A B S T R A C TToday, all officials involved with the challenges of city sustainability have accepted the idea of a smarter city, using more technologies, creating better living conditions and protecting the environment for a better quality of life. The central part of the metropolis of TABRIZ is based on Region 8 and part of Region 10, a historical-cultural area with an area of 286 hectares and a population of about 40 thousand people in 8 neighbourhoods. This research was compiled to evaluate and explain the regeneration of the central part of TABRIZ city with the approach of smart growth and in line with the sustainable development of problematic neighbourhoods in the 8th district of TABRIZ metropolis. The present review is methodologically practical, to describe and analyze the goals of regeneration based on library studies. The statistical population of the research includes experts and people living in the central context. In the first part, the Delphi method was used by asking experts. In the second part, the structural equation method of SPSS and AMOS software is used. According to the results of using the scales of design, pedestrian-oriented, intergenerational justice in the actual situation and 3 indicators of management and productivity, stable and value-creating jobs are in the potential situation. Also, two environmental indicators with the most direct and indirect effects and a cultural index have been decisive in the regeneration with the smart growth approach in the central part of TABRIZ city. Therefore, in the regeneration of the central part, the studied indicators should be used simultaneously and integrated into the reconstruction projects of the central fabric of the city to lead to smart sustainabilityExtended AbstractIntroductionSmart growth is considered a lever for revitalizing neighborhoods and urban centers. In a general scenario of smart growth, knowing the time and resources of investment provides a new and sustainable life in the city center and worn-out and old textures. Moreover, finally, it will improve the quality of urban neighborhoods, especially worn-out ones, and revive them. TABRIZ metropolis, one of the most important and largest cities in the country, with a long history of settlement, especially the central and old texture, due to developments in information and communication technology, extensive environmental, social, and economic changes in terms of time requirements, the traditional texture of roads, Deterioration of residential units, lack of equipment, infrastructure and urban services and environmental problems have caused the failure and physically turned into inefficient and problematic textures. Urban planning and development science must adopt a new decision and approach to face the existing and complex issues of worn-out texture. The main problem of the research is to evaluate and explain the regeneration of the central texture and strengthen them in line with the sustainable development of the problematic neighborhoods of TABRIZ metropolis according to the solutions and principles of smart urban growth. Therefore, the main goal of this research is to answer the following question:- What are the effective indicators and components in the regeneration of the central texture of TABRIZ metropolis with a smart growth approach? MethodologyThis research is applied and fundamental in terms of purpose and descriptive-analytical. The collection methods are based on documentary and library studies, surveys, and interviews. In the first part, qualitative data was prepared with an open questionnaire and through interviews, as well as the review of documents and quantitative data used in this research numerically and through the weighting of Delphi questionnaires based on the consensus index model to determine importance, certainty, and priority. The panel members were 19 people (including 5 university faculty members, 7 field research experts, 4 executive experts, and 3 graduate students) selected based on the non-probability (targeted) method. In the second part, Cronbach's alpha method was exerted to measure the reliability of the questions, which was obtained as 0.89. In order to evaluate the validity of the questionnaire, the Lawshe method was exploited. The statistical population of the second part includes District 8 of TABRIZ, which is the central texture of the city and is equal to 34,231 people. According to Cochran's formula, the sample size was equal to 379 people. Results and discussionIn the next step, path analysis was performed using AMOS 23 software to compare the integrated model with the hypotheses. The results of the path analysis, while verifying the structures, show that the value of the index of the critical ratio to the degree of freedom (CMIN/DF) is equal to 4.01, which is an optimal value for the model fit. Also, the goodness of fit index (GFI) is 0.952, which indicates the acceptability of this amount for the optimal fit of the model. The value of the root means the square error of estimation (RMSEA) is 0.065, which is acceptable because it is smaller than 0.08 and indicates the confirmation of the research model. Also, the Tucker-Lewis index (TLI) is 0.917, the comparative fit index (CFI) is 0.92, and the normalized parsimonious fit index (PNFI) is 0.882, which all indicate that the fit and verification of the research model are desirable.Therefore, none of the objects are removed and remain in the model. Therefore, it is confirmed that the factor structure of regeneration indicators with the smart growth approach has reliability and construct validity. Also, the second-order factor analysis shows that the factor loadings of all regeneration indicators with the smart growth approach are greater than 0.4 and are significant at the 95% probability level. According to the results, the environmental dimension with a factor loading of 0.94 has the most significant effect on urban regeneration with the smart growth approach in the central texture of TABRIZ city. After that, quality of life with a factor loading of 0.92, social dimension with a factor loading of 0.88, economic dimension with a factor loading of 0.83, physical dimension with a factor loading of 0.81, transportation dimension with a factor loading of 0.74 and cultural dimension in order with a factor loading of 0.72, are in the following ranks.According to the final structural model results, the environmental index has the highest value, with a direct effect of 0.594 and an indirect effect of 0.275. Moreover, after that, respectively, the quality of life index with a direct effect of 0.513 and an indirect effect of 0.236, a social index with a direct effect of 0.476 and an indirect effect of 0.217, an economic index with a direct effect of 0.451 and an indirect effect of 0.222, Physical with the direct effect of 0.435 and indirect effect of 0.205, mobility index with the direct effect of 0.373 and indirect effect of 0.182 and cultural index with the effect of direct values of 0.295 and indirect effect of 0.153 are influential in regeneration with smart growth approach in the central part of TABRIZ city. ConclusionIn this research, seven main indicators related to the subject were investigated. The results showed that the environmental index with the most significant direct and indirect effect is the focus of the evaluation. After that, dimensions and indicators of quality of life, social index, economic index, physical index, mobility index, and cultural index have been influential. According to the results, the urban environment index was analyzed as the most important factor at a high level, and this means that for urban regeneration with a smart growth approach, improving the environmental and physical conditions in the worn-out and central texture of TABRIZ city in the current situation is a priority. It is first. This is the most well-known part of regeneration with a smart growth approach. The analysis results show that this is not the case only in the case of transportation infrastructure. However, more comprehensive urban infrastructure such as the urban landscape, open spaces, green and parks, etc. are also crucial in improving the physical conditions of the infrastructure. Also, this study's results show that the economic sector's importance is as important as improving the physical conditions of the infrastructure. In addition, in the worn-out texture of District 8 of TABRIZ city, the sociocultural sector is essential, and the revival of historical and cultural resources is considered one of the urban regeneration options. Funding There is no funding support. Authors’ Contribution All of the authors approved the content of the manuscript and agreed on all aspects of the work.  Conflict of Interest Authors declared no conflict of interest. AcknowledgmentsWe are grateful to all the scientific.

