Economic Sanctions mean civilian actions that have undesirable effects on transfer of goods, services or capital to a particular country. Sport is also not an exception in Iran. Thus, the present study aimed to investigate the effect of Sanctions on Iran sport. This was a field study using a mixed method. The sample included the experts of management and sport (n=92) in qualitative and quantitative phases. A researcher-made questionnaire was used to collect data and its validity and reliability were confirmed. The exploratory factor analysis in SPSS software and confirmatory factor analysis in Amos22 software were used. The results indicated 5 significant factors resulting from Sanctions in sport including financial problems, knowledge and technology, international interactions, marketing and economics. The results of confirmatory factor analysis showed the construct validity of the questionnaire. Based on the obtained results, it is obvious that authorities should pay special attention to solutions offered in economic sectors, interactions, attention to production and privatization especially the economic and income-generating infrastructures in the sport sector in order to develop sport which could be the key to tackling this issue.

In last years, one of the main challenges facing the Iranian economy has been economic Sanctions. These Sanctions have been imposed for various reasons and have been aimed at influencing various economic sectors of Iran. Accordingly, management of the hazard of economic Sanctions is one of the most important priorities of policy makers. Therefore, the purpose of this study is classify various types of economic Sanctions based on the nature and source of Sanctions, and then these Sanctions are ranked according to the hazards that affect the Iranian economy. For this purpose, using the fuzzy AHP method and the opinion of experts and experts, the hazards of economic Sanctions against Iran are estimated based on two criteria: "imposed costs on economy" and "ability to bypass Sanctions". According to the results, United Nations financial-banking Sanctions with 56 percent, UN oil Sanctions with 21 percent, EU financial-banking Sanctions with 15 percent, and EU oil Sanctions with the highest hazards of Sanctions The Iranian economy. They had a total of more than 78 percent of the total threat of Sanctions against Iran. On the other hand, a variety of Sanctions imposed by the United States include a total of 15 percent of the hazard of Sanctions. As a result, among all the Sanctions, the importance of UN / EU financial-banking, and oil Sanctions is much more than other Sanctions that should be taken into account in the plans and policies adopted.

The "boycott" was developed in theory as a tool for establishing lasting peace" by the United Nations Security Council but in practice it became a tool for achieving national or regional goals of a particular country or countries. After Barack Obama came into contact with the two way foreign policy of "Call and hold" or engagement and pressure" against Iran new Sanctions were introduced as "smart targeted or crippling Sanctions" The purpose of this two way policy was to change Iran's behavior The US concerns include terrorism- human rights and nuclear activities. The result of such a policy is to avoid dealing with two Iranian nuclear options and a military strike against Iran and the United States with the cooperation of other countries has been making smart Sanctions against Iranian authorities the Islamic Revolutionary Guards Corps militar industries important economic foundations The banking insurance commercial and investment sectors the energy sector including oil gas petrol and petrochemicals included transport and shipping sectors including shipping and airline. In addition to studying the principles and principles of Sanctions in international law this paper examines the process and quality of Sanctions imposed on Iran and- in the end- we have tried to implement the results of the abolition of Sanctions by taking into account the variables of time and The situation is investigated and analyzed.

Iran's labour market suffers from long term economic challenges; yet harsh Sanctions intensified and complicated its problems. At first glance, it seems that Iran labour market was resilient and performed well during severe Sanctions (2012-2019) as the number of employed workforce has increased and unemployment rate decreased while the economy suffered from stagnation, declining investment and high inflation rate. This paper shows that sanction has changed the structure of Iran's labour market; as a great part of workers moved from high valued added activities to lower productivity jobs. Most workers, who lost their jobs in private industries, had to move to low value added services. As the result of Sanctions, low paid and temporary informal employment expanded which in turn exacerbated the challenge of widespread poverty and its related social ills. In large state and semi-state manufacturing companies, the number of workers did not decrease, despite the production decline. So, during 2012-2019, employment could rise at the cost of decreasing productivity. For generating a dynamic labour market, at the first step the Sanctions must be lifted; yet complementary measures such as sound fiscal, monetary and trade policies must be implemented; and the unnecessary rules and regulations that hinder productive investment and pave the way for rent seeking and corruption must be removed to encourage productive investment and creating sufficient number of sustainable new jobs.

