To determine some Mechanical properties of garlic bulb and its cloves, some Mechanical tests was performed on a variety of Talesh local garlic at three levels of storage period with 70-day intervals. Mechanical tests are performed on three levels of loading speed and three levels of storage period. Compressive tests were performed on bulb, cloves, and on cylindrical samples taken from the tissue of garlic cloves. According to analysis of variance based on factorial experiment in randomized complete block design, the value of module of elasticity, maximum force required to rupture and toughness of cloves were measured respectively 2.762MPa to 7.091MPa, 105.043N to 167.27N and 62.358mJ/mm3 to 101.44mJ/mm3 and also the value of young module of elasticity, the maximum force required to rupture and toughness of cylindrical samples taken from tissue of garlic cloves were measured 3.368MPa to 6.981MPa, 12.606N to 25.762N and 0.173mJ/mm3 to 0.33mJ/mm3 respectively. The ranges of value of force required to loosen the bulb, while loading along the height and width direction, were measured 127.023N to 228.001N and 45.52N to 106.97N respectively.

Irregularities are inherent to virtually all fibers, including the conventional textile fibers, the high-performance brittle fibers and newly developed nano-fibers. These irregularities can fall into two main categories: dimensional or geometrical irregularity (external) and structural irregularity (internal). For natural fibers such as wool, diameter variation along fiber length is a typical example of fiber dimensional or geometrical irregularity, while the presence of flaws and defects within a fiber signifies structural irregularity. The irregularities of fibers are bound to have major impact on the Mechanical behavior of fibers. In recent years, there has been a growing awareness of the importance of this particular fiber attribute – fiber irregularity, particularly the within-fiber diameter variation. Instruments have been developed to accurately measure fiber diameter variations. In addition, with the development of computing technology, numerical modeling technique has been applied to examine the impact of fiber irregularity on fiber Mechanical properties. This paper reviews research progress in the area of fiber geometrical irregularity and its effect on important fiber Mechanical properties.

Structural fire safety capacity of concrete is very complicated because concrete materials have considerable variations. In this paper, constitutive models and relationships for concrete subjected to fire are developed, which are intended to provide efficient modeling and to specific fire-performance criteria of the behavior of concrete structures exposed to fire. They are developed for unconfined concrete specimens that include residual compressive and tensile strengths, compressive elastic modulus, compressive and tensile stress-strain relationships at elevated temperatures. In this paper, the proposed relationships at elevated temperatures are compared with experimental result tests and pervious existing models. It affords to find several advantages and drawbacks of present stress-strain relationships and using these results to establish more accurate and general compressive and tensile stress-strain relationships. Additional experimental test results are needed in tension and the other main parameters at elevated temperatures to establish well-founded models and to improve the proposed relationships. The developed models and relationships are general, rational, and have good agreement with experimental data.

The purpose of this paper is to determine Mechanical properties of Basalt/Epoxy composites. Test samples were unidirectional composite samples which they are tested according to ASTM D790-96 standard test method by a universal testing machine. Ultimate strength, modulus of elasticity and fracture energy of bending samples are gained. Then pay attention to conditions of unidirectional samples and doing tensile tests on samples, transition coefficients to transfer bending properties to tensile and compressive properties are gained. Using bending test results tensile and compressive properties of samples consist of strength and modulus of elasticity are derived.

Wrought aluminum 7075 alloy is hardened by precipitation hardening heat treatment. This alloy is one of the AI-Zn-Mg series with high strength and Mechanical properties which is used in military and aerospace industries. This alloy has a long time heat treatment process. Therefore decreasing the heat treatment time is an important factor from economical view. The main objective of the present work is to reduce heat treatment time by the process which is a combination of duplex ageing and deformation (rolling). This regime involves T-AHA type treatment which is called FTMT process. First and second stages of ageing temperatures are different in this process and rolling is carried out at room temperature. Effective parameters of the process have been studied. The experimental results showed that this kind of thermo-Mechanical treatment has not increased the hardness of alloy 7075 compared with conventional T6 treatment but, this process has reduced the heat treatment time about 58%, increased yield strength about 9% and increased ultimate tensile strength about 5.5%. The elongation of the alloy has not been changed by using this kind of thermo Mechanical process.

This work is conducted to obtain Mechanical properties of microtubule. For this aim, interaction energy in alpha-beta, beta-alpha, alpha-alpha, and beta-beta dimers was calculated using the molecular dynamic simulation. Force-distance diagrams for these dimers were obtained using the relation between potential energy and force. Afterwards, instead of each tubulin, one sphere with 55 KDa weight connecting to another tubulin with a nonlinear connection such as nonlinear spring could be considered. The Mechanical model of microtubule was used to calculate Young’s modulus based on finite element method. Obtained Young’s modulus has good agreement with previous works. Also, natural frequency of microtubules was calculated based on finite element method.

In this research, the properties of structural lightweight aggregate concrete (LWAC) made of local lightweight aggregates in East Azarbaijan-Iran were investigated. Considering Iran earthquake zone, the weight of structures is of high importance. Reducing the weight of building using lightweight aggregates is one of the methods to decrease the harmful effects of earthquake on structures. In this study two different types of lightweight aggregates, Scoria and Pumice, provided from Azarbaijan-Iran, were used in concrete mixes. Mechanical properties of LWAC, including compressive strength, tensile strength, modulus of rupture, modulus of elasticity and stress-strain relationship were studied. In spite of NWC, the results show that at the same conditions, strength of aggregates is the main factor controlling the compressive strength of LWAC. Twenty-seven different concrete mixes with different 28 days compressive strengths varying from 24 to 51 Mpa were used in this study to measure the compressive strength, tensile strength, modulus of rupture, modulus of elasticity and strain at maximum stress which were compared with those of NWC. It was found that for the same compressive strength (24-51 Mpa) the modulus of elasticity of LWAC (10.92-18.77 Gpa) was less than that of NWC (17.53-28.31 Gpa) and tensile strength and modulus of rupture of LWAC was also less than NWC. The corresponding strain of the maximum stress in LWAC was found to be in the range of 2.55-3.78 mm/m, whereas for the same compressive strength, it was at range of 2.28-3.41 mm/m in NWC, this imply to lower modules of elasticity in LWAC compared with NWC.