Aim: Given the growing desire of people to obtain health information through the Internet, examining the web search process will provide valuable information to health professionals and policymakers. Analyzing the search terms of Google users can show their interests and tendencies. The present study studies the global trends in stem cell therapy in the last 5 years using Google trends. In this research, the global search trends, the geographical distribution of search, the preferred search terms of users that can express the treatment preferences of treatment applicants, and the importance of treatment cost for potential treatment applicants have been considered. Methodology: This is an applied and analytical study and data were collected and analyzed using Google trends. Google trends is one of the services of the Google company through which the needs and behaviors of Google users can be analyzed. The results are from July 19, 2015, to July 12, 2020. Findings: The findings indicated that the search for "Stem cell therapy" has been an increasing trend in the period under review. Most searches were in the US, Singapore, and the Philippines. Also, the Asian countries of Bangladesh, Pakistan, India, Qatar, Malaysia, Kuwait, South Korea, and Hong Kong, the countries of Canada, New Zealand, England, and Ireland, and the African countries of Nigeria, Kenya, and South Africa are also among the 20 countries with the highest search volume index in the field of Stem cell therapy. Iran was ranked 25th in terms of the search volume index. Stem cell therapy for knee pain, pain, autism, arthritis, Mesenchymal stem cell therapy, and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease has attracted the attention of Google users. The results also indicate the importance of treatment costs for stem cell therapy in different countries. The most relevant searches in the field of treatment costs were conducted in the United States, Australia, India, Canada, and the United Kingdom. Conclusion: Google trends is an effective tool for investigating the process of Google users searching for stem cell therapy. The data provided can be used to identify countries in which treatment is sought, treatment priorities, and treatment demand. Accordingly, appropriate policies can be adopted to attract stem cell tourists. In this regard, information specialists can use the Google trends tool to extract user search data in various fields related to health and provide it to health experts and policymakers for future planning.

There have been a lot of typologies on Islamic trends. Most of them were from the part of western writers who tried to connect Islamic thoughts to the westerly right and left factions and because of that they couldn’t properly distinguished Islamic trends from western attitudes. They have used labels and titles that are alien to Islamic attitude. Abdullah Saeed and Tariq Ramadan, two Muslim writers, used a different way to express the variety of Islamic religiosities and have tried to provide a precise definition of the Islamic attitude by correcting the deficiencies of western typologies. Through expressing typology of these two writers and by providing examples, instances and necessary reasons as well as comparing these two typologies, this paper intends to criticize them.The method of this article is a comparative one. Based on the criteria and characteristics of a successful and useful typology, the typologies of Abdullah Saeed and Tariq Ramadan were compared to show their mistakes, shortcomings and wrong generalizations. Not matching of the most typologies instances with existing realities of Islamic countries, often confuse the audiences, while Saeed and Ramadan, in their typologies, have abandoned these factions or have acceptably distinguished them from the Islamic religiosities.

The problem of increasing resistance to antimicrobial agents is of concern to the medical community and to public health. Just 60 years after the commercial release of penicillin, increasing rate of antimicrobial resistance among bacteria have reduced the usefulness of an array of antimicrobial agents (1)....

Many malignancies of the human body can cause cholestasis, which are mainly due to the hepatic metastasis, obstruction of the bile duct or could be due to a paraneoplastic phenomenon (1). Renal cell carcinoma is associated with a wide range of paraneoplastic syndromes (1). Such a paraneoplastic phenomenon causing deranged liver function tests in a patient diagnosed with renal cell carcinoma is called Stauffer syndrome (2), first described in 1961 by Stauffer himself (1). ...