In the field of linguistics, the concept of PARALLELISM refers to a kind of structural harmony or accordance in form, which is normally perceived by the reader or the listener. PARALLELISM is divided into grammatical and non-grammatical. The former includes PARALLELISM on the level of sentences, phrases and words; and the latter studies PARALLELISM on the level of letter and meaning. Since PARALLELISM creates a kind of harmony or music in language, it is obviously regarded as a device of aesthetics, and also because Quran text is a rich source of aesthetics, our aim in this research is to study different kinds of PARALLELISM including phonetic, grammatical and lexical in Quran.

One of the most important aspects of Hafiz’s poems is harmony between form and sense.Their relationship is so significant that leads Hafiz to widely use the sign system and connotation in his work so that his poetry has the aesthetic form, common meaning as well as hidden and secondary meaning. The present paper aimed to show that Hafiz has used PARALLELISM as signs to increase the meaning.Implication of signs in PARALLELISM involves two forms including the movement of mind which is not in the direction from the PARALLELISM in the couplet towards another word or concept which is not in the couplet; and the words in the couplet which seems not to have PARALLELISM but they are paralleled with a word out of couplet and guide the reader' s mind towards the word. In this paper, the former is called intertextuality and the latter is called hypertext signs; totally, twelve samples were investigated using library research and on the basis of content analysis.

The structure of the sentence serves a fundamental function in the beauty of the literary text and inducing its concepts and themes. The sentence should be combined in a way that the audience position is considered. The vocabulary must be put together in a way that their syntagmatic and paradigmatic reach to ear a harmonic and subtle rhythm and their arrangement reflects the purpose and content of the text. The Al-Ashbah Sermon is one of the remarkable sermons of Imam Ali (as) that in addition to deep meanings and contents is full of structural charm beauties. One of these appeals appearing in this speech is the PARALLELISM Rhythm that came from the frequency of structural equivalents on the surface of the syntactic textures of the sermon text; which ultimately helps to formulate the general music of that text. This research intends to study PARALLELISM Rhythm and its relation with religious meanings and content and its requirements to study its frequency in this sermon with a descriptive-analytical approach to illustrate the unique rhetoric of Nahj al-balagha. This article also tries to take a modest step towards understanding the beauty of the structure and content of this valuable book. The results of this study indicate that both types of PARALLELISM Rhythm (singular PARALLELISM and binary PARALLELISM) are observed in this sermon, although the recurrence of binary PARALLELISM is greater than the singular PARALLELISM.

Introduction: Occlusal plane orientation is an important part of organized occlusion. The ala-tragus plane is considered to be parallel to the occlusal plane while reconstructing occlusion. This study was aimed to determine the condition of PARALLELISM of these two planes in Iranian.Methods and material: In this cross sectional study, 197 patients were examined. The angle between ala-tragus and occlusal plane was assessed by indexed fox plane and the position of Stensen's duct to adjacent molar in maxillary tooth and the position of the dorsal side of the tongue relative to posterior mandibular teeth were also examined by clinical examination. Then two planes were investigated by lateral cephalometry for 23 patients. Deep bite, long face, and with bruxism patients were identified to examine the probable effect of this position in them. The data was analyzed with t-test, Peirson and X2 tests (a=0.05).Results: The ala-tragus line had the tendency to be paralleled with posterior occlusal plane and the mean angle of two planes was 1.77o. In cephalometric measurement, the estimated mean of the angle was 2.96o. In the most of the cases, Dorsum of tongue was above the mandibular occlusal plan. In the half of the cases Stensen's duct was in the occlusal third of adjacent molar.Conclusion: The differences in the mean angles of clinical measurement and cephalometric measurement have been resulted from the differences in two methods. The results allow clinicians to parallel occlusal plan with the ala-tragus line to achieve a natural position for reconstruction of occlusal plan.

The purpose of this paper is to provide a minimalist account of case and agreement within Azeri Turkish DPs. The DP-internal case and agreement in Azeri Turkish has direct bearing on the structural PARALLELISM across syntactic projections of different categories. In comparison to TP-internal agreement, DP-internal agreement has been less studied due to the limited empirical domain in which the possessed-possessor agreement is attested cross-linguistically. However, in languages of the Finno-Ugric family, including Finnish and Hungarian, and the Turkic sub-family such Turkish and Sakha, agreement of the head noun with the possessor obtains in a robust fashion. Azeri Turkish, also called Azerbaijani, a language of the Oghuz branch of Turkic, spoken partly in Iran, displays possessed-possessor agreement within DPs: . . . .

