Celiac disease is an autoimmune disorder that affected 1% of all population in United State. Classic manifestations of disease consist of early childhood diarrhea, malabsorption, steatorrhea and growth retardation but disease can affects adult at any age. In adult anemia is a more frequent finding. This patient was a 40-year-old lady with progressive fatigue and lower extremities pitting edema. Iron deficiency anemia and celiac disease were diagnosed on the basis of low serum ferritin, elevated serum level of IgA endomysial and tissue transglutaminase anti-bodies and histologic findings in small bowel biopsies. PERICARDIAL EFFUSION in her evaluation was detected incidentally. Asymptomatic PERICARDIAL EFFUSION in this patient was only detectable with imaging. After starting of gluten free diet and iron supplement fatigue, peripheral edema and PERICARDIAL EFFUSION on echocardiography decreased. It should be noted that asymptomatic PERICARDIAL EFFUSION may be seen in adults with celiac disease.

The incidence of PERICARDIAL EFFUSION in untreated hypothyroidism is reported to be 30% to 80%. The study of PERICARDIAL EFFUSION in primary hypothyroidism was our objective. 51patients with clinical or overt hypothyroidism and abnormal thyroid function test was admitted to internal medicine ward in Mobasher Kashani Hospital in Hamadan between1995-998. In all patients with clinical or overt hypothyroidism with raised TSH and low T4, echocardiography for present PERICARDIAL EFFUSION was done. In this study 51 patients with hypothyroidism were studied (17 male and 34 female) the mean of age in this group was 47.41 years with minimum 16 years and maximum 75 years. PERICARDIAL EFFUSION was seen in different degree in 29 cases (56.9%). PERICARDIAL EFFUSION in primary hypothyroidism related with severity and duration of the disease. PERICARDIAL EFFUSION may be a frequent manifestation in advanced severe stage and myxedema but a rare association of hypothyroidism in early mild stage.  

Nowadays, the early diagnosis of tumoral diseases is more possible and accurate with multiple diagnostic imaging modalities such as chest X-ray, echocardiography, computed tomography, and magnetic resonance imaging, especially for cardiac tumors which are usually asymptomatic, even in large sizes. In cardiac masses, the patients’ presentations are nonspecific and dependent on the tumor size and site as well as its compressive effect on the adjacent structures. On the other hand, the first and last signs could be sudden cardiac death. However, cardiac masses are either benign or malignant and metastatic in their malignant type, and their definite diagnosis is only possible by surgical tumor resection and tissue biopsy. In this paper, we describe an old patient with severe PERICARDIAL EFFUSION and an unusual intraPERICARDIAL tumor in transthoracic echocardiography, representing a rare case of a giant ectopic thymoma after surgical resection and pathologic assessment.

Pulmonary embolism is a serious complication occurring in different cancers. Patients who have cancer may have complications like brain metastasis or PERICARDIAL EFFUSION, which may change the therapeutic management of pulmonary embolism. In this article, a patient is presented with lung adenocarcinoma resulting in PERICARDIAL EFFUSION. He was admitted with pulmonary embolism and atrial flutter, which made his management difficult.

Introduction: Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH) is a proliferative disorder of histiocytes in multiple organs. Langerhans cell histiocytosis involves bones, skin, lung and other organs.Case Presentation: This study describes a seven-month-old Iranian girl who presented with skin rash and cervical lymphadenopathy.Langerhans cell histiocytosis was suspected when it was associated with anemia, splenomegaly and lytic bone lesions. A skin biopsy confirmed the diagnosis of Langerhans cell histiocytosis. During hospitalization, the patient looked ill with respiratory distress.A chest X-ray showed a ground glass view, and echocardiography showed moderate PERICARDIAL EFFUSION.Conclusions: PERICARDIAL EFFUSION was a rare finding in this case of Langerhans cell histiocytosis. PERICARDIAL EFFUSION in Langerhans cell histiocytosis, which is an unusual presentation, should be considered when the patient experiences respiratory distress.

PERICARDIAL EFFUSION is a common finding in hypothyroidism patients. We had three cases of hypothyroidism with cardiac manifestations of massive PERICARDIAL EFFUSION accompanied by echocardiographic evidence of tamponade. After diagnosis, pericardiocentesis and treatment with hormonal drugs were commenced, as a result of which the symptoms were alleviated. Tamponade is a serious, albeit rare, clinical manifestation of hypothyroidism. It is, therefore, advisable that hypothyroidism be considered in all patients with PERICARDIAL EFFUSION.

