PROPOSE: HUMAN CYTOMEGALOVIRUS (Hcmv) IS A DNA VIRUS, APPROXIMATELY 200NM IN DIAMETER, BELONGING TO THE HERPES VIRUS FAMILY. THE IMMUNOCOPROMISED PATIENTS INCLUDING ORGAN TRANSPLANTATION RECIPIENTS, PATIENTS WITH AIDS, PATIENTS UNDER IMMUNOSUPPRESSIVE THERAPY AND IN THE DEVELOPING FETUS MAY RESULT IN EITHER LOCALIZED OR DISSEMINATED DISEASE. PATIENTS ARE AT RISK OF BOTH PRIMARY cmv INFECTION AND REACTIVATION OF LATENT INFECTION. cmv CAN BE TRANSMITTED THROUGH BLOOD AND ORGAN TRANSPLANTATION. METHODS & MATERIALS: IN THIS STUDY 62 RECIPIENT OF KIDNEY TRANSPLANT, 26 FEMALE (%41.9) AND 36 MALE (%58.1) BETWEEN 2-58 YEARS OLD (MEAN 34 _+15) WERE SELECTED. cmv ANTIBODIES WERE TESTED BY ELISA TECHNIQUE. cmv ANTIGEN WAS EVALUATED BY INDIRECT IMMUNOFLUORESCENCE (IF) TECHNIQUE. RESULTS: ALL OF PATIENTS (%100) WERE ANTI-cmv IGG POSITIVE, 10 PATIENTS (%16.1) WERE ANTI-cmv IGM POSITIVE AND 7 PATIENTS (%11.4) WERE BORDERLINE.23 PERSON (%37.1) OF RECIPIENTS WERE cmv AG POSITIVE. STATISTICAL ANALYSIS SHOWED ANY RELATION BETWEEN cmv ABS AND cmv AG. DISCUSSION & CONCLUSION: THERE IS NOT A GOOD CORRELATION BETWEEN ANTIBODIES AGAINST CYTOMEGALOVIRUS AND THE DETECTION OF ITS ANTIGEN IN PATIENTS WITH ACUTE INFECTIONS.