Background: Thyme (Zataria multiflora Boiss.) is one of the Iranian traditional spice and it has antimicrobial effect on the pathogenic bacteria which are agents for some current food borne intoxications.Objective: Evaluation of antimicrobial effect of mentioned plant essential oil on STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS in Feta cheese.Methods: The essential oil of this plant was obtained by hydrodistillation and analyzed by GC/MS. Effects of different concentrations of this essential oil on STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS were determined by evaluation of  the microorganism growth on the selective media in laboratory, and these were took place in Feta cheese.Results: Results indicated that 300 and 150 ppm of this essential oil have had the highest inhibitory effect on the growth of STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS and when the mentioned concentrations of  the essential oil were used in combination with cheese starter culture, the counts of the pathogen were decreased significantly below its toxic dose in this kind of food product.Conclusion: The antimicrobial effect of Zataria multiflora Boiss. in 300 ppm was higher than its lesser concentrations and with concern to the control groups, the synergistic effect between the starter and the essential oil is necessary to achieve this inhibitory effect

Milk is considered a nutritious food because it contains several important nutrients including proteins and vitamins. Conversely, it can be a vehicle for several pathogenic bacteria such as STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS. This study aimed to analyze the frequency of genes encoding the nine Staphylococcal enterotoxins (SEs) and enterotoxin gene profiles in S. AUREUS isolates derived from raw bovine milk. A total of 52S. AUREUS isolates were obtained from 246 milk samples of 246 dairy cows from eight different farms in Qom, Iran. On the basis of cultural and biochemical properties as well as by amplification of the 23S rRNA specific toS. AUREUS, all isolates could be identified as S. AUREUS. Of the 52 isolates studied, 80.7% were positive for one or more genes encoding the enterotoxins, and 12 different genotypes were identified. The gene encoding for enterotoxin A (Sea) was the most frequent (16 isolates, 30.7%), followed bySeb (14 isolates, 26.9%) and Sed (8 isolates, 15.37%). Among the genes encoding the other enterotoxins, Seg and Seh were the most frequently observed (8 isolates each, 15.38%), followed by Sej (6 isolates, 11.5%) and Sei (1 isolates, 3.84%). With the recent identification of new SEs, the frequency of enterotoxigenic strains has increased, suggesting that the pathogenic potential of Staphylococci may be higher than previously thought. These results of enterotoxin genes positivity of milkderived Staphylococci constitute a potential risk for consumers’ health.

There is increasing demand for use of natural preservatives such as bacteriocins to control foodborne pathogens in seafoods. This study was performed to evaluate the antimicrobial effects of Nisin on STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS in light and heavy salted silver carp fillets (4 and 8% Nacl). Effect of different concentrations of Nisin (0, 0.15, 0.25, 0.75, 1.5 mg/ml) on behavior of S.AUREUS at unfavourable refrigeration storage temperature (10oC) was determined by evaluation of the bacterial growth in salted fish fillets. The results showed that used concentrations of Nisin had inhibitory effect on the growth of S.AUREUS in light and heavy salted fish fillets compared to the control (p<0.05). This study showed inhibitory effect of Nisin on the growth of S.AUREUS. Therefore it can be considered as a natural preservative in light and heavy salted fish.

Background: The use of medicinal smokes in treatment of many diseases, including infectious microbial diseases, has long been popular in Iran. This study aimed to compare the antimicrobial effects of smoke of Anbar Nasara (donkey dung) extract on STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS and Bacillus subtilis with common antibiotics.Methods: In this experimental study, donkey dung smoke as medicine and antibiotics as a control group were considered. Standard strains of STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS and Bacillus subtilis were cultured in suitable mediums.Anbar Nasara extract was prepared without use of solvent, in order to prevent the antibacterial effect of solvent on microbes. Dilution and disk diffusion test was performed 3 times for each of the bacteria.Findings: The mean of inhibition zone of STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS by Anbar Nasara smoke was significantly greater than the inhibition zone induced by vancomycin; but there was no significant difference between the inhibition zone of Bacillus subtilis induced by Anbar Nasara smoke and ciprofloxacin. Least significant difference (LSD) post hoc test showed that the inhibition diameter of STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS was significantly higher than the Bacillus subtilis. Bacillus subtilis induced higher minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values than STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS; but, Bacillus subtilis induced higher minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) values than STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS.Conclusion: The smoke of Anbar Nasara extract has a significant inhibitory effect on STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS growth; so it can be offered as a medicine.

STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS is one of the main causes of acne in the all of ages. Many drugs are prescribed to treat it. Utilization of water resources in order to secure access to new drugs is the issues that people are always followed. The present study investigated anti- bacterial effect of the serum ofCyprinus carpio and Hypophthalmychthys molitrix against two strains of STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS the causative agent of acne. In this study, different concentrations of the serum of C. carpioand H. molithrix 1.16, 1.32, 1.4, 1.2, 1.8 placed on to nutrient agar and The experimental results of this study were achieved by determining of the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) by serial dilution method, the percentage of inhibition of bacterial growth by using absorbance microplate reader device, minimum bacterial concentration (MBC) and the determination of zone growth by the disk diffusion methodantibacterial activity of the serum was evaluated using disc diffusion on two strains of S. AUREUS. Results of present study indicated that unlike A strain A of S. AUREUS (No.48), strain B bacteria (No.947) was not sensitive to common carp serum compared with the vancomycin antibiotic. Two strains ofS. AUREUS bacteria were not shown sensitivity to silver carp serum. It can be concluded that C.carpio serum as a drug of natural origin can be used to eliminate strain A of S. AUREUS.

Nosocomial infections causes by multi resistant bacteria are a widespread problem،especially in intensive care units (ICU) in hospitals.  Irregular using of antibiotics exhibits resistance in bacterial species and there is a need to search for alternatives products،including natural plant extracts to combat infection disease. Guilan province is one of the most important and valuable places in number and variety of plants for this purpose. In this study antibacterial activity of Sambucus ebulus extracts against STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS ATCC 1341and Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 2785 were studied. Different extracts were obtained form diverse part of plant using solvents such as methanol, ethanol and chloroform.  Antibacterial activities were tested invitro against bacteria by Agar Disk Diffusion method. The results indicated that three extracts of leaf ، flower and fruits of S. ebulus showed inhibition zones against S.AUREUS ATCC 1341 about 10-12mm، 11-14mm and 11-13mm, respectively. By using K2 examination no significant difference were seen from those of controls (p<0.05). Also, no inhibition zones were observed against P.aeruginosa ATCC 2785.  These results showed that the compounds in this plant have antibacterial activity against S.AUREUS ATCC 1341.  This may be due to general physiological different in the membrane constitution of gram negative and gram-positive bacteria. P.aeruginosa ATCC 2785 cell membrane is impermeable to most antibacterial compounds and Sambucus ebulus extracts are not useful against this bacterium.

Background and Aim: Wound infections caused by STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS, substantially have been on the rise in recent years. There have been many reports on antimicrobial and inflammatory properties of rosemary, but no study has been performed on this subject. The aim of this study was to evaluate local effects of rosemary essence on healing of the cutaneous incisional wounds in the rats infected with STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS.Materials and Methods: This study included 45 Wistar male rats with mean weight of 210±10 g. After general anesthesia and making a 1.5*1.5 cm. square wound in the area between the shoulders, 0.5 ml. of the bacterial suspension containing 1.5*106 CFU/ml STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS was applied to the wounds. Then, the rats were divided randomly into three groups of 15; control, rosemary1.5 % and 3% groups. Each group was also divided into 5subgroups of 3 animals. Punch biopsies were obtained from the groups on different days.At the end of the 4th, 8th, 12th, 16th and 20th days, biopsies were taken by a special punch.Results: The results of this study showed that use of rosemary enhanced significantly wound healing and increased the number of macrophages, fibroblasts and blood vessels, and reduced the number of neutrophils in the wound area in the experimental groups compared to those in the control group. Comparison of the number of the colonies of STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS in infected wounds between the groups also showed that use of rosemary led to a significant reduction in colony count in the experimental groups compared to the results of the control group) p<0.01, P<0.05).Conclusion: The results of this study showed that rosemary essential oil can have beneficial effects on the healing of incisional wounds infected with STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS. In order to determine mechanism of action of rosemary essential oil, further studies are recommended.