Background: Surgical wound infection surveillance is an important facet of hospital infection control processes. There are several surveillance methods for Surgical site infections. The objective of this study is to evaluate the accuracy of two different Surgical site infection surveillance methods.Methods: In this prospective cross sectional study 3020 undergoing surgery in general Surgical wards of Imam Khomeini hospital were included. Surveillance methods consisted of review of medical records for postoperative fever and review of nursing daily note for prescription of antibiotics postoperatively and during patient’s discharge. Review of patient’s history and daily records and interview with patient’s surgeon and the head-nurse of the ward considered as a gold standard for surveillance.Results: The postoperative antibiotic consumption especially when considering its duration is a proper method for Surgical wound infection surveillance. Accomplishments of a prospective study with postdischarge follow up until 30 days after surgery is recommended.Conclusion: The result of this study showed that postoperative antibiotic surveillance method especially with consideration of the antibiotic usage duration is a proper method for Surgical site infection surveillance in general surgery wards. Accomplishments of a prospective study with post discharge follow up until 30 days after surgery is recommended.

Background: Surgical site infection is one of the most common post operative complications alongside with sepsis, cardiovascular, pulmonary and thromboembolic complications. The development of Surgical site infection is related to three factors: the degree of microbial contamination of the wound during surgery, the duration of the procedure, and host factors such as diabetes, malnutrition, obesity, immune suppre(SSI)on, and a number of other underlying disease states. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of topical cephazolin in controlling infection of the site of surgery after non-laparoscopic cholecystecomy. Methods: One hundred and two of patients referred to the outpatient clinic of Imam Khomeini Hospital from fall 2005 to fall 2006 non- laparoscopic cholecystectomy enrolled in a randomized clinical trial. All patients underwent the same procedure of anesthesia and surgery and they were randomly a(SSI)gned into two groups of cases with irrigation of the site of surgery with 19 of topical Cephazolin prior to the termination of the operation- and controls. Cephazolin is a first generation cephalosporin which binds penicillin binding protein and is a potent cell wall synthesis inhibitor. The patients were followed up for six weeks for symptoms and signs of infection including discharge of the wound; and presence of pain, warmness, swelling and erythema of the wound. Results: There were no significant differences between two study groups regarding mean age, duration of operation, and sex. There was no significant difference in the incidence of infection of the site of surgery (11.8% in both groups with p=0.99) between two groups.Conclusion: Analyzing the collected data confirms that prophylactic use of topical cephazolin was unable to decrease the risk of infection of the site of surgery in patients undergoing non- laparascopic cheolecystectomy.

Breast Surgical site infection is not only one of the main causes of the morbidity and mortality of cases under different types of surgeries, but also it results in longer hospitalization and additional expenses. Identifying various potential parameters related to the occurrence of Surgical site infection after the surgery and getting accurate knowledge about them can be beneficial in preventing the Surgical site infection. Various types of studies have been conducted to evaluate the po(SSI)ble risk parameters of Surgical site infection in every surgery. In this study, we tried to provide a brief review of the available literature regarding the risk factors associated with breast Surgical site infection. To this end, we searched the Pubmed database for the relevant articles. We selected eight articles, which have studied the parameters with statistically significant association with the breast Surgical site infection. According to our review, further studies with larger sample size can be effective in better evaluating the associated risk factors and presenting the exact effect of some uncertain risk factors of the Surgical site infection after breast surgeries.

Background-Surgical wound infection is one of the most important hospital infection The objective of the study was determination of infection rate in general Surgical wards and the related risk factors. Methods-In this prospective study, 2860 patients were selected during 2 years in general Surgical wards of two university hospitals. The Surgical site infection rate during admi(SSI)on in hospital and frequency of risk factors were measured. Seven hundreds and fifty patients were selected randomly and followed up for one month after surgery.Findings-The frequencies of Surgical site infections was 2.2% In univariate analysis, higher age, more than one anatomical Surgical site, increased duration of surgery, longer Surgical wound, surgery because of malignancy or perforation of organs, in Surgical wound, history of high blood pressure, history of diabetes mellitus, daily smoking, drug and alcohol abuse, recently steroid therapy, recently chemotherapy, lower serum hemoglobin and albumin levels were related with Surgical site infection.In multivariate analysis, only increased duration of surgery, deran usage, drug abuse, recently steroid therapy, lower serum hemoglobin levels and surgery because of perforation of organs were related with Surgical wound infection.Conclusion-Risk factors in iranian population is similar as others, but addiction to opium was a specific risk factors in our patients.

Background: The Surgical site infections ((SSI)s) associated with orthopedic surgeries are prevalent since the commonly used implantation techniques increase the risk of infection. This study aimed to evaluate the prevalence of (SSI) in patients with femoral shaft fracture (FSF). Materials and Methods: This retrospective cross-sectional study was performed on patients with FSF referred to Shahid Mohammadi hospital of Bandar Abbas, Iran from 2012 to 2016 for open intramedullary nailing (IMN) of the femoral shaft. Data were entered into the SPSS software version 25. 0 for statistical analysis. Results: Sixty-two individuals with the mean age of 26. 95±, 1. 19 years participated in the study, of whom 85. 5% were male and 14. 5% were female. Twelve patients (19. 4%) had open fractures and 50 (80. 6%) had closed FSFs. (SSI) was observed in eight cases, one of whom had deep (SSI) (osteomyelitis). Our results showed that (SSI) was not correlated with age or sex (P < 0. 05), but it was significantly correlated with the frequency of hospitalizations, fractures in other areas, and the type of fracture (open and closed) (P < 0. 05). Conclusion: The overall prevalence of (SSI) was 12. 9%, which was higher compared to previous studies. Humidity and warm weather can be major contributing factors to the high prevalence of post-operative infection in this treatment center,however, the conditions of the orthopedic operating room and facilities should also be considered.