Nursing career requires sufficient rules and bases which can support patients, professional and trading rights and excellent performance to achieve its aims properly. Breaching of the above statements, a nurse has committed disciplinary violation and will be reprimanded by law, thus the disciplinary violation will affect the job and administrative status of the nurse. Nurses' disciplinary liability is to do their job honestly and nobly. By describing concepts such as liability, malfeasance, fault, offence of the nurses' disciplinary liability and its homogeneous in England and France laws literature has been defined. Subsequently, the most important issues in nurses' disciplinary liability and its Sanctions have been investigated.

Since the Islamic Revolution in 1979, Iran has been affected by economic Sanctions imposed by Western countries especially the U. S. From 2006 and with increasing Iranian nuclear standoff with P5+1 group, the United Nations has frequently imposed economic and financial Sanctions against Iran. As a result of these international restrictions and their management by an international organization, Iran's exports have been heavily reduced. Given the Sanctions on the oil industry in Iran and the lack of a comprehensive model of export performance of Iranian petroleum products in the Sanctions period, this research can help improve and develop this industry in international markets. The research method is phenomenological and the statistical population includes export and marketing managers and oil industry experts. Non-probable sampling and snowball sampling method was used in this research. In this qualitative study, semi-structured in-depth interviews were used to gather information and 7 in-depth interviews on saturation law were conducted. Structural, internal, interpretive and descriptive validity were used for validation. For surveying reliability, revision while coding and surveying by another informed person were used to insure correct coding. This research uses a qualitative study to determine the effect of returning Sanctions on the export performance model of Iranian petroleum products. After open, pivotal and selective coding and the use of Atlas quality software, the background of Iran's oil products export performance in Sanctions are: market orientation, company resources, marketing mix, macro environment and items of Iranian oil products export performance in sanction includes: financial performance, customer satisfaction and customer retention in sanction situation. Most of the previous studies have focused on positivism and quantitative research methodology while we used the qualitative and mixed method in this research.

The purpose of this article is to identify US media tactics in order to counteract with it and mitigate the impact of Sanctions on Iran. In this regard, the question raised was, what kinds of media tactics does the United States use to enhance the effectiveness of Sanctions on citizens and officials of the Islamic Republic? The findings of the study led us to tactics such as gossip, mental imagery, morale degradation, exaggeration, and so on. The paper concludes that the Western media has, in some cases, made a serious impact on the minds of Iranian audiences and created problems for the government in the economic and sometimes political spheres. Descriptive-analytical method was used for conducting the study.

Iran's economy in the past three decades has experienced different economic Sanctions including oil embargos and other financial, banking and commercial Sanctions. The Sanctions have had a high impact on various economic indicators in Iran. The aim of this paper is to evaluate the effect of Sanctions intensity on poverty in Iranian economy during the period 1985-2013. Another goal of the study is to show that, despite the claims of the Sanctions against livelihoods (due to the exclusion of food and medicine Sanctions), these Sanctions have led to an increase in absolute poverty, and so on the people, and especially the poorer have been affected. For this purpose, by specifying a Markov-switching model, Sanctions intensity, along with other macro factors affecting poverty have been investigated. The estimation results of the model have indicated that by increasing economic Sanctions intensity, poverty in Iran has been increased. According to the results of the study, the claim that Sanctions cannot be imposed on the people cannot be accepted, therefore economic Sanctions need to be abolished for human rights reasons.

Background and objective: Iran is one of the countries that has always faced Sanctions and various Sanctions have affected its industries. The success of any industry also depends on the economic, political, and cultural conditions in which it is located. The purpose of this study is to design governance mechanisms in the context of Sanctions in the country's electricity industry. Method: The method of this qualitative research is thematic analysis. The data collection method is field and library and with the tools of interview and documentary review. The participants of the study were experts in the electrical industry who were selected by the non-random snow-sampling method and numbered 15 people. Data analysis was performed by Clark and Brown method. After enumerating the governance mechanism in the conditions of Sanctions from experts, prioritization was done by the methods of hierarchical analysis and TOPSIS. Findings: The research findings showed that the electricity industry is challenged in the economic, cultural and structural fields in the conditions of Sanctions and in this direction it should use different mechanisms in four political, cultural, economic and structural fields. Conclusion: Based on the results of the study, considering the importance of the economic issue in the electricity industry in the context of Sanctions and the lack of economic attitude towards this industry, electricity sales price correction has been identified as the first priority and can be a good mechanism to deal with Sanctions.