This article, first reviews the changes occurred and are occurring as the result of the introduction and extension of the internet into the new written media worldwide and also in Iran. After that we concentrate on the effects of this process on newspaper industry in Iran, in particular. Then we look into the new circumstances which newspapers encountered with, and that how newspapers managed the situation. The study consists of investigation on 1)the changing relation between news production, news consumption and advertisement,2)opening up the newspapers content packages, 3)changes regarding the periodically managed newspapers and the question of standardized newspaper contents,and 4) the continuation of the authority of the printed media as the reference in the newspaper industry. The article shows that despite the structural problems which newspapers face, and the quick internet penetration into the newspaper industry, the printed newspaper has been able to keep its authority in the new news industry. The study, based on user traffic and newspaper circulation statistics, shows that the online news industry with opening up the newspaper content packages absorbed newspapers advertisement revenues and forced them to enter a new era of tough circumstances. Structural problems and lack of legal transparency for using new media technologies along with their dependence on government subsidies and the excessive politicization doubled the difficulties. This situation undermined independent journalism and its influence on social life. This may push the political actions to more informal and even underground sphere.

Critical satirical Hasharatolarz newspaper was published in Tabriz by Mirza Agha Blouri in the years of 1326-1329 (1908-1911) During the Minor tyranny, this magazine was the only newspaper published cartoons. More contents of it were satirical poem, told by Ghaffar Wakil (A crazy wanderer). Its cartoons were drawn by Hosseinzadeh Behzad. More cartoons concept was in criticizing the anti-constitutional king, and abuse of state governors from offices and their corruption. The Message of plans was generally in order to spread awareness among people to understand their rights and responsibilities of Qajar rulers. For the first time, by the language and Character of animals, social and political processes in Azerbaijan and Iran were revealed. As a result, this magazine supported constitutionalism and rule of law and justice. We used in this article from the main sources on Iran's press, content of Hasharatolarz newspaper, and is written by content analysis.

The Naseri period can be considered as one of the most important periods in the contemporary history of Iran. The competition and the extensive influence of Russia and England had led to the dissatisfaction of sections of the society. In such a situation, from time to time a reaction was made by the Iranian reformers in order to reform and change the existing situation. The establishment and start of Akhtar newspaper contributed to such a goal. Akhtar was the first international newspaper that was published in Istanbul for 23 years in a modern style. The articles and contents of this newspaper were effective in promoting and publishing reformist ideas. One of the most important components that Akhtar emphasized was the change in the education system. From the point of view of Akhtar administrators, reforming the education system could help improve the quality of human resources and provide the basis for reforms in Iran. This research aims to analyze the educational system of Iran during the Nasrid era by descriptive-analytical method and based on the contents of Akhtar newspaper and analyze the model of reforming the Iranian education system based on the contents of this newspaper.

Deinking is important and detrimental for newspaper recycling and utilization. Since chemicals applied in deinking influences the removal of ink attached to fibers, the influence of two chemicals is investigated. Keyhan newspaper was deinked by oxidative deinking and bleaching process using three levels (1, 2, 3% based on oven dry weight of the paper) of sodium hydroxide and three levels (1, 2, 3% based on oven dry weight of the paper) of hydrogen peroxide. Optical properties of deinked pulp including brightness, yellowness and opacity of handsheets were measured. Results show that applying 2% NaOH and 2% H2O2 produces the highest brightness of deinked pulp at 61% ISO. Higher application of NaOH increases the yellowness of the deinked pulp. The highest yellowness was obtained at the highest dosage of NaOH and the lowest dosage of H2O2. However the opacity of the pulp produced from undeinked pulp was superior to deinked pulps.

In this study, deinking of old newspaper by chemical and enzymatic methods was investigated. Chemical treatment was conducted using chemicals at different times of 10, 20 and 30 minutes, consistency of 10%, temperature of 50±1oC along with washing, flotation and combination of washing/flotation. While, enzymatic treatment was accomplished at different concentrations of 0.025, 0.05, 0.1 and 0.2% of cellulase enzyme (on the basis of oven dried waste paper), pH range of 5-5.5, different times of 10, 15 and 20 minutes, consistency of 10%, temperature of 50±1oC along with washing. The results of comparing optimal chemical and enzymatic treatments showed that, deinked pulp by chemical method provided higher brightness and yellowness. Also, deinked pulp by chemical method had provided papers with higher bulk, higher caliper as well as higher air resistance.

