Nowadays, milk tablets are considered favorable due to several advantages, including good taste and chewing PROPERTIES, ease of transport, increased bioavailability, ease of storage, stability of active ingredients and improved functional PROPERTIES. This study seeks to investigate the characteristics of fermented milk tablets in relation to its use as a beverage producing tablet. The effects of effervescent agent contents (0, 20, 40, 50, 60 %) (citric acid, tartaric acid and sodium bicarbonate) on PHYSICAL and sensory PROPERTIES of fermented milk tablets were evaluated. PHYSICAL PROPERTIES, including weight and diameter of the tablet containing different percentages of effervescent agent (i.e.0-60 %) did not differ significantly (P≤0.05). Increasing the level of the effervescent agent (i.e.0-60%) led to hardness reduction, as well as the friability value and dissolution time of this tablet in water. Regarding the sensory PROPERTIES of the fermented milky drink produced by tablets, the appearance, mouth feel and flavor acceptability of fermented milk tablets containing 40 % effervescent agent had the highest significant score (P≤0.05).

Cattle manure is made from liquid and solid waste. It contains the straw and stubble that is used for the cattle bed. Density of the cattle manure is inherently low, which is difficult and costly to transport. Pelleting is one method to solve this problem. The PHYSICAL PROPERTIES of the pelleted cattle manure was investigated in this study. The results showed that by increasing moisture content of the pellets from six to 20 percent, the bulk density of the pellets decreased from 660 to 630 kg/m3 and the particle density of the pellets increased from 1095 to 1583 kg/m3. The force required to rupture the pellets decreased from 61.3 kg at six percent moisture content to 19 kg at 20.0 percent moisture content. Durability of the pellets was variable from 34 to 53 percent in the range of moisture content and was maximum at 10 percent moisture content. The pellets could absorb a maximum of 8 percent moisture during 24 hours from air with 80 percent relative humidity.

Introduction: The development and empowerment of any society depend on the sound health conditions of the individuals living in that society. In fact, the two factors of health and development are interrelated in a sense that the existence of one gives rise to the other. That is why the present study aims at assessing some PHYSICAL health indexes among secondary-school male students ranging from twelve to fourteen years old in Gachsaran, Iran. The study was carried out during the academic year of 2009-2010. Materials and Methods: This is a descriptive research study. The variables assessed in this study include:  PHYSICAL growth like height and weight, health status of vision, hearing, mouth and tooth, as well as that of the vertebral column. For the purpose of this study, 1000 boys with the age range of twelve to fourteen years old, i.e. from the first to the third grade of secondary high school, were randomly selected for the assessment. The selection was based on multistage sampling. The instruments used for data collection include a questionnaire and observation record sheets. As for the PHYSICAL examinations, several instruments were utilized as follows: measuring tape, weighing scale, Snellen chart, tuning fork, flashlight, spatulas and disposable gloves.Results: Regarding the assessment of PHYSICAL growth, the median values for weights and heights of the subjects in all age groups were lower than the median point of NCHS. Generally, the weight of 4.6% of the students was below the third percentile of the NCHS chart, 29.2%, fell between the third and the fiftieth percentiles, 54.3% between the fiftieth and the ninety seventh percentiles and 11.9% of their weight was found to be higher than the ninety seventh percentile of the NCHS chart. As for the findings related to the height, 3.2% of the students were shorter than the third percentile of the NCHS charts, 32.6%, fell between the third and fiftieth percentiles, 52.3% between the fiftieth and ninety seventh percentiles and 11.9% were taller than the ninety seventh percentile of the NCHS chart. The results of assessing visual conditions show that 25.8% of the students with glasses had at least one eye with less than 0.9 visual acuity. Regarding the hearing status, the findings show that 8.4% of the students subjected to whisper test were found to have hearing loss in either one or both ears. In relation to health status of teeth, the findings indicated that 72% of the students participating in the present study had decayed permanent teeth. Concerning the vertebral column, the results indicate that 6.8%, 2.4% and 3.9% of the students in this research had scoliosis, lordosis and kiphosis, respectively. As for demographic specifications, it was found that there was a significant correlation between DMFT index and the fathers’ education as well as the number of children in the familyConclusion: The results of the present study show the importance of paying more attention to students’ dental health, nutrition, PHYSICAL education and health status of visual, hearing and skeletal systems.

In this paper, the thermal PROPERTIES including molar heat capacity, CP, thermal conductivity, λ, and thermal diffusivity, αD, of the pure PHYSICAL solvents sulfolane (SFL), N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF), dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO), ethylene glycol (ETG), choloroform (CCL3H), acetonitrile (CH3CN), and pure chemical solvents monoethanolamine (MEA), diethanolamine (DEA), triethanolamine (TEA), methyldiethanolamine (MDEA), 2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol (AMP) which all are extensively used in natural gas refinery processes were measured at temperatures ranging from (303.15 to 353.15) K and atmospheric pressure. All experimental measurements were carried out by using a PSL Systemtechnik instrument in which transient hot-wire method was employed to measure transport PROPERTIES, λ and αD. All obtained data were correlated by using empirical linear temperature function with a very good correlation coefficient, better than R2=0.99. Among the solvents tested in this paper, except for TEA, the thermal diffusivity decreased by increasing temperature and also except for TEA and ETG, thermal conductivity decreased with temperature.

PHYSICAL PROPERTIES of four common Iranian varieties of canola seeds (Hyola, Okapi, Orient and SLM) were evaluated as a function of their moisture contents. The average seed length and thousand seed mass varied linearly from 1.925 to 2.262 mm and from 3.06 to 4.84 g, respectively. The average diameter, geometric mean diameter, and sphericity varied non-linearly from 1.475 to 1.911 mm, 1.625 to 2.02 mm and from 0.82 to 0.93, respectively in a moisture content range of 5.27 to 23.69% wet basis (w.b.). Among the varieties, Hyola had the highest values for length, diameter, geometric mean diameter, sphericity and thousand seed mass at all moisture levels. Maximum and minimum values of bulk density were obtained for SLM (738.8 kg m-3) and Hyola (666.06 kg m-3). The filling and emptying angles of repose ranges were determined as 25.37-28.54o and 25.48-28.68o, respectively. At all moisture content levels, the static coefficient of friction was the greatest against rubber (0.372-0.460), followed by plywood (0.358–0.449), galvanized iron sheet (0.301–0.419) while fiberglass sheet (0.260-0.414) while the least for glass sheet (0.253–0.392). Among the four canola varieties, Orient and SLM showed respectively the least and the greatest static coefficients of friction at all moisture levels studied.