Forest fire in recent years has paid great attention to climate change and ecosystems. Remote sensing is a quick and inexpensive way to detect and monitor forest fires on a large scale. The purpose of this study was to identify forest and rangeland fire hazards using NOAA / AVHRR in Kayamaki wildlife Refuge. For the purpose of this study, the history of the fire-burns occurred in MODIS products. Then, the sensor images were prepared based on the date of fire burning. After preprocessing the images, Giglio and IGBP developed algorithms that detected fire. The results of fire detection detection algorithms were evaluated with MODIS products. The results showed that fire detection using the IGBP algorithm is better than the developed algorithms and Giglia. In this way, the IGBP algorithm with the detected fire number of 6 pixels from the 7-pixel fire detection detected by the MODIS product, the Giglio algorithm with the detected fire number is 5 pixels from the 7-pixel fire detection detected by The MODIS and extended algorithm detected the detected fire detected firefight number of 3 pixels from the 7 pixels of fire detection detected by MODIS products. Also IGBP algorithm with error rate of 14% and with fire detection number of 86%, Giglio algorithm with error rate of 28% and number of fire detected 72%, and developed algorithm with 57% error rate and detected fire number 43%.

Dezful County is located in the northern part of Khuzestan province and it is renowned for its natural attractions and its peculiar social history (anthropology). This region embraces a wide variety of plant and animal species such as Persian fallow deer, turtles Euphrates, the Persian leopard, and different kinds of native and emigrant birds so it can be considered as a habitat of various plants and animals. Present study was an attempt for tourism planning in Dezful wildlife for pin pointing the most important animal species for attracting ecotourism, identifying the most important activities in the field of wildlife, and offering some solutions for economical exploitation in line with sustainable development. Research statistical population included 200 tourism experts and local eco-tourists. Data was gathered through researcher constructed questionnaire, validity of which was approved by a group of experts and its reliability was approved by Chi-square test. Data was analyzed by applying descriptive and inferential statistics ( Chi-square distribution). It was found out that there is a significant relationship between the region’ s wildlife and developing the culture of introducing attractions and attracting tourist. Bird-watching and fishing are the main potentials of this region and appropriate scientific planning can be money-making for inhabitants in line with sustainable development. Besides, the existence of the unique Iranian endemic species ( Neurergus kaiseri) can add to the attractions of this region at world level.

Study of floristic composition of vegetation is crucial for biodiversity and conservation management by providing habitats for wildlife and contributing to the ecologically sustainable management of natural resources. Miankaleh peninsula considered of high conservation value owing to its floral and faunal characteristics. A study was carried out in Miankaleh, in 2002, to determine floristic composition and available vegetation types carrying a central importance in foods and shelter habits of the wildlife. Therefore, the total 70 quadrats of the size 100 and 25 sq.m., based on defining minimal area, were located in the area and each predefined homogenous unit was received 10 quadrats. Plant species and their abundance and dominance were recorded. Seven vegetation types viz. Plantago indica-Carex nutanse, Pure Punica, Punica-Rubus, Punica-Juncus, Juncus-Rubus, Pure Juncus and Frankenia hirsuta-Plantago coronopus were recognized in the area. Vegetation profile of each type was also depicted. In Plantago indica-Carex nutanse (Psamophyte) vegetation type, a strip planted by alder species (Alnus subcordata) could supports as a nest for Falco subbuteo. Pure Punica (Pomegranate) vegetation type that occupied most of the central part of the peninsula has been covered mostly by Punica granatum. It is a good habitat for black francolin cocks (Francolinus francolinus), Isabel shrike (Lanius isabellinus), robins (Erithacus rubecula), Phasianus colchicus, Otis tarda, Chlamydotis undulate, Coturnix coturnix and Scolopax rusticola. Some plant species are important elements of the food chain in Miankaleh.

wildlife sancturies (W.S.) according to IUCN classification need less conservation, but more development plan.Lavandville W.S. (less than 1000 ha, NW of Iran) is located near Caspian Sea and is important as habitats for waterfowl and other birds. Physical resources (sands and oyster shells) of L.W.S. are exploited by local people. The area also provides outdoor recreational apportunities for the people.By system analysis approach environmental resources of L.W.S was surveyed, analysed integrated and mapped, environmental capabilities of the area were evaluated for zoning purposes. Accordingly, 2.68% of L.W.S is suitable for zone 1 (restricted nature reserve), 57.63% for zone 2 (conservation zone) 35,93% for extensive use (zone 3), 0/55% for intensive use (zone 4), 1.63% for zone 5 (rehabilitation zone), and finally, 1.58% is suitable as buffer zone (zone 8). The development plan of L.S.W, according to zoning would protect its resources and ease the management.

Dodangeh and Chardangeh wildlife refuge(16200 ha) is a mountainous area in 95 KM. SE Sari (36˚ 4" - 10" N, 53˚ 20" - 40" E). The ecological characteristics of the area is diverse. The climate of the area in the altitude 800-2000 meter is cold and wet, and in 2000-2800 meter is cold and semi-arid, according to Emberger climagram. The vegetation of the area has been studied according to the Fery & Probst vegetation classification and land use Atlas of Mazindaran Province (1:250000), and field observations in the scale of 1:50000. Five plant formations including closed forest (closed-deciduous montane forest), wood land (cold-deciduous broad-leaved montane wood land and evergreen needle-leaved wood land resistant to cold), shrub land (cold-deciduous scrub without evergreen, cold deciduous open xenomorphic scrub and evergreen needle leaved scrub), open thorn-cushing formation and grassland have been recognized. The characteristic species, altitude distribution range and picture for each formation have been presented.

Ghameshloo wildlife Refuge, that has been protected since 1975, is situated in 45 km. northwest of Esfahan (in central Iran). This area is one of the important habitat for Esfahan wild sheep race (Ovis orientalis Gmelin subsp. isphahanica Nasonov). The area covers a surface of ca 50,000 hectars with an elevation ranges between 1800 meter to 2654 meter above sea level. The climate of the area is generally cold and dry in winter and hot and dry in summer. In present work, for the first time, the floristic compositions of the area has studied. The results showed that 497 species belonging to 266 genera and 57 families of vascular plants are grown in this area, among which, the family Asteraceae with 80 species and the genus Astragalus with 37 species are known as the largest family and the largest genus respectively. Furthermore, the plant life form spectrum snowed that these plants consists of 52% hemicryptophytes, 26% therophytes, 11% chamaeophytes, 9% geophytes, and 2% nanophanerophytes. The dominance of hemicryptophytes indicates the harsh and difficult environmental conditions in this area.