Introduction: The quality of the PROFESSOR-student relationship can be effective on teaching and students` performance. A valid questionnaire can help researchers in this field. The purpose of this study was to investigate the psychometric characteristics of PROFESSOR-Student Rapport Scale. Methods: In a descriptive-correlational study and more precisely, test validation, 497 students of Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences were selected by multistage random sampling method and completed Wilson and Ryan`s PROFESSOR-Student Rapport Scale and Marsh`s Student Evaluation of Educational Quality Questionnaire. The collected data were analyzed using exploratory factor analysis, confirmatory factor analysis, predictive validity and internal consistency. Results: The results showed that the scale has a two-factor structure that explains 62. 15% of the variance. Confirmatory factor analysis also confirmed this structure. The internal consistency of the scale with the calculation of Cronbach's alpha for perceptions of teacher and student engagement was 0. 86 and 0. 92, respectively, and the split-half coefficients were 0. 88 and 0. 92, respectively. Perceptions of teacher subscale could predict the educational quality. Conclusion: PROFESSOR-Student Rapport scale had a good validity and reliability in the sample of medical sciences students and can be used as a precise instrument in this regard.

According to the literature, the process of development and improvement of the cluster is dependent on complete cognitive studies prior to the implementation of the cluster, which leads to the identification and resolution of problems and facilitates constraints that prevent the achievement of productivity in the cluster. This study carried out a field study using a phenomenographic approach to identify problems and cluster constraints of carpet industry in Sistan and Baluchestan province. The study cluster includes many number of private and public companies involved in this field, known as beneficiaries, and more than 6, 000 workforce and weavers. Phenomenographic analysis shows that, in terms of beneficiaries, structural and behavioral social problems, cluster activities limit the achievements of the achievement. In addition, the constraints of the province in the successful implementation of the cluster have caused difficulties at higher levels. Finally, the study ends with the presentation of the outcome space and applied concepts and studies.

It is with great sadness that we announce the death of Dr. Reza Gharib, PROFESSOR of Pediatrics at the Shiraz School of Medicine. Dr. Gharib passed away on March 8, 2017 in the United States, due to a massive pulmonary embolism. His untimely death is a great loss, not only for his family but also for the Iranian medical community, particularly his former students, medical residents and colleagues...

Surveys on faculty Causes of neglect toward student ratings can help solve the existing shortcomings. The purpose of this study was to compare the student ratings of faculty with positive attitude and negative attitude towards student ratings in the instructive study 184 faculty members at Ahwaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences (AJUMS) was evaluated. Two instruments, the Attitude towards Student Ratings of Instruction Questionnaire and the Student Ratings of Instruction form, were administered. The ASRI was used to measure faculty attitude towards student ratings, The SRI was used measure students’ perceptions of these teachers’ appeal and their teaching effectiveness. Dates were analyzed by SPSS-15. Results indicate that the overall-agreement group was rated statistically higher than was the overall disagreement group on concern and application of student ratings (4.19 vs. 3.87, P=0.001). The correlation between faculty attitude towards overall agreement on student ratings and their ratings scores was statistically significant. The faculties that agree with student ratings and use opinions of students to reform their teaching methods and education naturally attract student satisfaction and higher scores they receive.

This article compares the theories of the great Islamic and Western philosophers, PROFESSOR Motahhari and Rousseau on social determinism. The purpose of this article is to clarify the differences or possible commonalities in their views on social determinism. Therefore, this research has used analytical-descriptive method, using library studies and examining the works of these two philosophers, to study their arguments and foundations. The research findings show Rousseauchr('39')s basics in the form of a triangle whose base is the originality of society. On the other hand, the principles of Motahari in the negation of social determinism are expressed in the form of five angles, in which the principle of nature has a fundamental role.

The late Dr. Abu' l-Qasem Gorji is among the superb men of science in the contemporary history of Iran and is of towering standing in the academic and seminary communities. Thanks to the potent scholastic credentials he gained from such great masters as Ayatollah Khoee in Najaf-e Ashraf, he was an absolute mojtihid (Islamic jurisprudent) and an authority in seminary studies. He was prominent in academic studies as well and was considered a unique lecturer in theology, fiqh, (Islamic jurisprudence), law and literature. Undoubtedly, it is highly important to introduce the works of this great scholar to the academic community. Hence, the present article introduces and explicates the two works Ayat al-Ahkam and al-Zaria'h ela Usul al-Sharia'h the second of which was corrected and annotated by Dr. Gorji.