The two-Dimensional Discrete Wavelet Transform (2D-DWT) is widely used in various applications for multimedia data processing, including image and video compression standards. However, this transform is computational intensive than conventional conversions, such as the discrete cosine transform. In this paper, in order to improve the performance of 2D-DWT, we use Single Instruction, Multiple Data (SIMD) set instructions including Advanced Vector Extensions (AVX), Fused Multiply-Add (FMA), and AVX2 supported by most General-Purpose Processors (GPP). These technologies capable to process 256-bit data located in SIMD registers. The AVX technology can process eight 32-bit floating point numbers, while AVX2 processes sixteen 16-bit fixed-point numbers. In other words, it is possible to exploit 8-and 16-way data-level PARALLELISM. In addition, two different way of PARALLELISM, Row Column Wavelet Transform (RCWT) which processes rows and columns separately and Line-Based Wavelet Transform (LBWT) that processes both rows and columns in a single loop are used. Experimental results of different wavelet transform with different image sizes on a GPP show that the speedups of up to 28. 8x yield. Furthermore, LBWT approach improves performance more than RCWT. This is because it uses memory hierarchy structure more efficiently than RCWT approach.

Through a survey on historical and philosophical traces of the phenomenon of "repetition" in the West, this paper deals with the significance and role of rhetorical repetitions in literary texts from the perspective of discourse analysis and translation studies. Addressing the issue of translating repeated elements in texts from a discourse analysis perspective and pointing out the crucial role that proper rendering of such elements can play in relaying the content, style, and diction of the source text (ST) into the target text (TIL to underline the rhetorical significance of repetition, the author presents instances of repetition from the fields of oration, religious discourse, and literature. The paper finally compares portions of a number of published Persian translations of a few literary texts, including parts of a few plays by William Shakespeare, to indicate to what extent the translators have appropriately relayed rhetorical repetitions in the source text to the target text.

The documents registered in notary public offices are not deniable after being signed and must be fully understood by the audience. The closer a text is to automatic language, the easier it is to understand. This is why scientific texts, unlike poetic texts, are free from aesthetic devices. To simplify the texts of official documents in forensic linguistics framework, this descriptiveanalytical research has tried to identify and if possible, rewrite the samples of foregrounding as a feature of literary language which can take the text far from the automatic language and create difficulty in understanding. In order to identify these samples and to show their effects on understanding, (100) documents (50 from the book of sample documents and 50 from the real documents registered in notary public office no. 1479) were considered. The results revealed that foregrounding in these texts is happening through extra regularities by creating PARALLELISM in (1240) samples in phonetic, lexical, and phrasal levels in Arabic and legal terms. The omission of PARALLELISM and rewriting the samples were possible in a remarkable percentage of samples (65. 03%) and these substitutions have caused a significant increase of (40%) in the understanding of (100) clients of the notary public office.

In this article, the aim of the authors is to study the role of repetition in creating music and PARALLELISM in Nimayee poems in the three collections of poems by Mehdi Akhavan Sales: Zamestan, Akhere Shahname and Az Avesta. Accordingly, the researchers have investigated the various manners of repetition in creating PARALLELISM in the poems at three levels: phonological PARALLELISM, lexical PARALLELISM and syntactic PARALLELISM. The present article tries to show that the musical PARALLELISM in Akhavan’s Nimayee poems rises from the phonological, lexical and syntactic repetition. The authors found that their phonological PARALLELISM was based on consonant and vowel repetition in sentences and also linguistic expressions, variety of rhythms and the poet’s innovation in using some Nimayee rhythms. Moreover, the repetition of words in different manners and the use of rhyme and range have created the lexical PARALLELISM in Akhavan’s poems. Finally, employing some figures of speech syntagmatically and paradigmatically have created the syntactic PARALLELISM in this poems.

Based on the theories of Jakobson who believes that a literary text consists of a series of linguistic strategies, this article studies a short poem by Parvin E'tessami, a contemporary Iranian, woman poet. To elucidate how the poet uses structural tactics, the authors throw light upon its grammatical features such as verb forms, syntax, phonetic features achieved by its rhyme pattern, and lexical features including repetitions, synonyms and antonyms. The study shows that these features play an important role in creating a sharp contrast between the two persons involved in the poem and, at the same time, giving more prominence to the poem's content.