This paper deals with the performance of a heat pipe SOLAR COLLECTOR. The SOLAR COLLECTOR consisted of an interconnected heat pipe so as to reduce the production cost by using an interconnected heat pipe because all the heat pipes can be evacuated, sealed and tested at once. Performance of a prototype of the heat pipe SOLAR COLLECTOR was experimentally examined, and the results were compared with those obtained through theoretical analysis. The results shown in this paper seem feasible.

Our work focused on an experimental study of a double-glazed SOLAR air COLLECTOR in the BISKRA site. The main objective of our work was to minimize thermal losses forward. The experimental model used is based on addition of second glass and increase in distance between the two panes. The study was carried out for the comparison between the average absorber temperature, glass and the outlet temperature and the efficiency for the single-pane and double-pane SOLAR air COLLECTOR with variable distance (1, 2 and 3cm). Correspond to the three flow rates used. Experimental results showed that the addition of second pane is effective in minimizing forward thermal losses for a SOLAR air COLLECTOR. The obtained results from the experimental readings showed that the minimization of thermal losses forward is a very important factor for improving the performance of a SOLAR COLLECTOR. Experimental results showed that the addition of second glazes is effective in minimizing forward thermal losses for a SOLAR air COLLECTOR.

This paper examines the design, manufacture, and analysis a Gamma-type Stirling engine using the SOLAR parabolic COLLECTOR. The calculation base for designing is so that the size of the SOLAR parabolic COLLECTOR needed to start the engine is not too large. After finishing the design and manufacturing of the parts, the assembled Stirling engine was initially initiated by a 550W electric heater tested in two non-insulated and insulated conditions for different input power. In the non-insulated state, the Stirling engine has a maximum power of about 68. 69W with an output of 12. 66%; and insulated mode of Stirling engine maximum watts with an output of 15. 72% was obtained. Then we constructed a SOLAR parabolic COLLECTOR based on the power of the heater used. Designing the COLLECTOR is such that it has the ability to reflect around 550W. Thus, the diameter of the COLLECTOR is 1m and its depth is 12cm. This SOLAR parabolic COLLECTOR provides the power needed by the engine to work during the day. The maximum output power of the SOLAR Stirling engine is about 30W.

This study has examined the use of a cylindrical parabolic COLLECTOR (CPC) and SOLAR panels in the SOLAR still unit for more heating. The results of two different setups were then compared so that the first setup was a simple SOLAR still unit and the second setup was a SOLAR still unit with SOLAR panels and the CPC device. The depth of saline water in the basin was 30 mm. Based on the results, the use of SOLAR panels, thermal elements and the CPC device had a major impact on the amount of water sweetening during the experiments. In this paper, the experiments presented a new method for increasing the amount of water. With regards to the newly presented method, there has been a significant increase in the amount of SOLAR energy absorbed in the whole process of water sweetening. Experiments were performed at 300-watt and 400-watt SOLAR panels and CPC devices with lengths of 1 m and 2 m. The cooling of SOLAR panels was also investigated and compared with the process without cooling.

A new once-through air SOLAR COLLECTOR was modeled and tested. In this SOLAR heater a transpired absorber was used. The cover of the COLLECTOR was double glazed and consists of many slats and assembled in such a way that it formed a stair step fashion and made many slots through which inlet air was sucked into the COLLECTOR. The sucked air is believed to recover part of the sort wavelength radiation absorbed by the glass sheets. Furthermore, the long wavelength emission from the transpired absorber was trapped by the double-glazing cover and could also be captured by the air thus reducing total heat loss. A mathematical model was developed to predict the effects of variations in the input parameters on the COLLECTOR thermal efficiency. The theoretical results showed that the thermal performance of the COLLECTOR was sensitive to air flow rate, ambient temperature, SOLAR irradiance, absorber emissivity variations, Slat length and slot height. The COLLECTOR was tested under a SOLAR simulator over a wide range of air flow rates. The experimental results were in good agreement with the theoretical values. An absorbing efficiency as high as 82% could be obtained. Since the air heater was once through, it is very suitable for grain drying purposes.

Parabolic SOLAR system is a non conventional energy system and in this research work performance of parabolic SOLAR system has been optimized. For this, PAPSC software has been designed and developed to analyse the performance of SOLAR COLLECTOR with and without considering Sun’ s cone angle. Developed PAPSC software reduces human effort and eliminates human error. Various parameters have been calculated to analyse the performance of parabolic SOLAR COLLECTOR; heat gain rates, inlet/outlet temperatures, inner/outer surface areas of absorber pipe, concentration ratios, absorbed fluxes, overall heat loss coefficients, COLLECTOR efficiency factors, heat removal factors, maximum useful energy available from SOLAR radiation, inlet exergies, outlet exergies, exergy gain rates and exergy efficiencies have been found at different modes of orientations of PSC and then optimum conditions have been identified. This work can be concluded as; mode IV gives maximum exergy efficiency (61. 93%) whereas maximum exergy gain rate (2178. 10W) achieves with mode III, exergy efficiency increases when instantanious efficiency decreases but not with instantanious beam radiation, inlet exergy decreases with instantanious beam radiation but not with instantanious efficiency whereas outlet exergy decreases when instantanious efficiency increases but not with instantanious beam radiation. Exergies at inlet and outlet increase with dimensions of parabolic SOLAR COLLECTOR and also with instantanious efficiency but not with instantanious beam radiation.

In this paper, the performance evaluation of a two-way hybrid photovoltaic/thermal (PV/T) SOLAR COLLECTOR was analytically and experimentally carried out. Mathematical expressions for operating parameters in glass to glass and glass to tedlar PV/T SOLAR COLLECTORs were developed and experimentally validated by a glass to tedlar PV/T SOLAR COLLECTOR system. Also the influence of air flow rate on the SOLAR COLLECTOR performance was investigated. The results showed that the glass to glass PV/T SOLAR COLLECTOR gave higher outlet air temperature, cell temperature and thermal efficiency than the glass to tedlar PV/T SOLAR COLLECTOR. However, back surface temperature and electrical efficiency were higher in case of glass to tedlar COLLECTOR. Increasing the air flow rate led to a lower outlet air temperature and a higher electrical efficiency of the photovoltaic module. Maximum experimental electrical efficiency, thermal efficiency and overall thermal efficiency for the glass to tedlar PV module were found to be 10.35, 57.9 and 84.5%, respectively.

The mode of operation of mini parabolic SOLAR panels made of germanium, mild steel, and aluminum are investigated experimentally, as a means of providing heated water on farmland; the process is also modeled. Angular adjustments of the SOLAR COLLECTORs from 70-90o are adopted in order to determine the best material of construction for the parabolic SOLAR COLLECTOR and the angular orientation with the highest heat collection tendency and absorption rate. The highest quantity of adsorbed heat/best heating effect of the SOLAR COLLECTOR is obtained at an angular orientation of 80o for mild steel and aluminum. It is also observed that the parabolic SOLAR COLLECTORs have optimum exposure time, after which the heating rate drops, or there is loss of heat from its surface. The experimental and model estimates, in terms of heat absorption for the mild steel SOLAR COLLECTOR at 70 and 90o angular tilts, shows that the optimum heating time is 40 min while at 80o, it is found to be 50 min.