The importance of sustainability development for developing countries and their tourism is a major issue. This study presents a new approach and framework for spatial modelling of tourism products potentials (TPP) in their sustainability evaluation. The approach was developed based on the GIS multi-criteria decision analysis (MCDA) and its performance was evaluated for spatial TPP mapping in TABRIZ city, Iran. To achieve this purpose, we recognized the main Components of Tourism Development indicators (CTDI) such as attractions, accommodation, services and infrastructures facilities to improving sustainable tourism, and determined their significance using the Geographic information systems (GIS). Furthermore, the uncertainty analyze was applied to diminish the inherent error in criteria weights. A GIS-based aggregation function was applied to discern the TPP map. Finally, the emphasis in this paper investigates the practical usage of GIS for the benefit of sustainable tourism development. In particular, it inquired the possible opportunities and challenges facing the adoption of GIS to assist sustainable tourism development. The purpose of this article is to map and explore existing and potential attractions, tourism services and facilities in TABRIZ and to ensure that potential opportunities are available for all tourists to enjoy enjoyable experiences in order to reveal their diverse economic, social, political and cultural benefits. Build on the positive and negative aspects of their construction and present them with appropriate solutions for tourism development that lead to sustainable tourism development and infrastructure improvement.

Safineh-ye TABRIZ, a handwritten collection of some 200 Persian and Arabic books and treatises of various subjects collected and written by Abu al-Majd Mohammad TABRIZi in the first third of the eighth century AH. The collection includes books from known and unknown poets and mystics, several previously unpublished texts (verse and prose), several debates, information about the old TABRIZ language, and some information about Amin al-Dawlah Abu al-Qasem Haji-Bula/ Bala and his son. Safineh-ye TABRIZ is a valuable collection even though it is not without mistakes. The original copy is kept at the library of the Islamic Parliament and has been printed in facsimile edition.

Located-on-the crossroads of historic trade routes, TABRIZ City has enjoyed a buoyant economy, as well being a political capital under several dynasties. The affluence of the city is reflected in TABRIZ Bazaar as one of the biggest covered bazaars in the world; The city was originally limited to Mehran River on its north. Nevertheless, the bazaar expanded to the north of Mehran Riverin line with the urban growth northwards. To integrate bazaar functions on both sides of the river, the Bridge-Bazaar was introduced as a creative solution. This paper reviews the history of TABRIZ Bridge-Bazaars, their creation, their demolishment, and their recent reconstruction.