Regarding incidence of PERICARDIAL EFFUSION and its side effects, ethiology of this disease were studied in this research. Also cost of pericardiocentesis in diagnosing PERICARDIAL EFFUSION, which is an invasive method, was evaluated.100 patients with PERICARDIAL EFFUSION admitted in heart department of hospital were the subjects of our study. In information, including clinical finding, preclinical examination, echocardiography and perdicardiocentesis were gathered by means of a question form for each patient.Idiopathic, TB, Radiation, Cancer, uremia, trauma, post operation and hypothyroidism ordered by importance were found as primary reasons for incidence of PERICARDIAL EFFUSION.According to our statistical tests, ethiology of PERICARDIAL EFFUSION and pericardiocentesis, ethiology of PERICARDIAL EFFUSION and sex, pericardiocentesis and sex are related consequently.Also, based on these results it seems that pericardiocentesis is a cost-effective diagnostic method.

Background:: Development of fibrinous pericarditis after pericardiotomy is a well-recognized reaction. Within a few post-operative days, the inflammated surface of pericardium begins to fuse to the overlying sternum.Objectives:: Our aim was to assess the prevalence, risk factors, time course and therapy response of PERICARDIAL EFFUSION (PE) after cardiac surgeries in children.Patients and Methods:: PE occurrence was assessed prospectively in 486 children who underwent cardiac surgery for congenital heart diseases by serial echocardiography. Clinical manifestations were observed and response to different therapies was analyzed.Results:: The prevalence of PE was about 10% for all cardiac surgeries. Symptoms were exclusively seen in patients who had moderate to large EFFUSIONs. The mean onset of PERICARDIAL EFFUSION was 11 (± 8) days after surgery procedure, with 87 % (42 of 48) of cases being diagnosed on or before day 13 after operation. The prevalence of EFFUSION after Fontan-type procedures and AVSD repair (29 %, 5 of 17 for both) was significantly higher than other types of cardiac surgeries. Aspirin administration was effective in 77 % and prednisone in 90 % of the cases.Conclusions:: PE may be developed as late as weeks after cardiac surgeries. PE after palliative cardiac surgeries is not uncommon. Low doses of aspirin and corticosteroids are usually effective for treating this complication.

Aims Tuberculous pericarditis is present in only one to two percent of the tuberculosis cases, i. e. considered rare. The disease is responsible for 4% and 7% of acute pericarditis and cardiac tamponade cases, respectively. Moreover, these conditions are associated with hazardous side effects. Thus, timely and precise diagnosis of the disease could prevent such complications. Case report We reported an 85-year-old male case who was referred with clinical signs of breath shortness, cardiac murmur, and swollen jugular veins. Besides, the relevant laboratory findings indicated elevated white blood cell counts (11. 6). In addition, other diagnostic measures, such as thoracic radiography and echocardiography were performed on the patient. Then, the diagnosis indicated a 28mm diameter of PERICARDIAL fluid; accordingly, the patient was selected as a candidate for emergency pericardiotomy. The fluid was drained, and therapeutic medication, as well as antibiotics were administered for the patient. Finally, the patient was discharged with an appropriate general condition. Conclusion A sample of PERICARDIAL fluid was tested using polymerase chain reaction)method for the diagnosis of tuberculosis, which provided a positive result. Considering the dangerous complications of this disease, it is recommended for all patients who could suction severe PERICARDIAL EFFUSION to be tested for this disease.

Cardiac haemangiomas (CH) are rare benign primary tumours of the heart and constitute nearly 2. 8% of primary cardiac tumours. In a-48-year-old female, a cardiac tumour mass over right ventricular out flow area and main pulmonary artery was detected during diagnostic workup for aetiology of recurrent PERICARDIAL EFFUSION. Echocardiograhy and PERICARDIAL fluid findings were non conclusive. Contrast enhanced Computed tomography (CECT) and Positron emission tomography (PET) scan imaging found the exophytic, moderately hypermetabolic, heterogeneous mass lesion posterolateral to main pulmonary trunk. We did partial resection of lesion without cardiac reconstruction and open incisional biopsy through midline sternotomy incision. Histopathological analysis confirmed this as a case of Capillary type of haemangioma of heart.