managers should notice the benefits of providing the necessary infrastructure for the implementation of knowledge management and holding workshops for employees to educate them on the fundamentals of cooperation culture and knowledge creation.

BACKGROUND: Self-esteem is one of the factors affecting the quality of life. On the other hand, quality of life decreases in people with psychiatric disorders. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the mediating role of self-esteem and hope on the relationship between unmet needs and quality of life of the elderly with psychiatric disorders. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This descriptive–analytical study was performed on 112 chronic psychiatric patients hospitalized in the geriatric ward of (blinded) 2020. Based on the inclusion criteria, a total of 100 samples were entered into the study by census. The World Health Organization (WHO) quality of life questionnaire, Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale, Snyder Hope Scale, and Camberwell Assessment of Need Short Appraisal Schedule (CANSAS) were used to collect data. The research model was tested using the path analysis technique. Data was analyzed using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) Ver. 26 and (LISREL) Ver. 2/9. RESULTS: Unmet needs were negatively related to the other three variables of the study, namely, self-esteem, hope, and quality of life. There was a significant relationship between unmet needs and quality of life with a mediating role of self-esteem and hope (P < 0. 05). Quality of life was also negatively related to unmet needs and directly related to self-esteem and hope. CONCLUSION: Based on the findings of this study, it is essential that health-care providers consider planning to provide programs to improve self-esteem and hope in order to reduce unmet needs and increase the quality of life.

Background: The association between perceived stress and somatization symptoms is significant. Self-compassion is a valuable coping resource for dealing with negative life situations. We examined the relationship between perceived stress and somatic symptoms with the mediating role of self-compassion in medical students of Guilan University of Medical Sciences. Methods: This study was a descriptive correlational study, based on structural equation modeling (SEM) on the medical students of Guilan University of Medical Science in the academic year 2022-2023. Demographic questionnaires, Perceived Stress Scale, Somatic Symptom Scale-8, and Self-Compassion Scale were used. Independent t-test, analysis of variance (ANOVA), Tukey’s test, Pearson correlation, Mann-Whitney test, and Kruskal–Wallis test were used for analysis by SEM in (LISREL) and SPSS software. Results: Participants were 200 students with a mean±SD age of 23. 46±2. 06 years. The mean scores of perceived stress, somatic symptoms, and self-compassion in the sample were 29. 90±8. 52, 10. 59±4. 94, and 3±0. 63, respectively. There was a significant positive association between perceived stress and somatic symptoms (r=0. 299, P<0. 001) and a negative association between somatic symptoms and self-compassion (r=-0. 490, P<0. 001), but no relationship between perceived stress and self-compassion (r=-0. 124, P=0. 081). The mediating role of self-compassion was confirmed by none of the modified models. Conclusion: Although increased perceived stress was related to increased somatic symptoms, and increased somatic symptoms were related to decreased self-compassion, self-compassion did not mediate the relationship between perceived stress and somatic symptoms.

Background: Regular exercise has been shown to have a positive impact on both physical and mental health. There is growing evidence to suggest that exercise can improve mood, reduce symptoms of anxiety and depression, and increase overall well-being. Aim: This study aimed to investigate the role of ethical values and coaching styles in adherence to sports in group and individual athletes. Materials and Methods: The statistical population of the present study included 350 athletes in group and individual disciplines in Mashhad, 296 of them were randomly selected as a statistical sample. Descriptive and inferential statistics were used for statistical analysis in the present study, which was done using SPSS 23 (Chicago) and (LISREL) 8. 80 software. Results: The results of the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test showed that the research data have a normal distribution. The analysis results showed a significant relationship between coaching style and its components with adherence to sport and between ethical values and its components with adherence to the sport. Also, the regression analysis results showed that ethical values and their components and coaching styles and their components have the ability to predict adherence to the sport. Conclusion: Finally, it was found that the structural equation model of the relationship between ethical values and adherence to sport and coaching styles and adherence to the sport has a significant fit. According to the results of the research, it can be said that coaches and those involved in sports can, by properly explaining and presenting ethical values, as well as the correct use and application of coaching styles, encourage people in the community at all levels and especially athletes to adhere to physical activity and exercise.