Since Ethics is one of the subdivisions of practical wisdom, Islamic philosopher’s view point is very important in explanation of theoretical and practical reason.This paper is going to analyze the distinction between practical and theoretical reason from Haeri’s point of view. In order to finding the roots of his issue, at the beginning we will propose the idea of philosophers like Farabi, Ibn Sina, Qotb- al- din Razi, Mulla Sadra and Sabzevari; then we will have a review on Haeri’s view and his interpretation of Ibn Sina’s one.With finding and highlighting of contradictions and differences in Ib Sina’s view point, He tries to resolve the antinomies undermining in his ideas about distinction between practical and theoretical reason. He also stands against the view of some thinkers, such as Qotb- al-Din Razi, and some Asuliyyin like Mozaffar, and challenges their ideas.According to his philosophical views, Haery also explicates the distinction between propositions of practical and theoretical reason. Moreover, he tries to clarify the meaning of the word ‘reason’ and show that how theoretical reason converts to practical.

Architecture in every school and in every geographic region, reflects its own characteristics as a cultural and social phenomenon. The architecture never has been separated from the historical, economic, social, culture and customs of the society in different and always evolution in society, has also an important impact on architecture. The architecture in the first and second Pahlavi era, was along with the great developments in the field of western architecture besides it was influenced by the ideas and theorical attitudes of western and neighboring countries. Understanding these trends and approaches, would help comprehensive understanding of the architecture of this period and plays an important role on explanation of the effective elements place in the Iranian contemporary architecture. Due to the extensive studies that have been done in this regard in Tehran, it is needed to recognize architectural trends and approaches in different parts of the country. The architectural survey of the North West, given that the area in addition to the being under influence of western architecture, has received profound effects from the architecture of the neighboring countries, could be handy in full understanding of contemporary architecture, especially during the first and second Pahlavi era. The main question in this case study is that what can be the architectural trends and theoretical approaches in the design of public and government buildings within the first and second Pahlavi in the north west of Iran. To answer this, the historical-analytical and descriptive-analytical methods should be used to reach to the desired results which seem to be effects of neighboring countries architecture on the region’ s architecture.

In the planetary rotation of the earth, the term "BIRTH" is formed in any moment and at any time; new ideas are created, many developments and changes come about, and geographical atmospheres with new applications are created. Atmospheres in which new environmentalism, nationalistic potentialities, flaws in democracies, cybernetic atmospheres, de-industrialization, and ethnic movements find new passageways.In the philosophy of geography, Late Dr. Hossein Shokouei is one of those renowned figures and scholars who has had great effects on Iranian geographic arena and who has an invaluable share in changes, developments and dynamism of Iranian geography.Obviously, with regard to continual developments in ideas, opinions, structure of society and governmental ideological systems on the one hand; and changes in natural environments on the other, fundamentalism in the science of geography cannot be fixed and eternal. Changes in principles and boundaries of geography illustrate the dynamism of this science in the atmosphere of thought. In our country, too, geography has not been deprived of these developments and changes in ideas. Not much time has passed since philosophical thoughts and fundamentals of philosophy of Iranian geography have been dealt with.In dealing with the importance of such trends, geographical philosophy and emphasis on political economy have been formed and can particularly consolidate geographers' studies because in the science of geography, both truth and reality are required. Geography is neutralized without philosophy (the fact of its own time) and regardless of political philosophy and its effects on the atmosphere since truths are derived from philosophy and facts from sciences.The aim of this research is to survey the views of Late PROFESSOR Shokouei regarding geography and political philosophy, and the method of study is descriptive--case.Belief in systematic thought in reaching geographic analyses, ideology and policy-making of systems ruling over geographical atmospheres, emphasis on social justice, and removing poverty from the geography of poverty in southern countries are among findings of the trend of political philosophy of this great man in geographical atmospheres.