Introduction: The present study aimed to determine the educational and research needs of faculty members of TABRIZ University of Medical Sciences, TABRIZ, Iran so that educational priorities can be found and presented to the authorities for the purpose of educational planning.Methods: This cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted in 2013 at aforementioned University. Overall, 250 faculty members were randomly selected from 10 faculties and recruited. Research tool, a researcher-made questionnaire whose validity had been confirmed by a number of experts, was distributed in person, and eventually 230 were completed. Data were analyzed in SPSS-21 software using descriptive statistical tests.Results: Faculty members of the University declared student assessment as their first educational priority. They also considered the following as their educational needs: teaching and learning, writing scientific articles, educational needs assessment, research in education and health systems, teaching methods and techniques, educational planning, program evaluation, educational guidance and counseling, professional ethics, and computer application in education, respectively.Conclusion: This study investigated the educational needs of faculty members in three areas and 50 subjects and prioritized these needs according to each area. Based on these needs, educational planning authorities of faculty members, by appropriate educational planning, can take an effective step in improving scientific knowledge of professors and play an important role in enhancing the overall quality of education.

This study investigates the factors affecting user satisfaction with public spaces, particularly in the context of safety, using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM). The research focuses on Saat Square in TABRIZ, one of the city's most important public and commercial spaces. Due to its central location and ease of access, the square attracts a large number of individuals daily from diverse demographic, social, and economic backgrounds. For this study, 203 face-to-face surveys were conducted randomly to explore users' perceptions of accessibility, usage and activities, safety, comfort, image, and overall satisfaction with the public space of Saat Square. Data analysis was carried out using exploratory factor analysis and validation assessment. Subsequently, relationships among these factors and user satisfaction were analyzed using Structural Equation Modeling in Amos 24 software. The findings indicate that safety, especially nighttime security and surveillance, has the most significant impact on user satisfaction in Saat Square. Additionally, usage, activities, and the image of the space greatly influence satisfaction, while accessibility and comfort have a lesser effect on overall user satisfaction. The results emphasize the importance of enhancing security measures in Saat Square and paying attention to the design of public spaces in TABRIZ to improve the sense of safety and meet user needs. This research can assist TABRIZ urban management in optimizing the design of Saat Square and other public urban spaces to increase user safety and satisfaction, creating a safer and more appealing urban environment.

Background: Emergency medical services are vital in timely treating victims and reducing injury and mortality rates. Ambulance response time is an essential variable in evaluating the quality of these services. This study aims to determine the ambulance response time and compare it to some background variables. Materials and Methods: This descriptive study was conducted on ambulance emergency missions in TABRIZ Emergency Medical Center, TABRIZ, Iran. The data file related to the eligible missions in the server of the center was read and listened and ambulance response time and background variables were extracted and analyzed using descriptive statistics. Results: The Mean±, SD ambulance response time was 11. 58±, 5. 69 min, which was long. The results showed a statistically significant relationship between ambulance response time and technical readiness, traffic conditions, accident time, and the educational level of ambulance personnel. Conclusion: Compared to the standard value, the average ambulance response time in TABRIZ Emergency Medical Center was longer. By recognizing the influential variables and taking the required actions, one can improve the ambulance response time and facilitate medical services in emergency conditions.

Bilankuh or Valyankui is one of the historic neighborhoods in TABRIZ. This neighborhood is known with the name"Bilankuh" since TABRIZian dignitaries and sages are buried there.Their graves in Bilankuh have always been of special importance; the graves of nobles such as Akhisad al-Din (the well-known sage of the sixth century), Kamal al-Din Masudkhujandi (the poet and sage of the eighth century), Kamal aI-Din BehzadHarati (the great writer of the tenth century) and so on are located in the neighborhood. In Ilkhani Period, a collegiate town called Rab-e-Rashidi was established there by Khaje Rashid aI-Din Fazl Allah Hamadani and doubled its importance. Hence, the 14th AD century is considered as the era of boom and prosperity. This area has also been taken into consideration during the following eras. The existence of various valuable works and monuments related to different historic phases reveals the significance of the neighborhood. The sages and dignitaries' attention to the area, especially from the 12th AD century on, made them have their graves and shrines placed there. Therefore, presenting the results of field studies about the remains and traces of these graves and monuments is one of the main aims of this article.