The relation of PARTICIPATION with a country’s development has given a new and broad dimension to the issue and it is necessary to prepare appropriate grounds for women’s PARTICIPATION in the society. There is no single theory in sociology that could be employed to explain or elaborate women’s SOCIAL PARTICIPATION in particular in developing countries. Therefore, a specific conceptual framework was designed for this research. This article presents part of the research findings that has been conducted by survey method. The research has been conducted for the purpose of studying the rate of factors influencing women’s SOCIAL PARTICIPATION in Tehran. The research variables include cultural and socio-economic characteristics, values, and the family. The findings indicate a higher than average level of religious-charity PARTICIPATION and low tendency towards other kinds of SOCIAL PARTICIPATION among women. On the basis of the rate of SOCIAL PARTICIPATION, women are divided into four groups: The most passive group of women 38 percent, isolationists 31 percent, cultural activists 14 percent and women with the highest rate of SOCIAL PARTICIPATION 16 percent in the respective society. The structural and family constraints are reported as the most considerable obstructions in the way of SOCIAL PARTICIPATION.

Development experts have distinguished citizenship control as the highest form and degree of PARTICIPATION. In such PARTICIPATION, people have decision-making power in issues that affect their daily lives. The identification of variables that ensure women and men’s ability to control societys affairs is important for the realization of PARTICIPATION. This article aims to identify the different forms of women’s SOCIAL PARTICIPATION and its related factors. It is based on a study that was conducted in the city of Tehran.The analytical framework was assisted by theory application and previous empirical studies. Six forms of PARTICIPATION were identified: civil, SOCIAL support ,cultural-entertainment, local, charity-religious, and revolutionary. Civil PARTICIPATION was the least prevalent among women, while charity-religious PARTICIPATION was the most widespread. In general, the level of SOCIAL PARTICIPATION in Tehran was lower than expected

PARTICIPATION can be defined as a decision making process influencing on life. This term has been used and discussed more or less by other scholars but recently it has got new versions of application. One of the recent versions can be called children's SOCIAL PARTICIPATION which came to existence in recent decades following Children Rights Convention. This fact can be brought into account according to development and accountability related to citizenship. The education based on rights and accountability will be of great advantage toward children SOCIAL PARTICIPATION and is known as a prerequisite for the development of society. In this article, the main attention has been paid to practical PARTICIPATION and citizenship according to a scheme of education and experience. Basically it is believed that Iranian society needs a thoughtful revolution to take advantage of children PARTICIPATION and give them a sense of responsibility.

There is no single sociological theory which can explain the full extent of women"s SOCIAL PARTICIPATION in the developing countries. An analytical framework is developed to serve the objectives of the research. This article presents a summary of most important findings on the types and intensity of women "s SOCIAL PARTICIPATION in the city of Tehran. Factors related to their SOCIAL PARTICIPATION are divided into four groups: values- culture, family, personality and socio-economic characteristics of the individual and her family.. Religious and charity organizations have the highest rate of PARTICIPATION (over the group mean) and the levels of other types of SOCIAL PARTICIPATIONs are much lower. Based on the intensity of SOCIAL PARTICIPATIONs women are grouped into four categories: (1) Absolutely non-participants 38%, (2) Isolationists 31%, (3) Cultural participants 14% and (4) SOCIAL Participants 16%. Structural and family norms are among the most important factors related to low levels of PARTICIPATION.

This research aimed at analyzing research on "SOCIAL media and political PARTICIPATION" in two levels of external and internal research, first of all, to examine the strengths and weaknesses of these studies and then compare them. In this meta-analysis, 17 research (9 external and 8 internal) were studied in three theoretical sections (4 criteria), a method (10 criteria) and a cognitive (2) criterion. The meta-analysis shows that the most important strengths of research, the diversity of theoretical approaches, the use of the integrated theoretical framework, the diversity of the statistical society, the variety of sample selection methods, the use of various statistical tests, and, at the same time, with high statistical power, attention The level of micro analysis, diversity in the SOCIAL media, and attention to the various impacts in the results section And the weaknesses of the researches, the use of some unrelated theoretical approaches and approaches in theoretical foundations, the weak use of the theoretical frameworks defined in the analysis of the findings, the inability to explain the dimensions of political PARTICIPATION in the theoretical discussions, the overcoming of the proof paradigm And the method of scrolling, the inability to use qualitative and combination methods, the lack of consideration of tool validity, the lack of use of statistical tests to determine the normality of the sample size for measuring parametric tests, the disability in indexing From political PARTICIPATION in the questionnaire and achieving contradictory results in the discussion of the type of effect.

