PARTICIPATION is human right. Its aim is emancipation and self –confidence and so means for mobilization and taking role people in relationships your SOCIAL life. The experience development programs in developing countries has shown that due to ignoring popular PARTICIPATION, failed to achieve desired goals. In frame theoretical and empirical this essay attend to processional and agency elements in micro –level and mesolevel and formulated with constructs SOCIAL capital, personality characters and SOCIAL-economic status. The research methods are documentary and survey. In this study statistical population is people over 18 age old, residence in regions city and rural in central province, that of this population selected sample with size 1648 people. The results of tests showed that in confidence /99 in level meso between variable SOCIAL capital and dependent variable there is significant relation, also In level micro between variable personality characters with dependent variable there is significant relation but there isn’t significant relation between variable SOCIAL-economic status, which combined of variables income, level education, kind of housing and rank occupational; with dependent variable. The results of multivariable analysis showed in scale province variables SOCIAL capital and personality characters explained 39 percent variance dependent variable. This percent for region’s city is 31 and for region’s rural is 47 percent. The path analysis showed effect SOCIAL capital in scale province and regions city and rural is more than personality characters.

This research was conducted to study the effect of gender inequality on SOCIAL PARTICIPATION of women. The method used in this research was Ex-Post Facto and survey method. The statistical population included female students in different fields of faculty of humanities and faculty of training sciences and psychology (Islamic Azad University) Garmsar Branch in 2012-2013.Research instruments included the researcher- made questionnaire which. In the review of theoretical fundamentals, legal, SOCIAL and political inequality was regarded as one of the important dimensions and variables of gender inequality considered in the designed theoretical framework and analytical model. Findings indicated that the gender inequality of the students was high and inequality feeling related to variable of legal inequality Were high too. In addition, the conducted study showed that formal and informal PARTICIPATION level of the students was low. There was either no significant relationship between legal, political, SOCIAL and economic dimensions of gender inequality variable and SOCIAL PARTICIPATION variable. Findings also showed significant and reverse relationship with SOCIAL PARTICIPATION regarding political dimension of gender inequality.

The present article aims to identify the political and SOCIAL dimensions of women's activism in contemporary SOCIAL change in Iran and seeks to examine their political PARTICIPATION during the victory of the Islamic Revolution and the establishment of the Islamic Republic based on existing documents. Revolutionary posters are a type of political poster that contain features and visual elements related to the nature of the changing of this period. Regarding the few works available on the subject of women's PARTICIPATION in the Islamic Revolution, researchers have analyzed the semiotics of the eight accessible posters. Methodologically as a qualitative research it used SOCIAL semiotics with a focus on the SOCIAL meaning and based on Van Leeuwen's three-dimensional representations. Women's political PARTICIPATION is represented in the form of PARTICIPATION in demonstrations and elections in posters. Although compared to men in terms of quantity, we face a lack of presence, but women in the central positions of the poster, drawn alongside men. The posters contain signs of Islamic ideology, including the hijab, as well as the role of motherhood and intimacy with martyrs, and evoke the role of mother-woman. Therefore, it can be claimed that the posters of the revolution contain indications of new gender relations at this time. In other words, the combination of semantic levels in general shows how the Muslim woman fighter in the revolutionary space and as a SOCIAL active actor under the supportive stands of the revolutionary leader, regardless of gender stereotypes, has the opportunity to participate politically.

Today, active PARTICIPATION of people is one of the most important ways of developing countries. The study is to identify the outcome of SOCIAL PARTICIPATION in Iran sport for all. In this research, qualitative research method and Grounded theory were used. The statistical population of the study was consisted of managers and experts from the Ministry of Sports and Youth and the Federation of Sports for all, and Faculty members. First through the initial studies, the introductory list of effective signs was identified and using a purposeful and theoretical sampling method from 36 deep and semi-structured interviews, after the interview, a theoretical observer from the 27th was obtained. The results of the coding in the open stage showed that 165 initial indications and 28 final signs determine the consequences of SOCIAL PARTICIPATION in Iran's sport for all. Then, in the axial coding stage, the final badges were categorized in 10 concepts and 5 main categories inclusive, general management of general sport, popular sport, active lifestyle, promotion of SOCIAL capital and law development. Therefore, it is recommended to manage general development of sports in the country in order to achieve the above-mentioned consequences.

The study was aimed to analyze the effects of SOCIAL acceptance on women’s political PARTICIPATION in high levels of decision making in post-revolution Iran, in a descriptive-analytic manner. The procedure was divided into two phases. At first, women’s political PARTICIPATION was analyzed in executive, legislative and judicial branches by the help of data collected from the parliament and ministries. Secondly, the relation between women’s political PARTICIPATION and SOCIAL acceptance has been studied. It was disclosed that women’s political PARTICIPATION is relatively low in power structure in Iran. Upon analysis of data, it became apparent that women, because of their different conception of SOCIAL acceptance and gender-based clichés, which are instilled by institutions like families, schools, educational centers and media, consider politics as men’s domain and consequently are unwilling to participate politically in the society. Therefore women’s tendency to avoid political PARTICIPATION is not because of Iran’s SOCIAL constructs but is mainly based on women’s different conception of SOCIAL acceptance. It could be concluded that the first step in women’s political PARTICIPATION is to stop the reproduction of gender-based clichés and identities in the process of SOCIAL acceptance.

