Nowadays, the field of PROBIOTICS has gained significant attention due to their important role in improving human health. PROBIOTICS are live microorganisms that, when administered in adequate quantities, confer health benefits to the host. These microorganisms can be obtained through dietary supplements or certain fermented foods. . .

Background and aim: Bacterial vaginosis is one of the most common infections of reproductive system, which results from replacement of the hydrogen peroxide-producing lactobacillus species by various anaerobic bacteria. Metronidazole is the choice of treatment for bacterial vaginosis, but it has many side effects. Drug resistance and recurrent occurs in 30-50 % of patients and new treatment options are needed to improve the efficacy of present treatment. PROBIOTICS are recommended for treatment of bacterial vaginosis. Efficacy of PROBIOTICS is discussed here.Method and materials: Electronic databases were searched for scientific publications about PROBIOTICS and bacterial vaginosis. These included: Pubmed, Ovid, Science direct and scopus. 40 publications were selected and reviewed.Results: PROBIOTICS are live microorganisms, including Lactobacillus species, that can be ingested and may beneficially affect the host. The mechanisms of lactobacilli function as anti-infective defenses are still not fully understood. These mechanisms may involve production of antimicrobial factors, maintenance of a vaginal pH of£4.5, enhancing barrier integrity, blocking bacterial adhesion to epithelia cells, improving immune system function producing vitamins and competing with pathogens. PROBIOTICS can be used as probiotic yoghurt or oral capsules.

PROBIOTICS have gained a lot of attention in sport nutrition and even athletes by their utilization have tried to improve their performance. The beneficial microorganisms of PROBIOTICS can play an important role in gut health, and subsequently has a direct impact on general health and nutrient absorption. The best PROBIOTICS for athletes are those that improve athletic performance and recovery. PROBIOTICS supplementation has been effective in reducing muscle pain and fatigue, improving adaptation to exercise, and the function of immune system. This review determined the best probiotic strains for athletes, their benefits, proper dosage, and how to use them in a diet. Also, the latest researches on PROBIOTICS and sport performance were discussed.