Morphological and ecological VARIATIONS and inter-specific relationships of a red algal genus, Hypnea were investigated in 15 populations belong to 5 species from Oman Sea coasts. In this study, cluster analyses, principal component analysis and Canonical Correspondence Analysis were done. Statistical analyses indicated that characters such as special branches or branchlets, position of tetrasporange and algae habit are the most important diagnostic characters in intera-genus variation. In general two major clusters were formed. The first major cluster comprised H. boergesenii. Second major cluster contains two subclusters. The first subcluster comprised of H. charoides, H. valentiae and H. musciformis. The second subcluster comprised of H. pannosa. Results showed that variation in the cluster one was explained by average of annual salinity and morphological variation and in cluster two was related to average of annual PH, water temperature and impurities.

We give a new proof of Glauberman's ZJ Theorem, in a form that clari, es the choices involved and off, ers more choices than classical treatments. In particular, we introduce two new ZJ-type subgroups of a p-group S, that contain ZJr(S) and ZJo(S) respectively and can be strictly larger.

Background/Objective: It is important to keep the spleen with the help of imaging in today world. We can see VARIATIONS like asplenia, polysplenia (2 -16 pieces) at MRI. Normal spleen has a size up to 1cm and less than that is asplenia or atrophy of spleen. It is common to see large vessels anomalies. We can evaluate it after spleen surgical removal, also spleno-sis, and accessory spleen. The aim of this presentation is to report VARIATIONS of spleen site on CT. Patients and Methods: All the 3000 cases had sono-graphy report or CT. Some of them had MRI report. All the patients received oral or intravenous contrast media. Results: Among 3000 CT, there were 240 cases of ac-cessory spleen, two cases of poly spleen, one case of pelvic spleen, 90 cases of spleen metastasis which were mostly lymphoma, 25 cases of Hydatid cyst, three cases of simple cysts, three cases of small spleen (1-6 cm), two cases of huge splenomegaly, 14 cases of spleen calcifications, 15 cases of accessory spleen which in one case it was more than 3.5cm. There were five cases with spleen measured 8 -12 cm in di-ameter which were after splenectomy due to Thalas-semia major and it was as a result of enlargement of accessory spleen which was not diagnosed, also two cases of multi- accessory spleen were found. Other complications of spleen were five cases of abscess and infections, 12 cases of spleen infarction, 36 cases of spleen rupture, two cases of cavernous hemangioma and one case of capillary hemangioma. Conclusion:1-Sonography had better accuracy in the case of internal texture, tumors and cysts in compari-son with CT. 2-CT had better accuracy than sonogra-phy at calcification, an splenic surroundings, spleen infarction and splenic vessels investigation. 3-CT is mandatory for major thalassemia and the ones who must go under splenectomy. Also CT is necessary for revealing accessory spleen which may be missed at sonography. 4- For finding pelvic spleen CT, CTA and MRI are possible but sonography and doppler are difficult. 5-RN Scan has the minimum role at spleen imaging.

Language is the heart of culture in such an extent that any cultural variation has a direct relation with its linguistic VARIATIONS. In this respect, finding the mechanisms of linguistic VARIATIONS in parallel with the cultural VARIATIONS is very important because it influences all over the country's cultural programming and policies. In other words linguistic programming and strategies are directly related to the cultural programming and strategies on the other hand, the language VARIATIONS are directly related to development and cultural progress of any country. The existing relation between culture and development is too obvious to be mentioned and under the light of this, the relation between language and development must be obvious too. To give a systematic and holistic understanding of these relations is the main aim of this article, in other words, growing and development of a country must be viewed through its language perspective. Language development, acts as the most important step toward a local development. Because language is the most important element for social communications and also because local development has no meaning without considering local communications therefore:" it would be impossible to have a development without having its linguistic developments fixed as a prerequisite and any development strategies that excludes linguistic development and its related strategies is condemned to be failed" and this phrase may be also justified through a study of existing relations between language and society and/or social VARIATIONS that is the main subject of this article.

