The recovery of the soil of skidtrails and the establishment of natural regeneration in them play a significant role in the sustainability of the forest. To conduct this research in the west of Giulan province (Shanderman area), three skid trails with 10 years of age and slope classes: 0-10, 10-20 and 20-30% were selected. A total of 30 microplots (2x2 m2) were determined on skidtrails and adjacent areas (control area), and in them, the type of species and the frequency of regeneration were recorded 100%. In the soil sample taken from a depth of 0-20 cm, Bulk Density and Particle Density and %Porosity were measured. The results showed that there is a significant difference between skidtrails and the control area in terms of bulk density, percentage of soil porosity and species regeneration (p<0.05). The frequency of regeneration of the Acer velutinum species in the skidtrails was significantly higher than in the control area, and the frequency of the regeneration of the Carpinus betulus and Acer capadosicum species in the control area was significantly higher than that of the skidtrails. However, no significant difference was observed between these two places in terms of the regeneration of Fagus orientalis and Alnus subcordata species. There was no significant difference between the three slope classes investigated in terms of regeneration and bulk density, the percentage of soil porosity of skidtrails with two slope classes of 0-10 and 20-30% did not have significant differences (p>0.05). The result is that the time period of 10 years is not enough to recover the physical properties of the soil and establish the regeneration of the skidtrails in this area, and the slope of less than 30% does not have a significant effect on the recovery of the soil and the regeneration of the skidtrails.

Plasmapheresis, which is defined as the removal of plasma, can be either "adjusted plasma" or "exchange of plasma". The former is defined as selective withdrawal of certain (un)-pathologicalplasma components in different ways such as perfusion and then returning the remained donor plasma to him, the latter is non-selective removal of all components of plasma to provide blood products for injection into patients or to be used as the input of blood transfusion refinery or to remove the pathogen contained plasma before compensating for the volume losses with an equal volume of plasma or more commonly, replacing plasma with a substitute fluid (colloid or crystalloid) such as albumin. Plasmapheresis was divided generally into two groups:1- Plasma products by donor plasmapheresis2- Therapeutic plasmapheresisTherapeutic plasma exchange or TPE are often attributed to plasma that exit from the body of patient then compensated by any kind of replacement fluid volumes to support neurmolemic situation of patients. Plasmapheresis is currently used as a therapeutic modality in a wide array of conditions. Generally, plasmapheresis is used when a substance in the plasma, such as immunoglobulin, is acutely toxic and can be efficiently removed. Myriad conditions fall under this category, including neurologic, hematologic, metabolic, dermatologic, rheumatologic, and renal diseases, as well as intoxications, that can be treated with plasmapheresis.

Neonatal testicular torsion, also known as perinatal testicular torsion is a subject of debate among surgeons.Neonatal testicular torsion either intrauterine or postnatal results into extravaginal torsion which is a different entity than intravaginal type but has the same devastating consequences if not diagnosed and managed well in time. Testicular torsion results into acute ischemia with its resultant sequelae such as abnormality of testicular function and fertility. Urgent surgical exploration and fixation of the other testis are the key points in the management. General anesthesia is not a contraindication for exploration as thought before. Diagnosis and controversies on management of testicular torsion are discussed in this review.

The “ Iranian Journal of Materials Forming (IJMF)” is an international open access journal in the fields of materials deformation and forming processes, which was established at Shiraz University in 2014. The journal is pleased to receive papers from scientists and engineers from academic and industrial areas related to all manufacturing processes. In addition, all deformations, including the elastic and plastic behaviors of materials and deformations due to failure, are part of this journal’ s field of interest. The quality and credibility of the journal have been ensured by appointing some of the most well-known professors in the world as members of its editorial board. Recently, some world-renowned scientists have also been joined the editorial board, making it stronger than before. In addition, the wide range of the selected referees in this issue is a sign of its scientific quality. It is a matter of pride that for the first year this journal has been successfully released quarterly and 24 articles were published in 2021.

The “, Iranian Journal of Materials Forming (IJMF)”,turned ten years old and the first issue of the 10th volume was published. This is an international open access journal in the fields of materials deformation and forming processes, which was established at Shiraz University in 2014. The journal is pleased to receive papers from scientists and engineers from academic and industrial areas related to all manufacturing processes. In addition, all deformations, including the elastic and plastic behaviors of materials and deformations due to failure, are part of this journal’, s field of interest. The quality and credibility of the journal have been ensured by appointing some of the most well-known professors in the world as members of its editorial board. In addition, the wide range of the selected referees in this issue is a sign of its scientific quality. It is a matter of pride that for the third year this journal has been successfully released quarterly and the first issue of the year was published in 2023. Unfortunately, the rate of receiving high quality articles has decreased due to rising the rejection rate. In order to publish on time and maintain quality, we need the cooperation of more experts in this specialized field.

The mechanical behavior of the material is very important during both the manufacturing process and the service of the components. The phenomenon of deformation is studied from the three viewpoints of mechanics, physics and metallurgy. The goal is sometimes deformation and sometimes, such as creep and the different aspects of failure, the opposite way around to prevent deformation. Therefore, there are a lot of processes and phenomena which are involved with the deformation. On the other hand, despite a long history of research in the field of deformation, this concept has always been associated with modern sciences and advanced technologies due to the fact that different fields of research are somehow involved with this field. All of these shed light on the wide scope of the journal, despite its specific title. In fact, it is expected to receive papers from scientists and engineers from academic and industrial areas related to the processes involving deformation, the failures accompanied with it and all the mediated dislocation phenomena. The quality and credibility of the journal have been ensured by appointing some of the most well-known professors in the world as members of its editorial board. In addition, some world-renowned scientists have also recently joined the editorial board, making it stronger than before. Moreover, the wide range of the selected referees in this issue is an indicator of its scientific quality. With the publication of the first issue in 2022, a fruitful year is wished for all the readers of the journal. Hopefully, 2022 will be the beginning of great improvements for IJMF.

The “Iranian Journal of Materials Forming (IJMF)” is an international open access journal in the fields of materials deformation and forming processes, which was established at Shiraz University in 2014. The journal is pleased to receive papers from scientists and engineers from academic and industrial areas related to all manufacturing processes. In addition, all deformations, including the elastic and plastic behaviors of materials and deformations due to failure, are part of this journal’s field of interest. The quality and credibility of the journal have been ensured by appointing some of the most well-known professors in the world as members of its editorial board. In addition, the wide range of the selected referees in this issue is a sign of its scientific quality. It is a matter of pride that for the third year this journal has been successfully released quarterly and the second issue of the year was published in 2023.