In this research, a model is developed for the optimal design of storm water networks.The model uses the powerful genetic algorithm as the search engine. The "TRANSPORT" module of "SWMM 4.4h" is used as the hydraulic analyzer of the model. Two different approach are used to formulate the problem with varying degrees of success in reaching a "near optimal" solution. The proposed model is applied to some benchmark examples in the literature leading to achieve good solution compared to previous results.

Solute TRANSPORT in the soil is an important subject with many applications in agriculture, in particular: TRANSPORT of nutrients in soil, TRANSPORT of contaminants in soil, and leaching of saline soils.In this research, we studied the TRANSPORT of bromide in soil under wheat and followed control plot, in three replications with a randomized complete block design. Potassium bromide was surface applied (300 kg Br/ha) in a solution together with 15 mm irrigation water. The next irrigations were done in eight times, each time 85 mm of water was added to the soil.Soil samples were taken eight times from the depths of 0-30, 30-60, 60-90 and 90-120 cm. Concentration of bromide in soil solution was measured by ion selective electrode. In each sampling the moisture balance and the amount of soil evaporation were determined and the net amount of soil water was calculated. CXTFIT program with stochastic regional TRANSPORT model were used for fitting the data on the observed concentrations. The results did not show significant difference between the wheat and control plot. It seems that a few years of successive cultivation is needed for observing the effects of tillage and the crop. Fitting the data was reasonable and was statistically acceptable. In the light of soil spatial variability’s, the errors are reasonable. In practice, use of this model simplifies calculation of solutes movement in soil and provides an acceptable estimate of the concentrations of salts and nutrients at any desirable depth and time.

Moving a critical patient is a dangerous medical intervention; there are risks and benefits. The benefits still revolve around providing specialized treatments and diagnostics not available at every facility. Recent literature has shown that time until definitive treatment is an important consideration. Critically ill patients are at increased risk of morbidity and mortality during TRANSPORT. Risk can be minimized and outcomes improved with careful planning, the use of appropriately qualified personnel and selection and availability of appropriate equipment. Furthermore, the accompanying personnel and equipment are selected by training to provide for any ongoing or anticipated acute care needs of patient. PreTRANSPORT coordination and communication as well as successful communication between the receiving and referring hospitals are essential for successful TRANSPORT.The tertiary care center that accepts the patient must be accessible and provide recommendations by telephone. The referring hospital must provide adequate information about the patient for appropriate recommendations to be made.Preparing a patient for TRANSPORT to referring facilities will, before TRANSPORT, be appropriate evaluation and stabilization to the degree possible to ensure patient safety during TRANSPORT. Accompanying personnel: it is strongly recommended that a minimum of two people accompany a critically patient. Accompanying Equipment Monitor or standard blood pressure cuff, plus oximeter, and cardiac monitor/defibrillator should accompany every patient without exception. Equipment for airway management, seized appropriately for each patient, is also TRANSPORTed with each patient. Monitoring During TRANSPORT: All critically ill patients undergoing TRANSPORT receive the same level of basic physiologic monitoring during TRANSPORT as they had in the intensive care unit. This includes at a minimum: continuous ECG monitoring, pulse oximetry, plus rate, and respiratory rate.Conclusion: Each hospital should have a formalized plan for intra- and interhospital TRANSPORT that addresses: a) PreTRANSPORT coordination and communication; b) TRANSPORT personnel; c) TRANSPORT equipment; d) Monitoring during TRANSPORT; e) Documentation.