Background: Hyperreactio Luteinalis (HL) is a rare condition during spontaneous pregnancy characterized by bilaterally, or in rare cases, unilaterally enlarged ovaries containing multiple self-limited theca lutein cysts, usually associated with high maternal serum LEVELS of human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG) and hyperandrogenic state. Most of the patients require surgical intervention during their pregnancy because of ovarian torsion, preeclampsia, syndrome of hemolysis, elevated liver enzyme LEVELS, and low platelet LEVELS (HELLP), or to rule out ovarian malignancy. However, we can avoid unnecessary surgical intervention with accurate diagnosis of HL by means of laboratory tests and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).Case Report: A 27-year-old pregnant woman with gestational age of 27 weeks was admitted with labor pain and complicated with HELLP syndrome. In ultrasonography, bilateral and multiple ovarian cysts were seen.Conclusion: Reviewing this case suggests a relationship between HL and HELLP syndrome and may help to explain the underlying causes of preeclampsia; HL may be a predictor of preeclampsia and HELLP syndrome in pregnancy.

The purpose of the present study was to investigate the LEVELS of temperature inversion and the effects it causes on the air POLLUTION of Tehran. To this aim, 100 days from 2005 to 2009 which had the highest POLLUTION LEVELS were chosen from five stations. The inversion LEVELS for these days were investigated through Skew-T graphs and the earth pressure plans in the LEVELS of 900 to 300 hecto pascal. The results showed that between 73 to 85.5 percent of the air POLLUTION in the Tehran stations are due to pressure systems and the high level of radiance from earth surface. The level of CO, PM10, SO2, was highest in Azadi station. The level of CO2 was highest in Rey station. The level of O3 was highest in Rey station. Although, the direction of the wind is from west to east but due to invergen as well as the low speed of wind, the wind flow does not influence the weather condition. Also, the spatial distribution of the weather POLLUTION of Tehran showed that the amount of POLLUTION is higher in center and west. In addition, from north to south the level of NO2 and O3 increase and the LEVELS of CO, PM10, and SO2, decrease.

Introduction: In recent years noise has been well known as an environmental POLLUTION. Particularly Its effects will be more serious in some environments including hospitals which patients need a calm and peaceful condition. This study aims to evaluate hospitals noise POLLUTION level.Methods and Materials: This study is a cross-sectional study. Noise measurements were made in all Hospital Wards in a workday and weekend from 8 to 22 by Cel-450 Sound Level Meter. Data was analyzed using SPSS.Results: Mean noise level in Golestan Hospital was 74 dB during studied days. Mean level in all Golestan Hospital Wards was more than 70 dB, while Mean noise level in Fatemeh Zahra Hospital was about 53dB. Most of the noise sources were conversation, medical equipment and central and packaged air conditioner systems.Conclusion: Noise intensity in both hospitals in all wards and most times was above standard and permissible LEVELS. As the sources and level of hospital noise was recognized, we can design an introduction to reduce the noise to meet the standard LEVELS.

Rivers are one of the main sources of water supply for uses including agriculture, drinking and industry. The purpose of present study is evaluation of heavy metal POLLUTION LEVELS (arsenic, cadmium, chromium, copper, lead and zinc) in the water of Beheshtabad River. Water samples were collected from 7 stations during February 2016, May 2016, August 2017, and November 2017. The concentration of total arsenic, cadmium, chromium, copper, lead and zinc elements was determined by ICP-MASS. Descriptive statistics were performed using SPSS software. Also, spearman test was used for investigation of correlation among metals. The average concentrations of arsenic, cadmium, chromium, copper, lead and zinc in water samples were 0. 6± 0. 48, 0. 08± 0. 02, 2. 03± 2. 27, 2. 24± 3. 23, 1. 29± 1. 25 and 17. 08± 19. 25 mg/kg, respectively. According to the results of the metal index, POLLUTION load, POLLUTION assessment, degree of POLLUTION, no significant or severe POLLUTION was found in the water samples of the Beheshtabad River. According to the results, the level of heavy metals in the water of the Beheshtabad River was natural, and to prevent river POLLUTION, discharging wastes from fish farming and household sewage should be prevented.