SOCIAL innovations in response to solving SOCIAL problems and needs are new and innovative solutions that are more effective, more efficient, or even fairer than previous ones. Charities and NGOs are just one of the actors of SOCIAL innovation. The nature of their innovations is altruistic. These innovation need to more public PARTICIPATION to be success. Successful engagemnt of people in SOCIAL innovations depends on how and why people participate in these event. In this regard, the present study has examined the sociology, psychology and SOCIAL biology in the field of altruism, as well as interviewing by the experts with PARTICIPATION in the good and innovative charities, using the method of thematic analysis to identify the dimensions of public PARTICIPATION in SOCIAL innovation. In the end, the main dimentions of public PARTICIPATION were introduced in SOCIAL innovation, awareness-raising, strengthening the identity and SOCIAL cohesion of the community, facilitating and attracting voluntary PARTICIPATION, learning and enhancing skills, building trust and improving interaction and communicating between main actors as the main dimensions of public PARTICIPATION.

Objectives: We will try to put the theory of SOCIAL capital under an experimental test as the dominant fact in society and also ask the question: is this theoretical approach able to explain the existing fact in the field of SOCIAL PARTICIPATION in Iran or not?Method: The analyzing method is a combination of library and field method, which in field study, citizen's population of ages 15 to the upper, inhibited in Tehran were examined with the use of Kokeran formula, and 653 samples were selected among them. The data collected and analyzed with the use of questionnaire and with SPSS software and the use of descriptive and inferential statistical methods.Findings: SOCIAL PARTICIPATION as one of the component of SOCIAL capital, in ultimate analyze, is favorable in micro level but because of unsuitable fields in macro level, such as centralization, pessimism about the government's functions and..., we cannot expect the formation of SOCIAL PARTICIPATION among people Results: we cannot see reliability between citizens and the government's system, and this point, caused the objective aspect of SOCIAL capital not to form, SOCIAL interaction, and finally SOCIAL PARTICIPATION as one component of SOCIAL PARTICIPATION, won't be accomplished.

PARTICIPATION, membership and co-operation in the NGO's and in collective activities is influenced by several factors. This research is about the impact of SOCIAL trust on the organized PARTICIPATION of people. For this purpose, different theories in the field of SOCIAL PARTICIPATION and SOCIAL trust were studied, and theoretical problem of the research hypothesis, extracted from the theoretical view points of SOCIAL trust and SOCIAL PARTICIPATION were tested by the data gathered through survey method. Geographical area of the research is metropolis of Tehran and statistical research population are inhabitants of Tehran municipality regions: one (up), seven (middle), and seventeen (low) regarding to SES. Sample size is about 300, which are selected randomly by cluster sampling method. The required information gathered by questionnaire, tool. The results indicates that there are significant relationship between the three different forms of SOCIAL trust (including individual, generalized and institutional trust) and organized SOCIAL PARTICIPATION; although the coefficient of multi variables regression indicates that generalized SOCIAL trust and SOCIAL-economic status, among all of the studied variables, are the best predicators for SOCIAL PARTICIPATION.

PARTICIPATION is considered as foundation of civil society and never loses its importance in a society aiming to progress. This study is an attempt to investigate youth SOCIAL PARTICIPATION rate and its relationship with identity and SOCIAL capital. 598 young people of 20-29 years of age in Shiraz, which are selected using multistage cluster sampling, answered the research questionnaire. The respondents were asked about 18 activities as the base for measuring the rate of their PARTICIPATION. The results indicate low level of SOCIAL PARTICIPATION (4.8 activities in average out of 18 activities). Among demographic variables, only education had significant relationship with PARTICIPATION. Those enjoying more intimate communications, more supportive network (consulting and informative support) and believing more in reciprocity norms have more SOCIAL PARTICIPATION. Besides, the youth with strong religious and national identity and modern gender identity participate more. According to the results from the research, when mentality is concerned, the youth are eager to participate, however, low rate of new SOCIAL capital in SOCIAL network that is supposed to act as empowering resource of performance, does not let them participate in practice.