PARTICIPATION is one of the main factors of development, especially of sustainable development. But in Developing countries plans and projects of rural development has failure because of not considering this fact. We studied the SOCIAL attitudes and their effects on the rate of SOCIAL PARTICIPATION by using survey method. We chose randomly 190 head of the families of Desheh by using Cochran Formula. To collect the needed data, we have applied questionnaires', interviews and using Spss and descriptive and interpretive statistics proportional with the levels of studied variables and data to analyze. In the finding section, we have measured indicators of SOCIAL PARTICIPATION in subjective and objective levels along with the SOCIAL attitudes including: believing in group working, innovation, fatalism, improvement and progress of village condition and tribalism. Due to finding, we came to this conclusion that: if we have a higher degree of innovation, willing to group working and belief in improvement among villagers, we will have a higher degree of SOCIAL PARTICIPATION. whilst, tribalism and fatalism function as obstacles of PARTICIPATION among villagers. Also multi variant regression showed that belief in improvement, progress and fatalism in order have the most and the least effects on SOCIAL PARTICIPATION.

SOCIAL engagement (also known as SOCIAL PARTICIPATION) is an important topic in different areas of SOCIAL and political sciences. As a group with notable influence, individuals in today’ s world play a remarkable role in making political, SOCIAL, and cultural decisions. A number of factors can contribute to increased PARTICIPATION. These include the role and performance of SOCIAL service centers (SSCs) run by the Welfare Organization. SSCs are public or nongovernmental centers located within communities to take actions required in providing such services. The goal is to support vulnerable individuals or those suffering from SOCIAL problems, including vulnerable women and girls, female heads of households, couples applying for divorce or lacking life skills, street children, children at work, poorly cared-for children, orphans, children who lack access to education, children in divorced families, children with addicted parents and all children who need support or any individual facing personal, family, or SOCIAL crises. A survey was conducted using a valid and reliable questionnaire for collecting data. The statistical population consisted of individuals of ١ ٨ years of age or older living in the two districts of Varamin in ٢ ٠ ١ ٥ . A sample of ٤ ٠ ٠ individuals was prepared using Cochran’ s sample size formula and cluster multistage sampling. The data were analyzed primarily through regression and path analysis. The findings indicated an average SOCIAL PARTICIPATION score of ٣ /٢ ١ in the area studied here, and given the maximum and minimum scores (٥ and ١ , ٣ ٧ respectively) people living in this area have an average-to-upper level of PARTICIPATION. The average performance score for SSCs in the area was ٣ /٣ ١ (max = ٥ , min = ١ ) indicating a generally acceptable level of performance. In addition, a significant relationship was found between SOCIAL engagement and SSC variables, SOCIAL trust, socioeconomic status, gender, income, education, and type of employment, while age and marital status were not connected to SOCIAL engagement. The strongest relation was found between SSCs and the dependent variable. Four variables, i. e. SSC, SOCIAL trust, socioeconomic status, and age were included in a regression equation which gave a coefficient of determination of ٠ ٫ ٣ ٨ ٧ . Therefore, these variables explain over ٣ ٨ percent of variations in the dependent variable.

SOCIAL PARTICIPATION is the key factor of development and SOCIAL trust is one of the most important factores that provids the context of SOCIAL PARTICIPATION. The goal of this research is to survey relationship between SOCIAL trust and SOCIAL PARTICIPATION of Noorabad town citizens. The statistical society is all 16 years and elder persons of Noor Aabad which, according to 1385 statistic are 20800 people. The sample society is 356 people that is achieved by Cookiran formulae. In this research is used random cluster sampling, as at first, Noor Abad is divided into 5 clusters according to SOCIAL and economical features, and then the samples were selected from any clusters randomly. The method of research is surveying and data -collecting instrument is structured questionnaire. Theoretical framework of research is based on Putnam, Aynglhart, Coloman, and Zetompca’s SOCIAL capital theory. The Two-sample independent t-test, Anova test, correlation coefficients (Pearson), stepwise regression and path analysis are used to analysis of data and test of hypotheses. Results of research show that variables of individual trust, institutional trust and gender have a meaningful positive relationship with SOCIAL PARTICIPATION. The most rate of SOCIAL PARTICIPATIONs belong to mans and employees. Regression analysis results show that gender and institutional trust have the most effect on SOCIAL participiation.