Abstract: The integration of fluid with optics has long been recognized for researchers. For example, Liquid telescope mirrors and optical waveguides with liquid core have been developed for more than a hundred years ago. To day, Optofluidics is an emerging area of research that integrates nanophotonics with microfluids onto the same platform. The unique properties of fluids in micro and nano scale can be exploited to design new optical devices. With optofluidics idea, several optical devices including optical and microfluidics elements can be inteagrted on a single chip. The most optical components shus as light soures, lens, waveguides and optical sensors which previously were separately made at now these elemntes can be integrated in the same platform, known as ‘ lab-on-a-chip’ . For instance, in photonic crystals and micro-structure photonic crystal fibers, the tunable and reconfigurable devices such as the slow-light photonic crystal waveguide, optical filters, optical switches and optical sensors can be directly created by infiltration of fluid into selected air holes and localy precise control it.

Since the publication of the report “Converging TECHNOLOGIES for Improving Human Performance, NANOTECHNOLOGY, BIOTECHNOLOGY, INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY AND COGNITIVE SCIENCE” by National Science Foundation of United States, the term NBIC has gained a wide popularity (Roco & Bainbridge, 2003). In this report published in 2003, authors argued that the integration of these four TECHNOLOGIES based on the developments on the nanoscale can offer significant improvement of human life styles including in the working habits, economics and humanities.