The principles and limitations of current imaging modalities are described. It may help to determine the most effective radiologic technique, minimizing the cost of examination as well as the exposure to radiation. It is important to choose the appropriate mo-duality for specific types of orthopedic abnormalities. It is important to reemphasize that conventional radiography remains the most effective tool for demon-starting a bone and joint abnormality. Use of radiological techniques differs in evaluating the presence, type, and extent of various bone, joint, and soft-tissue abnormalities. Therefore, both the radiologist and orthopedic surgeon must know the in-dictation for use of each technique, the limitations of a particular modality, and the appropriate imaging approaches for abnormalities at specific sites. The question; "what modality should I use for this particular problem?" is frequently asked by radiologists and or-thopedic surgeons. Although numerous algorithms are available to evaluate various problems at different anatomic sites, the answer cannot always be clearly stated. The choice of techniques for imaging bone and soft-tissue abnormalities is dictated not only by clinical presentation, but also by equipment availability, ex-parties, and cost. Restriction may also be imposed by the needs of individual patients. Most of the time, the choice of imaging technique is dictated by the type of suspected abnormality. The purpose of this study was to review imaging techniques in Orthopedics.

The present study was designed to assess analgesic effects of propofol on Orthopedics day surgeries. 150 adult patients undergoing Orthopedics day surgeries were randomly divided into 3 groups and allocated to receive either propofol, ketamine or  thiopenal for induction and maintaining anesthesia, after premedication by 1 µg/kg of fentanyl. To evaluate pain and to detect painful stimulation, parameters such as heart rate, systolic and diastolic arterial blood pressure, respiratory rate, pupil size, perspiration, muscle movement, awareness in recovery room, recall during surgery and satisfaction from anesthesia were used. Changes in these parameters were significantly greater in propofol group. We concluded that propofol does not have analgesic effects during anesthesia and must be accompanied by an analgesic like fentanyl or alfentanil and can be used by intravenous bolus method.

Today telemedicine, or eHealth, is an important tool in everyday medical life. In all areas, from the preclinical to aftercare, significant improvements in communication structures have been seen in various eHealth options, which have had significant, positive effects on the quality of patient care in Orthopedics and trauma surgery. Initially, there were several isolated solutions and many small individual projects; however, there was a lack of interdisciplinary and comprehensive systems in all healthcare fields. The German Trauma Society (DGU) together with the AUC GmbH took the lead and paved the way for a modulated, comprehensive, interface-compatible teleradiology system. Nevertheless, there are still deficits across all sectors which, in the future, will need to be optimized by eHealth methods and systems. Overall, there is an effort towards patient-centered solutions (patient empowerment). In Germany, telemedicine has gradually gained acceptance in various sectors and is being used nationwide. Telemedicine has proven itself, especially in trauma networks...

Background: Scientometrics is one of the bibliometrics subsets aiming to study the status of scientific development of scientific and research institutes. This study aimed to investigate the scientific status of orthopedic departments in different universities of Iran using the national scientometrics system of the Ministry of Health in Iran. Methods: This cross-sectional study investigated the researchers and orthopedic departments in different universities of Iran based on the data from the scientometrics system of the Ministry of Health in Iran until the beginning of 2021. All researchers and publications related to Orthopedics, as well as the relationship of these researchers, have been studied part-time and full-time. The number of publications, indexing level, academic degree, and academic position has been also registered and examined through the scientometrics system. Results: This study included 280 researchers from different universities in Iran. The mean number of the published articles was 20. 6± 19. 8. The highest number of faculty members were from Iran (n=27; 9. 64%), Shahid Beheshti (n=26; 9. 28%), Tehran (n=25; 9. 28%), as well as Mashhad and Shiraz Universities of Medical Sciences (n=18; 6. 42%) in descending order. The overall mean values of the H-and G-index were determined at 5. 85± 2. 7 and 9. 3± 4. 2, respectively. Furthermore, the number of citations per published article was obtained at 6. 7± 1. 3. It should be mentioned that Mashhad University of Medical Sciences obtained the highest H-index (9. 6) and G-index (10. 6), respectively. Conclusion: The scientific productions and publications of the Iranian orthopedic academic institutions were similar to those of the international scientific institutes in terms of H-index and number of citations per published article. It is worth mentioning that Mashhad University of Medical Sciences was the leader in this regard.

Background: Exercise preserves mental and physical health and can play a rehabilitation role in chronic diseases. Since recovering after anesthesia and surgery can decrease patients' anxiety and allow patients to play their different role in society and their own life, this study aimed to determine the association between exercise and patient's recovery time after orthopedic surgery in recovery units.Methods: The study was a retrospective descriptive- correlative study on 160 patients who were undergone orthopedic surgery in selected hospitals of Isfahan University of Medical Science at 2005. Data gathering was done using a questionnaire and the standard checklist for post anesthesia intensive care (base on Aldert scale). Data analysis was done in SPSS software using student t test and chi-square test.Results: Results showed that case group (patients who reported doing exercise) had a mean recovery time of 25.57 minute (±13.45), the control group who did not report doing exercise had a mean recovery time of 35.04 minute (± 17.11). There was a significant statistical relationship between doing exercise and recovery time (p < 0.05). Conclusion: Recovery time in patients reported doing exercise was less than patients who did not. Therefore we can conclude that doing exercise is effective in recovery process.