Introduction & Objective: The subcutaneous Mycoses are infections involving the dermis, subcutaneous tissues and adjacent bones. These infections are usually acquired as a result of the traumatic implantation of organisms that grow as saprobes in the soil and plants. These infections developed most frequently among the rural populations of the tropical and subtropical regions of the world. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of subcutaneous Mycoses and their causative agents in Fars province. Materials & Methods: Samples were taken from the patients suspected of subcutaneous Mycoses with sever, chronic, suppurative and non healing lesions who referred to dermatology clinic of shiraz. Samples were cultivated on Sabouraud dextrose agar, Mycosel agar, BHI agar and blood agar supplemented with Chloramphenicole 200 mg/L, Penicillin 200000 IU/L and Streptomycin 0.3 gr/L. The cultures incubated at 25 and 37°C for at least six weeks. Fungal species were identified by traditional methods and chromagar candida media. Results: During three years, 93 patients suspected of subcutaneous Mycoses were enrolled and no cases of deep Mycoses were identified. Other fungal infections such as spergillosis (one case), candidiasis (one case) and nocardiasis (2 cases) were detected. The etiological agents of phaeohyphomycosis and hyalohyphomycosis were isolated by culture in five cases but their infections were not confirmed by direct or histopathological method. Conclusion: Fars province belongs to the tropical areas of Iran and the occupations of most of the people gardening, agriculture and animal breeding, which make them prone to subcutaneous Mycoses. Scarcity of these diseases is the major cause of hidden cases.

Background: Many studies have been conducted on fungal infections which are known as public health and therapeutic problems. Since the prevalence rate of the fungal diseases and their etiological factors are changing over time, the purpose of this study was to identify the prevalence rate of superficial-cutaneous fungal infections (SCFIs) in order to understand the ways of their dissemination, to prevent diseases transmission, to eliminate contamination sources and predisposing factors, and to take appropriate action for their treatment. Materials and Methods: After referral to medical mycology laboratory of Tehran University of Medical Science from 2014 to 2015, the patients were subjected to mycological examinations, and sampling of patients’ lesions was performed. Directsmears were prepared with Potassium hydroxide. Samples were cultured on Sabouraud dextrose agar medium, and species were identified. Results: From a total of 916 suspected patients, 334 cases (36. 5%) had SCFIs. Dermatophytosis was the most prevalent SCFI (55. 7%), followed by cutaneous candidiasis (19%), tinea versicolor (14. 3%), and non-dermatophytic molds (11%). Tineapedis was the frequent site of involvement. Trichophytonmentagrophytes was the predominant species of dermatophytosis. Conclusion: According to the obtained results on the prevalence rate of SCFIs between male and female patients in different age groups and also by taking into account the type of the prevalent fungi and the involvement site of the fungal infection, it is possible to take appropriate action for prevention and treatment of these kind of diseases by using important keys of the results to research etiological and underlying factors involved in these diseases.

In an open study, superficial and cutaneous Mycoses in janbazan, a total number of 273 janbaz confined to the dormitories in Tehran had gone under study. Among these, 104 had suspected superficial and cutaneous infections (38.09%). In total, 23 janbaz were infected with Tinea versicolor (22.2%), 13 case with pityrosporosis (12.5%) and 4 case with Erythrasma (3.8%). The most Common infections appeared to be in ages ranging from 25-29 Years of age (45%). In this respect, dominacy of disease were as follows: T.V. (57.5%), P.O. (32.5%) and Erythrasma (10%). The most prominent location of infection on the body surfaces, due to Tinea versicolor, were neck (31 %), chest (26%), back (26%), arms (8%), axilla (6%) and abdomine (3%). Most common sites being infected with p.a. was The head (100%). Infection with Erythrasma appeared to be mostly on groin (75%) and axilla region (25%). The fungal elements isolated from the media (150 case) were Malassieza in 12 case isolated from bedsheet, 11 case (92%) and physiotherapeutic bed 1 case (8%) persent.      

Introduction: Cryptococcosis is an opportunistic fungal infection mostly in immunocompromised patients. Here we present the immunocompetent case with crypotoccosis.Case Presentation: A 60-year-old man without any history of immunodeficiency or major risk factor of fungal infection, referred to the emergency department with systemic symptoms and low back pain. The patient’s condition gradually deteriorated within days by forming the clinical picture of a multi−system disease and eventually leading to a fatal outcome. The results of skin biopsy, BAL, gastrointestinal biopsy samples and post mortem lung and liver necropsies confirmed the disseminated Cryptococcus neoformans infection in smears and cultures.Discussion: This case emphasizes the need for a high index of suspicion for fungal infections in patients with multi−organ involvements who are unresponsive to treatment. Even without any obvious history or sign of immunodeficiency.