Subcutaneous tuberculous abscess in the chest wall is an unusual presentation of extra-pulmonary tuberculosis and usually results from underlying bone disease with costal, lymphnodal or pleural origin without concomittant pulmonary involvement and rarely have cases without evident bone disease been described. We report two patients with subcutaneous tuberculous abscess in the chest wall who were admitted due to chest wall masses. After paraclinical studies including Radiography, Isotope scanning, Pathological and Microbiological investigations; the diagnosis of subcutaneous tuberculous abscess originating from the sternum was established. Both patients were cured completely after appropriate treatment for tuberculosis.

Introduction: Eye TRAUMA is a common cause of one-sided blindness in children and teenagers. Blunt TRAUMA can cause rupture of orbital cavity and the herniation of its content may affect the nearby sinuses leading to hemorrhage in the anterior chamber (hyphema).TRAUMAtic hyphema that specially happens in the eyes with blunt TRAUMA can be followed by high infra ocular pressure, corneal staining, cataract, injury of the optic nerve and sever loss of visual acuity (VA). Early diagnosis and treatment of this complication can prevent the later and worst complications. The aim of this study is to determine the prevalence of TRAUMAtic hyphema and its complications in eye blunt TRAUMA.Materials and Methods: According to a cross- sectional descriptive protocol, we studied 83 patients with eye blunt TRAUMA who referred to the eye clinics of Bahman 22nd and Farabi hospitals. A formal questionnaire was designed to be completed for personal particularities of each patient as well as the information about the examinations of orbit, cornea, AC, lens and optic nerves. In addition, the Intraocular Pressure (IOP) and initial VA were recorded. Then we analyzed these records and evaluated the prevalence of hyphema and its complications in eye blunt TRAUMA.Results: This study shows that hyphema is a common complication of eye blunt TRAUMA that occurs in approximately 50% of the patients with eye blunt TRAUMA.36.1% of the patients were in the age group of 20-40 years old with an average age of 36.7 years. There were 65.9% males and 34.1% females. The most common causes of TRAUMA included projectiles (48.8%) and assaults (36.6%). The most common associated symptoms with hyphema included red eye (56.09%) and dark vision (48.7%).The most frequent occurring complications included sever decrease of initial VA (75.6%) and high IOP (48.8%).Conclusion: Hyphema is a common complication of eye blunt TRAUMA that may lead to other complications like sever loss of VA and high IOP. So, thinking of and searching for hyphema in any patient with eye blunt TRAUMA can help us to diagnose it at early stages and prevent other complications.

Dental TRAUMA is considered as one of the common complications in childhood. This study was designed to assess the prevalence of different types of TRAUMAtic injuries as well as it's management in two main Tehran University Hospitals. A total of 3491 case notes were assessed for their record of any dental TRAUMA. during 1997-1999. Results indicated that the rate of TRAUMA was at 8.96% of the whole population of this study. This rate was found to be higher in boys (60%) compare to girls (40%). The highest incidence was found at the age of 10 years (26%) with uncomplicated crown fracture being the most common injury of hard tissue (65%). Interestingly, 47% of the patients did not seek treatment for the first 3 days and only 46% had attended for any follow up at all.

TRAUMA team means care of TRAUMA patients by a multidisciplinary team usually organized under the leadership of a physician; each member of the team has specific responsibilities and the whole team contributes to the care of the patient. In this study, we would like to evaluate scientifically and evidence based who would be the leader of TRAUMA team? Studies in different countries showed that specialized TRAUMA team formation especially for severe injured patients is the most effective way to promote their outcome. Expert views in the articles and in our country revealed that establishment of TRAUMA system, level 1, 2, 3 and 4 TRAUMA centers, TRAUMA team and fellowship of TRAUMA surgery is a necessity. TRAUMA surgeon has a responsibility of leadership in TRAUMA team in level 1 and 2 TRAUMA centers. In level 3 TRAUMA centers, knowledgeable general surgeon has to be a leader of team. Thus, special attention is necessary to educate TRAUMA carefully in residency of general surgery to solve essential needs of TRAUMA in Iran.

Background: Sonography imaging in emergent situations is of easy-access with an ever-increasing demand. The aim of the current study was to determine the justification of sonography in emergent patients at a tertiary provincial referent medical center in a one-year period. Methods: In a retrospective descriptive cross-sectional study, 400 emergent patients underwent sonography imaging during the year 2017 were selected using systematic random sampling method. The data of age, gender, anatomic area, sonography number, Focused Assessment with Sonography for TRAUMA (FAST) sonography, and diagnosis were extracted from patient profiles, and were entered in a researcher-made checklist. Data analysis was performed using descriptive statistics and chi-square test. Findings: Men patients represented 60. 0% of the requested sonography cases, and 40. 0% of the exams were performed in the patient at the age range of 20 to 40 years old. 73. 0% of patients underwent FAST sonography, required subsequent diagnostic sonography investigation, while FAST sonography led only to a diagnosis in 50. 0% of the patients. 63. 5% of the patients underwent more than one repeated sonography investigations. Conclusion: Diagnostic efficiency of FAST sonography was found to be underpowered in the current study. This caused wasting the resources, as well inflicting diagnostic retard in the emergent and urgent setting. The training of FAST sonography needs to be reviewed and revised, regarding its rationality and appropriate implementation.