Background: Burnout during stressful dental residency courses can adversely affect the personal abilities and competencies of residents. This study aimed to investigate burnout and its relationship with spiritual intelligence in Mashhad Dental School residents in 2019-2018. Methods: In this cross-sectional descriptive-analytical study, approximately all the dental residents of Mashhad Dental School participated in the survey. Demographic information questionnaire, Maslach burnout questionnaire, and David B. King’, s (2008) Spiritual Intelligence Scale were used to collect data. Finally, SPSS software (version 20) was employed for data analysis. Results: Overall, 53 women (52%) and 49 men (48%) with a mean age of 27. 83 years participated in this study (a response rate of 97%). The mean score of burnout was 58. 75. Residents also had a low reduced personal accomplishment, moderate emotional fatigue, and moderate depersonalization. The mean scores of spiritual intelligence and its sub-scales, including critical existential thinking, production of personal meaning, awareness transcendence, and consciousness expansion were 51. 91, 15. 66, 13. 19, and 14. 67, respectively. Personal accomplishment was significantly correlated with overall spiritual intelligence (P < 0. 001, r = 0. 404) and its sub-scales, including producing personal meaning (P = 0. 009, r = 0. 26), transcendental awareness (P < 0. 001, r = 0. 382) critical thinking (P = 0. 04, r = 0. 2), and conscious state expansion (P < 0. 001, r = 0. 356). Eventually, there was no significant difference between burnout and spiritual intelligence and their sub-scales regarding gender, marital status, and school year (P < 0. 05). Conclusions: Mashhad Dental residents showed moderate levels of emotional fatigue and spiritual intelligence. Accordingly, there is a need for planning strategies to reduce burnout.

BACKGROUND: Waiting time is an important indicator of patient satisfaction and the quality of care. The aim of this study is to determine the waiting time in physician offices in Tehran, Iran.METHODS: This was a cross-sectional study. The target population of this study consisted of Specialist and subSpecialist offices in Tehran. We used a census sampling method to study the population. Data of 5475 physicians was extracted from data banks, of which 43.4% were not accessible. Thus 3098 cases were included and analyzed. We conducted telephone interviews to gather data, which was subsequently analyzed using SPSS software.RESULTS: Out of the 3098 physicians interviewed, 2585 were Specialists (83.4%); the remaining were subSpecialists. The mean waiting time for a patient's first visit to a Specialist was 4.30 days (SD=8.10) and for subSpecialists it was 7.61 days (SD=13.98).DISCUSSION: The average waiting time in our study was less than a week for Specialists and almost a week for subSpecialists. The health system in Iran has not established a complete referral system and with this situation, waiting time may have adverse effects on the health of patients. Thus studying and managing waiting time in some medical specialties or regions is a priority in our country.

One of the major tasks of medical workforce planning system is establishing a balance between physician supply and demand throughout the country. There are different methods for estimating of Specialist demand, one of them is estimation of future demand based on current demand. In this study, attendance to Specialists during two weeks and/or hospitalization during one year before initiating the study had been considered as a criterion for demand estimation. Ten thousands urban families (45518 people) in 400 clusters (each containing 25 families) were studied in 17 districts. According to the results, it is predicted that there will be a physician oversupply in pediatrics, OB/GYN, and general surgery specialties until the years 2003-2004.