BACKGROUND: DIABETES MELLITUS IS A COMMON METABOLIC DISORDER RESULTING FROM ABSOLUTE OR RELATIVE INSULIN DEFICIENCY. INSULIN DEFICIENCY IN TURN CAUSES DECREASED TISSUE UTILIZATION OF GLUCOSE, AMINO ACIDS AND FATTY ACIDS; ACCELERATED HEPATIC GLYCOGENOLYSIS AND GLUCONEOGENESIS; AND ACCUMULATION OF GLUCOSE IN THE CIRCULATION, RESULTING HYPERGLYCEMIA. DYSREGULATION OF CORTISOL (corticosterone IN RODENTS) SECRETION IN DIABETIC PATIENTS HAVE BEEN ALREADY DESCRIBED…

INTRODUCTION: MEMORY RECONSOLIDATION IS THE PROCESS OF PREVIOUSLY CONSOLIDATED MEMORIES BEING RECALLED AND ACTIVELY CONSOLIDATED. ALTHOUGH A FEW RECENT STUDIES INDICATED THE EFFECTS OF GLUCOCORTICOIDS ON FEAR MEMORY RECONSOLIDATION AND RECENTLY STUDIES INDICATED THAT GLUCOCORTICOIDS HAVE IMPAIRING EFFECTS ON MEMORY RECONSOLIDATION, BUT THE UNDERLYING MECHANISMS ARE NOT CLEAR. …

Introduction: This study was conducted to determine effects of elevated blood corticosterone on some physiological parameters and performance of broiler chickens.Methods: Total 200 one-day old chicks of the COBB 500 strain from male sex were placed in 10 pens (20 birds per pen) and divided two groups (control and experimental groups). On the basis of animal welfare principles and to avoid treatment of birds with different nutritional and environmental stress, corticosterone as stress-related hormone was provided in drinking water and given ad libitum from 1 to 49 d old.Results: Comparison of two groups had showed that corticosterone administration reduced final body weight, feed intake and abdominal fat deposition (p<0.05), whereas had no significant effect on feed conversion ratio. The weight of selected organs, including liver, gizzard, proventriculus and heart that presented as a percentage of live weigh had no significant difference between two groups. Serum concentrations of glucose, cholesterol, triglycerides, HDL and LDL and mortality to cause of metabolically syndromes such as Ascites and Sudden Death had showed significant elevation in corticosterone administration group (p<0.01).Conclusion: corticosterone is an alternative tool for assess the effects of stress in researches on broiler chickens.

Introduction: Previous studies have indicated that glucocorticoids enhance memory consolidation, but their effects on memory reconsolidation are not clear. In this study, we studied the effects of corticosterone on memory reconsolidation in mice.Material and Methods: 40 mice were trained in a passive avoidance task. For memory reactivation, mice were returned to the chamber 48 h later. Immediately after reactivation, mice were injected with corticosterone (0.3, 1 or 3 mg/kg) or vehicle. Two, five, seven and nine days after memory reactivation, rats were returned to the context for 10 min, and step-through latency was recorded.Result: the result showed that corticosterone at dose of 3 mg/kg impairs memory reconsolidation. Further, the results showed that corticotserone deficit was not reversed by a reminder shock.Conclusion: These findings indicate that post-reactivation administration of glucocorticoids impair memory reconsolidation.

INTRODUCTION: MEMORY RETRIEVAL IS RECALL OF PREVIOUSLY CONSOLIDATED INFORMATION AND MEMORY EXTINCTION IS THE PROCESS OF PREVIOUSLY CONSOLIDATED MEMORIES BEING FORGOTTEN AFTER RECALLED AND ACTIVELY CONSOLIDATED. ALTHOUGH A FEW RECENT STUDIES HAVE REPORTED THE EFFECTS OF GLUCOCORTICOIDS ON FEAR MEMORY RETRIEVAL AND EXTINCTION, BUT THE EXISTING DATA ARE STILL CONTROVERSIAL. …

INTRODUCTION: DRUG ADDICTION SHOULD BE CONSIDERED A COMPLEX DISEASE OF THE CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM, CHARACTERIZED BY COMPULSIVE, UNCONTROLLED CRAVING FOR A DRUG, AND STRESS HAS AN IMPORTANT ROLE IN DRUG ADDICTION AND RELAPSE. …