Introduction: The most important adverse effects of noise on humans have reduced work efficiency and physiological damaging effects such as increased heart rate, high blood pressure, permanent and temporary hearing loss, impaired vision, disrupting the body's balance system, causing nervous disorders and even nervous disorders. Much of the occupational disturbance is due to acoustic vibrations in agricultural mechanization, which is affecting a large number of farmers. In this regard, most of the noise and vibration come from two-stroke or four-stroke engines that are used in lawn mowers, sprayers, pits and more. These high-vibration equipment causes a great deal of damage to their operators. Portable lawn mowers are popular for working in urban and rural areas due to their low cost, low maintenance cost, high maneuverability and affordability. Therefore, the possibility of optimizing the muffler of a small combustion engine for a lawn mower was investigated and studied in the present stud. Materials and Methods: To optimize the existing muffler, geometry of the factory muffler was first redesigned in solidworks 2014 software. Then the optimized muffler, along with the factory muffler exported into ANSYS CFX software and simulated in terms of velocity and pressure distributions. To evaluate the built muffler and compare its performance with the factory standard muffler, the mufflers were then mounted on a DOMA’ s lawnmower model WPGD501 with a 42 cm3 engine volume and tested outdoors in a radius of 5 m. All sound recording tests were performed in steady state at a distance of 1m with a 45° angle and position along the exhaust outlet to reconstruct the user's ear position. A digital thermometer TEM-8820 and a PSA-V01 digital barometer were used to measure the sound pressure and an environment temperature. Results and Discussion: The results showed that at 3000 rpm, the sound pressure level of the modified muffler decreased by 6. 4% compared to the modified muffler. The same decrease in sound pressure level was achieved at 5000 rpm, equal to 4. 5%. The results of this study showed that with increasing engine speed, pressure changes in the muffler had an upward trend. These changes in the modified muffler increased by 0. 02 kPa at 3000 rpm and by 0. 07 kPa at 5000 rpm. According to the outputs of the FFT diagrams, the intensity and amplitude of the output frequencies from the modified muffler significantly decreased almost at most frequencies. Therefore, effective pressure difference (Δ Prms) was used for the further investigations. The results of this study showed that the pressure changes in the muffler had an upward trend with increasing the engine speed. These changes in the modified muffler increased by 0. 02 kPa at 3000 rpm and by 0. 07 kPa at 5000 rpm. Conclusions: According to the results of the present study, by optimizing the internal muffler geometry of the lawn-mowers by installing internal blades and neutralizing the sound intensity inside the muffler, it is possible to reduce the sound pressure level by 4% to about 7% over the original muffler. It is a very simple and inexpensive method for the manufacturers of such engines.

Background and Objective: Noise POLLUTION is an important environmental problem that may cause hazardous effects, such as hearng loss, sleep disorders, hypertension and digestive problems in communities. To prevent these effects, achieving recommended standards of noise POLLUTION measuring in cities is mandatory. This study was aimed to evaluate noise POLLUTION in zanjan city in 2007. Materials and Methods: For measuring environmental noise LEVELS, 64 samples were selected in 2 weeks. They were selected from 16 residential and commercial areas, 4 times daily (morning, noon, evening and night). Noise indices were measured in A weight channel. Measurements at considered stations were gathered using a sound meter apparatus model cel-268.Results: The maximum equivalent sound level, in A weight channel was detected at night from Sadre Jahan crossroad and at day from Sadi crossroad, being 72db and 77.7db respectively. Significant difference was seen between equivalent sound LEVELS of night and noon (P=0.048) and night and evening (P=0.03).Conclusions: It was concluded that Zanjan city noise POLLUTION at both residential and commercial areas is higher than that of international standards in most instances. The results were also similar to the findings of other studies in Iran.