Shortly after Gulf war (G.W) thousands of war veterans referred with sign and symptoms of an unknown disease called G.W illness. Despite multiple studies undertaken by several non-governmental and governmental centers this illness remains unclassified and can not be coded by international classification of disease (I.C.D). The etiology has not been found and the illness appears to be multifactorial and basically related to use of depleted uranium (D.U) weapons, chemical warfare (C.W) and biological agents. This article reviews this illness and the adverse effects of D.U and B.c.W agents in the G.W battlefields.

Optimization of standard methods of marine compounds leads to acquire chitin and chitosan with highest purity from chitinous wastes and shells with extensive use in pharmaceutical and industrial applications. In this research, Litopenaeus vannamei and Portunus pelagicus shells were used as wastes to extract these valuable compounds. For this reason, two extraction methods were applied for chitin. The first method was deproteinization with 10%NaOH, demineralization with 15% HCL, degreasing with 15% NaOH and decoloration with aceton. While, the second method carried out applying decoloration first with 3% sodium hypochlorite, demineralization by 1M HCL and then deproteinization with 1M NaOH. Chitosan was extracted by deacetylation of acquired chitin. Results indicated that the percentage of extracted chitin from shrimp and crab shells in first method were 75. 3% and 58% and in second method were 30. 26% and 37. 8%, respectively. Therefore, the first extraction method was selected for chitosan isolation. The amount of chitin found in claw and legs of the crab was (58% ± 0. 07) and segments of shrimp body was (81% ± 0. 12) which was higher than the amount of chitin in carapace shells (P <0. 05). The percentage of extracted chitosan from shrimp and crab shells were 29. 3% and 31. 02%, respectively. The degree of deacetylation of chitosan obtained from chitinous shells of two species in this research were 45% (Shrimp shells) and 52. 63% (crab shells), respectively. Use of waste chitinous shells of shrimp and crab species will be useful for both remediation of wastes from environment and increment the manufacture of economically important marine products.

Persian Gulf is the most important Middle East southern region strategic water way that history has regarded by world powers from the most ancient to now. Among regions which know in Middle East as independent and separate geopolitics regions, Persian Gulf provides a geopolitics region single model. Persian Gulf and its islands have many tourism attractions. In addition to oil and gas resources and energy establishments, different oral and industrial aquatics, nice jungles have special beaches that attract thousands inside and outside tourists annually. So developing tourism industry and two – and multi – dimension cooperation reach stable development, in Addison to economical nourishment and regional correlation in Persian Gulf area countries.

The Persian Gulf is located in a strategic situation in the south of Iran. It has a very important strategic condition in the Middle East. This watercourse has been very famous since the ancient times for its important economic and commercial resources in the world. And due to the discovering of enormous resources of oil and natural gas, the importance of this region has increased in the past years. All through the written history of Iran, this Gulf has been called Persian Gulf although occasionally some of the western writers based on colonizing ideas have called it "The Arabian Gulf" and also "The Golf". The present paper argues that based on historical and creditable European and Arabian documents, the name of this Gulf has been Persian since hundreds of years ago. The methodology employed in this research is an analytic and historical approach.

In this work the structure of eddies in the Persian Gulf has been studied, using direct measurements and observations.Using and information records from two Iranian research cruises (Ghods and Ferdows I) have Mt- Mitchell cruises and satellite images, eddies in the Persian Gulf have been recognized. With regard to the interaction between two main circulations in the Persian Gulf, a cyclonic circulation in the southern portion that is driven by density difference from the Strait of Hormuz, and another cyclonic circulation in the north western corner that's driven by Shatt-al-arab and Arvand Roud discharges, the most probability area for eddy formation is the near coastal of Busher Province and the central part of the Persian Gulf. Typical mesoscale eddies with speed of 3-6 cm/s and dominant special scales of about 50 km, which are in the same order as the Ross by radius of deformation in these waters, indicate that baroclinic instability may play an important role in their generation. The transfer of eddies potential energy to kinetic energy is an important process for generating turbulence and instability in the north coastal area near Busher Province.

Destabilizing the security of a region of the two components is due to endogenous and Byrvnza and each of these sets of factors affect one another. In addition to being influenced by the Persian Gulf security policies that are rooted in factors outside the Functioning of the political system but also stabilize or destabilize regional security role is. There are three political systems in the Persian Gulf that have fundamental differences with each other, leading to increased instability in the region has been. This paper attempts to explain the fundamental differences between the political systems of the Persian Gulf, to illustrate the effect of destabilizing the political systems in the region.

Marine sponges with about 107 genuses and more than 15000 species constitute one of the most wonderful marine invertebrates. These creatures with wide variety of biologic compounds has offered unique source of marine bioproducts towards marine researchers and chemists. Persian Gulf is habitant of various marine organisms including different species of marine sponges. The book “Medicinal sponges of the Persian Gulf” offers comprehensive review of marine bioproducts of Persian Gulf sponges. Due to limited information regarding various species of Persian Gulf sponges, list of identified marine sponges of Persian Gulf and Red sea that is presented in the book was collected in collaboration with Dr. Helmut Lehnert from Germany, Dr. Rob Van Soest from Amsterdam university and Dr. Jochen Gugel from Stuttgart university. Derivatives of about 55 genuses and 28 species of Persian Gulf sponges were found to be bioactive through searching medical databases and are reviewed in different chapters of the book. Cytotoxic and antitumor compounds constitute the most products derived from Persian Gulf sponges. The review explores Persian Gulf sponges as a natural pharmacy with potential pharmaceutical derivatives in near future and indicates further need for investigation of Persian Gulf marine organisms’ for bioactive products.