Most rotational VARIATIONS in young children, such as in-toening, and torticollis, are benign and resolve spontaneously. Understanding the normal VARIATIONS in otherwise healthy children is vital to identifying true structural abnormalities that require intervention. A deliberate assessment of the rotational profile is necessary wben evaluating children who in-toe or out-toe. In-toeing is usually attributable to metatarsus adductus in the infant, internal tibial torsion in the toddler, and femoral anteversion in children younger than 10 years. Out-toeing patterns largely result from external rotation hip contracture, external tibial torsion, and external femoral torsion.

This paper is a part of study about the impact of the microclimate on the space use and the user’s behavior’s. The purpose of our study is to get an in-depth understanding of how people use out door public spaces in different climatic conditions, how their behavior and perception of the space change with the climatic VARIATIONS. We have employed a multi-method approach which combines a “qualitative” and “quantitative” analysis. Three squares were chosen as a setting for either a video observations, climatic measurement and interviews with the users. The whole investigations were conducted one day in winter 2009 and one day in summer 2010. The result of the qualitative and the quantitative analysis revealed that the climate variables played very different roles in predicting the use mode and density of the three squares in the two seasonal periods.

Background and Objectives: Infectious diseases are the second leading cause of deaths in patients on dialysis. Leukocyte function can be affected by both uremia and dialysis and there is evidence that leukocyte dysfunction depend on dialysis membrane. In addition, patients on dialysis are predispose to bleeding. This study was performed prospectively in order to evaluate leukocyte and platelet variation during dialysis. Materials and Methods: In 32 patients who were dialyzed for 2-3 times per week, leukocyte and platelet count were checked at 0, 15 and 240 minutes of dialysis. The study was followed by statistical analysis. Results: In patients who were dialyzed with bioincompatible dialyser such as Coprophan, leukocyte count especially neutrophils reduced markedly at 15-30 minutes of dialysis session and in the most of them neutrophil count was reduced to lower than 500/, µl (severe neutropenia) (p<0.001). On the other hand, in patients who were dialysed with compatible dialyser (Polysulphan), no significant change was observed in leukocyte count during dialysis at 15 minutes (p=0.807) apart from some leukocytosis at the end of dialysis session. In addition, patients who were dialysed with incompatible membrane had significant reduction in platelets count during dialysis between 15-30 minutes of dialysis (p<0.001) but there wasn't any significant change with biocompatible dialyser at the same time. There was elevation of thrombocyte counts at the end of dialysis with biocompatible membrane. Conclusion: Results of this study were similar to that reported in some past studies, except for thrombocytosis at the end of dialysis session.      

Background: Pregnancy is associated with substantial but reversible VARIATIONS in thyroid function and some studies reveal the appearance of hypothyroidism in pre-eclamptic patients. Objective: To survey the relation between thyroid hormones & TSH and the process of pre-eclampsia. Methods: In this case- control study 40 proteinuric, 40 pre-eclamptic patients and 40 normotensive ones were studied. The samples were matched based on age & gestational age none of them had previous history of hypertensive or thyroid disorders or took medication that might affect thyroid function. Their venous blood samples were collected using RIA method and thyroid hormones and TSH were measured. Findings: Pre-eclamptic patients had significant lower T4 and higher TSH concentrations compared with normotensive ones (T4: 7.8±1.7 mIu/ml 10.2±1.4 mIu/ml), (TSH:5.3±1.5 mlu/ml, 3.6±0.4 mIu/ml) (P<0.05). T3 concentration correlated with severity of pre-eclampsia. Severe pre-eclamptic patients had lower T3 than the mild pre- eclamptic ones (P<0.05). Conclusion: The results suggest that mild biochemical hypothyroidism is found in proteinuric pre-eclompsia and the concentrations of T3 seem to reflect the severity of pre-eclampsia.