Following the Constitutional revolution of Iran Persian journalism entered a flourishing period. This paper aims to survey a less-studied Persian newspaper, namely Sorû sh, within a historical framework. Sorû sh was published during a critical period of Iran’ s history and we might consider it as a useful source for current ideas of this time. This study which is based mainly on the analytical survey of the articles of Sorû sh, shows that its writers enjoy a distinguished position among the contemporary Iranian thinkers. It seems that Sorû sh ushered in a discursive change in the political culture of this period which was appeared more clearly in a later time trough some modernist periodicals such as Kaveh, Ayandeh and Iranshahr.

One of the theories given in the phenomenology of revelation is that of Sorush called prophetic dreams. The theorist has viewed Divine revelation as the Prophet`s accounts of his dreams. In the present research, the theory has been studied with regard to theorist`s explanation, consequences and reqiremnts regardless of any other negative consequences. The most notable objection against the theory seems to be the lack of sufficient reasons for its main claim of viewing revelation as dream. When justifying the theory, the theorist has comitted neumerous fallacies such as the confusion of relation, irrelevant reason, hasty generalization and may not be taken as being of necessary comprehensiveness in referring to the Quranic sources and structural analysis. In addition, it opposes the theorist`s other theoris like the Prophetic experience. The theory neither has what claimed by the theorist nor gives a solution in the field. Again, it causes new problems like lack of a reason for the authenticity of the dream-like.

The theory asserting that the Quranic words and structure have been the outcome of Revelation is the dominant theory among Muslim scholars. This issue has been paid attention to in discussing the reality and quality of Qur'anic revelation since the beginning of revelation and the emergence of Qur'anic commentary and debate. However, some contemporary writers, in a strange view, believe that the Qur'an is the product of a spiritual encounter of the Prophet Muhammad in a dream world in which some truths were revealed to him and later he presented those truths in Arabic rhetoric and structure. This descriptive-analytic library study, relying on five groups of Qur'anic verses that explicitly or implicitly consider the Qur'anic text and words as well as the verbal structure of the Qur'an like its contents, as being revealed from God, tries to reinforce the claim that the doctrine of revelation of Quranic words is a solid theory and can be approved by Qur'anic verses, and the claim saying that Quranic revelation is dreamlike is incompatible with a large collection of verses.

In some hadith sources there is a hadith about forbidding pollination of date-palms and has been attributed to the holy Prophet, may peace and blessings be upon him. Dr. Sorush holds this as a scientific error of the Prophet. The author of the present paper has a critical view of this hadith both by document and content. He argues that there is no trace of such a hadith before the third century. Some believes that this hadith has been made up by some rulers of the time to justify the separation of religion from material world. The content of the hadith contradicts the holy Quran and does not agree with the Prophet’s knowledge about the pollination of flowers. Since it’s not a reliable hadith, it can not be regarded as the Prophet’s scientific mistake.

Mirza Mohammad Ali Vafa Zavarei- an active member of Seyyed Shafty" s association-after some ups and downs in his life, composed a Tazkereh,which contains some information about the life of more than 50 poets of that association and selection of their works. It also deals with the historyof that century, the problems of Isfahan, and some points about the govemer of that time-Seif al Dowleh Mohammad Mirza Soltan-who was one of the most important subjects of his praising. Also it contains some infonnation about Seyyed Shafty"s most famous memorial-Masjed Seyyed -including its design, building and completion, and also some information about the life of some poets, such as the method of Sorush"s education, which.is only dealt with in this Tazkereh. The style of Tazkereh is not uniformand involves some ups and downs in the selected poems.

Madayeh-e Mo’ayediyah attributed to Shams al-Ma’ali Eshaq b. Ahmad of Shiraz has reached us as an exquisite manuscript kept under No 2637 in the Central Library and the Documents Centre, Tehran University. This work, which comprises verses in honour of Tahmasb Mirza Mo’ayed al-Dowleh, has many literary and historical benefits one of which is that it contains names of the poets and samples of their poetry not mentioned in other memoirs of poets. In the Madayeh there are qasida s (odes) that though composed by Ahmad Veqar of Shiraz and Sorush od Esfahan, have not entered their printed collections of poetry (Divan). One great advantage of the Madayeh is that it helps emend Ahmad Veqar’s verses not properly recorded in his printed Divan.

The Signs of the Mithraism which prevailed in Iran before the emerging of Zoroaster are observed in literary works and especially epic poems. The evidences show the relationship between Pishdadian and Kianian dynasties and the "Mehr cult". The kings of these two ancient dynasties worshipped the moon and the sun and elements generalities before Zoroaster according to Birooni's Asar-al-Baghiyeh.By studying of Ferdowsi's Shahnameh and some Pahlavi texts one can deliver evidence based on the relationship between kings such as: Fereidoon; Jamshid; Siavosh and Keykhosrow and "Mehr cult". Among these the story of Keykhosrow is related to the birth and ascension of Izad Mehrs myth. The birth of this king who is considered as the most goo'd-natured fabulous king of Iran at a dark night and his birth and growth among shepherds is related to "Mehr" in terms of shepherds' care and presence. His prayer before the sun and his washing customs before praying resemble Mehr rituals. Also his ascension to sky and the scared dinner - customs or "Izad Mehr" ascension are the facts which refer to Mithraism.This research tries to study Keykhosrow's personality in Shahnameh using ancient researches and ancient religious texts considering their relationship to "Methraism".