Mohammand Taghi Bahar, Malekoshoara (the poet laureate), was an erudite scholar, a great poet, a committed journalist, and a considerate politician who spent much of his life in political turmoil. Because of his familiarity with and mastery of Classical Persian literature, he was influenced by other poets like Masood Saad Salmani. Bahar, like Salmani,' spent many days of his life in Prison, under torture, and in exile. The present study is an attempt to investigate, from an aesthetic perspective, the similarities and differences between Bahar's and Salmani's habsiats (poetic chronicles of one's life during imPrisonment) in terms of Prison context and problems, the conduct of Prison guards, persecution, torture, depression, frustration, and the poet's chronicles.

Habsyeh (Prison poetry), is considered an important branch of lyric literature. Habsyeh is the expression and shout glory and grief of the poet in the mourning of his freedom; in other words, it is the all view mirror of the repression and bitter days of his imPrisonment.In the history of Persian and Arabic literature, many poets have been sent to Prison (for various reasons such as political, religious, believing, etc) and have felt the taste of imPrisonment and captivity and by their power of expression have recorded their sorrowful and difficult moments.Because of their special nature, Persian and Arabic Prison poems need to be closely investigated of the various aspects such as concepts, descriptions, images, and literary elements. This article investigates apparent description of Prison and internal states in Persian and Arabic Prison poems. In such poems, the poet, in addition to the apparent descriptions of jail (chains, Prisoners, guards, etc.) brings lines and describes his own internal feelings in which he talks of his innocence, freedom, memory, grief, etc.. Therefore,, the writer in this article aims to investigate descriptive themes in Persian and Arabic Prison poems that can be examined form two prespectives (apparent description of Prison and internal states), so that this literary aspect of Prison poems appears in Persian and Arabic literature.

The present study examines communication patterns and interactions as well as informal powers inside the Prison. The importance of informal power can be recognized in its direct impact on formal authority as well as on the social life of Prisoners, including communication patterns, interactions, patterns, and economic equations. The conceptual framework of the present research is based on the qualitative and exploratory understanding of the situation, rather than the use of preconditioned concepts. Goffman and the symbolic interaction theory is a reference framework for this study to understand the logic of informal interactions and communications. The logic of symbolic interaction, language, action frameworks, rites and rituals, identity processes, and the logic of power relations are fundamental concepts for this research, which are considered from the horizons of symbolic interaction thinkers, especially Goffman. The applied research method is narrative research and the data is collected through interview technique. The studied population is the Prisoners in the central Prison of Karaj and I have tried to have a random sample from the list of Prisoners, although, in some cases snowball method has been used due to research purposes. The results of this study reveal that, the common understanding of the Prison atmosphere is a unilateral understanding and the Prison atmosphere is viewed through the legislator's perspective. action formations, in contrast to the formal authority of the Prison, comprise a range of complicity, confrontation, concealment and so on, which can be defined as a forms of resistance.

Background: Exposure to job stress causes deleterious effects on physical and mental health of employees and productivity of organizations.Objective: To study work-related stressors among employees of Prisons of Ilam, western Iran. Methods: In a cross-sectional study conducted from July to October 2013, 177 employees of Ilam Prisons and security-corrective measures organization were enrolled in this study. The UK Health and Safety Executive Organization 35-item questionnaire for assessment of occupational stress was used to determine job stress among the studied employees.Results: Job stress was highest among employees of "correction and rehabilitation center" of Ilam province followed by "Dalab vocational training center." There was no significant relationship between occupational stress and age, work experience, level of education, marital status, sex of employees, and obesity.Conclusion: Employees of Prisons, for their nature of job and work environment, are exposed to high level of occupational stress.

One of the most prominent topics in Iran's criminal law system, under the issue of imPrisonment, is the use of solitary confinement for defendants and criminals, referred to in the Iranian law as "single-player Prison". Although none of the Imams' jurists and Muslim jurists explicitly condemn the legitimacy of solitary confinement, but by examining the legal and legal effects, it can be obtained in order to prove the legitimacy of such imPrisonment to documents such as the generalization of evidence of the absolute legitimacy of imPrisonment, as well as the philosophy of placing the accused And criminals are cited in solitary confinement. However, taking into account the principle of the severity of crimes and penalties, one can not only perceive the general nature of the evidence of the absolute legitimacy of imPrisonment, but also, based on the prohibition of torture and conflict, the legitimacy of solitary confinement with principles such as the principle of human dignity, the principle The criminal offense and the philosophy of punishment can be demonstrated by the lack of legitimacy of solitary confinement.

This article aims to explain the impact of the women's Prison recidivism and recidivism released, using the theories of sociology and social problems such as anomie, labeling, criminal subculture, preferential association to investigate causes Women recidivism, as an important social problem in the community and to provide a way to reduce recidivism of released patients are the focus. The main question of this research is that the factors on recidivism and return to Prison is effective in women. The methodology of this study with the use of questionnaire survey with observation and interviews. The target population is all Prisoners in Rajai Shahr Prison in 1390. The sample of 200 male and female Prisoners were divided into control and experimental record, which was stratified random sampling. Information collected using descriptive and inferential statistics and Pearson tests, and analyzed using SPSS software. Results of this study demonstrated that personal factors such as age, education, And return to the Prison there, also valid statistical tests show that the inverse relationship between the rejection of family and social environment, there are more words in accepting Prisoners from the family and social environment of less freedom is not possible to will be returning.

The Prison poems of Ahmad Shamlou are significantly different from the classical form of Prison literature in terms of structure, function, content, and discourse. In the present research, we have tried to study Ahmad Shamlou’, s Prison poems with an integrated approach using discoursal and semiotic tools. In order to interpret the function of Prison as a punitive tool, we have taken Foucault’, s views and to explain the relationship between power and disciplinary space and Prison punishment, the issue of authority and domination has been briefly discussed based on the ideas of some sociologists and philosophers such as Max Weber and Thomas Hobbes. Lefebvre’, s views on space have been used in the interpretation of Prison environment. The results indicate that unlike the classical Prison poets, Shamlou first discredits the punitive and disciplinary function of the Prison by not admitting the charge and considering the punishment illegitimate. Second, the Prison environment in Shamlou’, s Prison poems is a discoursal space in which the poet has tried to use the dialectical capacity of the space by successively escaping to the outside world, emptying the Prison of its physical and defined identity as an enclosed space, and portraying it as a required developmental experience in the path to achieve the goal.