Translation occurs when a message is reproduced in a "code" different from that of the original. When a message is transferred from the original "form" into another, the least inevitable difference between the translation and its original will be the change in the "form" of the message. Therefore, every translation, being a true one, can be just an "equivalent" to the original, not "identical" with it, as there can never be "identity" between two messages expressed in two different expressions or codes. The present article is an attempt to discuss the possibility of  "equivalence" and impossibility of "identity" in translation.  

Most discussions produced by scholars in the field of Quran and hadith are concerned with abrogation of the verses of the Quran rather than hadith abrogation. There is no clear and significant discussion concerning hadith abrogation. Yet content of some hadiths found in Shi`i and Sunni sources, indicate that the phenomenon of abrogation can apply to hadith too. No doubt, based on many evidences and examples, its application to the Prophetic hadith is a must, but to the Infallible Imams hadith does not seem to be easy.

This article studies internal developments of Yemen and challenges facing this country in the domestic scene as well as reasons for increasing attention paid to them y he international community. It tries to make a link between Yemen’s internal problems and challenges and its unique geographical status, on the one hand, and their implications for security at the regional and international levels. The authors mostly focus on Yemen’s developments during the first decade of the 21st century, but sometimes to explain better some problems refer back to earlier periods in the 20th century. The authors first advance a theoretical framework, and after addressing internal situation of Yemen, they study the challenges facing the country and the interaction model used by the international community for countering the problems resulted from Yemen’s domestic politics.Finally the authors conclude that Yemeni statesmen intend to use the POSSIBILITIES provided by regional and international powers for changing their society.