The discrimination against women in language is one of the most discussed topics in societies and academic centers in Spanish speaking countries. The reason for this debate is the development of the Spanish culture and language. With the increasing social role of women in Spanish speaking countries, changes have taken place in the development of this language that require further reflection. Women's rights activists believe that women have been ignored in Spanish. The goal of this study is to investigate sexism in Spanish language and its possible causes. For this, we will study how the grammatical gender of the names of women's jobs is used in the electronic newspapers in Spanish as a statistical population. In some job nous, the use of the masculine nouns is preferred to refer to the feminine gender. The present study examines the causes of this cultural phenomenon that has caused women to be ignored in the current language. In order to do this, an investigation has been carried out through experimental methodology, and based on data from electronic newspapers from three Spanish speaking countries in Argentina, Mexico and Spain, examines the subject of gender discrimination in grammar and the newspapers. The results of this study allow us to know the reality of the contradictory use of the masculine noun to refer to the name of feminine jobs in these three countries, also, it will familiarize Spanish students and translators with the importance of grammatical gender in the today's Spanish language.

Habl al-Matin was an important newspaper, published in Calcutta (India) and distributed in India, as well as Iran, Egypt, China, Iraq, and Caucasus, under the supervision of Mu’ayyed al-Islam Kashani.It was a weekly paper published in several languages. Under Muhammad Ali Shah, there were some serious hindrances to the distribution of this newspaper in Iran. To cope with this problem, Mu’ayyed al-Islam, with the help of his brother, Seyyed Hassan Kashani, launched a new branch for it in Tehran. Its first issue was published in 15 Rabi al-Avval, 1325 AH.

The idea of progress is one of the most significant affairs that has obsessed the mind of many thinkers during modern Irans History. The chief purpose of this research is to find out the perception of Tarbiat newspaper theorists and assistants of idea of progress and according to this perception, there is a guestion posed,what attribution is among progress thought, Iran reformation and the historic traditions of Iran? This research is based on historical method and information analysis approach to answer the rised guestions with the exact refrence to the printed articles of Tarbiat news paper. According to the findings of this research, . the vital aspect of progress thought for Iranians was practical aspect of progress that was illustrated as the progressive discourse, Iran reformation and its most important feature was science for Iranians, because the development of progress had been dependent on the improvement of sciences in Iran. Tarbiyat is considered as the first free and private newspaper in the history of Iran. Not only the assistants of Tarbiyat newspaper knew deeply about philosophical essence of progress thought and New western civilization, but also they were aware of the shortcomings, problems and blocks that caused retardation of Iran and they tried to present the practiciable solutions to prevent from decadance. In the view of this group, modern western civilization includes positive aspects which are not in contrast to the historic traditions of Iran and Iranians could arrive the civilization convoy by gaining these aspects. Tarbiyat newspaper in its nine years of publication was playing the essential role in the improvement of the idea of progress, Iran reformation and making relationship between new civilization and historic traditions.

The present article aims to examine the discourse of the Shokufeh newspaper as the second women's experience in the field of journalism, emphasizing the elevation of women's status in the post-Constitutional Revolution period, and the issue of education as a tool for entering the social arena. Women had already shown active participation in the pre-Constitutional era, particularly in the Tobacco Protest and the establishment of the National Bank. Therefore, the main research question of the present study is based on what ideal and demand the writers of the Shokufeh newspaper chose as their main discourse, considering the changes in the social living conditions of women in the post-Constitutional period. Additionally, within the framework of their society, what causes and factors did they consider as obstacles to their flourishing status and as deterrents? Based on the examination of the remaining issues of the Shokufeh newspaper, employing the content analysis method, the hypothesis of the present article is formulated that the Shokufeh newspaper, like most women's newspapers of this period, advocates for women's entry into the social arena within the religious discourse of Islam and does not tend towards creating religious opposition. The findings of the research indicate that the writers of this newspaper, by repeating equality, freedom, social rights equality, and women's entry into the social arena, highlighted these themes in society while considering a portion of women and the patriarchal or customary society as the main obstacles to achieving these goals.

Mohammad Taqi Bahar (Malek o-Sho’ara), journalist, scholar, literary figure, and politician, is a prominent figure in the contemporary history of Iran. By publishing Nobahar newspaper he managed to have a significant impact on the social and political movements of his time. This research conducts a discourse analysis study on his editorials during the tripartite eras of the publication of Nobahar (Iranian Constitutional Revolution, Reza Shah’s reign, and the aftermaths of the Anglo-Soviet invasion of Iran). According to the findings of this study the two main discourses present in his articles are “Iranian nationalism” and “political modernization”. Furthermore, the results show that the discourse of “Iranian nationalism” is marked by components such as historical glory, independence, and hatred and aversion towards aliens, and the discourse of “political modernization” is identified through an interest in the components of Western civilization, modernity, intellectual revolution and reforming the power structure.