3Introduction: Metal oxide nanoparticles have unique physical and chemical properties. These components have shown antimicrobial effects against a wide range of microorganisms. In order to improve the physical properties of metal oxide nanoparticles, doping other elements with metal oxide nanoparticles is an effective way. Bacillus cereus is a gram-positive bacteria causing food-borne diseases. In this study, the antimicrobial effects of doped zinc oxide nanoparticles with manganese or iron on Bacillus cereus have been studied. To investigate the synergistic effects of the combined nanoparticles with two common biocides, including hydrogen peroxide and sodium hypochlorite, have been used. Materials and methods: Co-precipitation method was used to prepare nanoparticles of manganese-zinc oxide and iron-zinc oxide. In this method, zinc sulfate and manganese sulfate were used to prepare manganese-zinc oxide and iron sulfate and zinc sulfate are used for Zn-Fe doped nanoparticles. After preparing the sulfate solutions, the sulfate solutions were MIXED and placed in an ultrasonic apparatus at a frequency of 57 kHz for 2 hours at 50º C. Then, it was stirred at 80° C. A solution of NaOH was added until the pH of the solution reached 12. In these conditions, the mixing was done for 30 minutes. The solution was placed at ambient temperature for 18 hours. Then the centrifuge was performed to separate the sediment. Purification was done through washing with distilled water and ethanol. The precipitates were dried in the vacuum oven. In this way, the doped nanoparticles of manganese-zinc oxide and iron-zinc oxide were obtained. The Fourier transform infrared spectrum (FTIR) was carried out by the Perkin-Elmer apparatus of the Spectroma2 MODEl, using a dry potassium bromide tablet at a frequency range of 4500-4000 cm-1. The X-ray diffraction was tested using the Phillips PW1820 from 2º to 80º . Structure of produced nanoparticles was assessed by the HITACHI electron microscope, the H-7500 MODEl, by placing a drop of nanoparticles dissolved in methanol on a special lining with carbon coating and air drying, and performing microscopic images using an electron microscope in 100kv. The bacteria used in this study included Bacillus cereus (PTCC 1665) was purchased from the Iranian Scientific and Industrial Research Center and was transferred to the BHI medium in sterile condition and incubated for 32 hours at a temperature of 32° C. Microbial cells were isolated by centrifugation at 4000 rpm. McFarland's method was used for determining the bacterial population. Dilution was carried out to reach a population of about 106 CFU/ml. Agar disc diffusion method was used for assessing the antimicrobial effect of the doped nanoparticles alone or in combination with tested biocides (hydrogen peroxide, sodium hypochlorite). At first, 106 CFU/ml of Bacillus cereus were inoculated on the surface of Blood Agar. Then, 5, 10, 20, 30, 50, 100 and 200 mg/L of each of the nanoparticles were placed on the surface of the culture medium and then the plates was incubated at 37° C for 24 hours. Inhibition zone was considered as antibacterial activity. In order to investigate synergistic effects, inhibitory fraction index test was calculated. All experiments were performed in three replications. Statistical analyzes were performed using STATISTICA software. Results and discussion: Results obtained from X-ray and FTIR analysis of doped nanoparticles confirmed that co-precipitation is a suitable method for producing doped nanoparticles of zinc oxide. TEM analysis of produced nanoparticles also affirm formation of doped nanoparticles of zinc oxide with manganese and iron. The results of antimicrobial tests showed that Mn-Zn oxide nanoparticles have more antimicrobial effects on Bacillus cereus than zinc oxide (32mm inhibition zone) whereas Fe-Zn oxide nanoparticles cause inhibition zone about 12 mm. In addition, both doped nanoparticles have more antimicrobial effects than zinc oxide nanoparticles alone, resulted in doping process improves antimicrobial properties of zinc oxide. The synergistic effects of synthetic nanoparticles in the combination of two common antimicrobial agents, including hydrogen peroxide and sodium hypochlorite, have been identified. Both nanoparticles show synergistic effects in combination with two tested biocides (especially in high concentrations). A mixture of two biocides with nanoparticles increases their antimicrobial properties. Manganese-zinc oxide nanoparticles with hydrogen peroxide and sodium hypochlorite showed a partial synergistic effect at low concentrations (5 + 20) and a complete synergistic effect at higher concentrations. In the case of iron-zinc oxide, combination of this nanoparticle with hydrogen peroxide and sodium hypochlorite, has complete synergistic effects at high concentration (100 + 200) and at other conditions, shows partial synergistic effects.

Introduction: Sesame is a valuable oil seed crop that has lower yield and input response in comparison to other crops. Because of the less Improved genetic characteristics of sesame in comparison with dominant crops, and the lack of development in management methods and mechanization in sesame have resulted in neglecting cultivation of this plant (Rezvani Moghaddam et al, 2005; Jahan et al., 2012). Several studies have presented useful effects of biological fertilizers on crop yield that, in addition to providing necessary nutrients for plants, they have lower cost and unlike chemical fertilizers do not have adverse effects on the environment. These fertilizers could therefore be helpful in the cultivation of crops such as sesame and restoring them to agricultural systems (Jahan and Nassiri Mahallati, 2012). The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of biological and chemical fertilizers supplying nitrogen, phosphorus and sulfur for the production of sesame.Materials and methods: An experiment was conducted based on a RCBD with three replications at the agricultural research field of Ferdowsi University of Mashhad during the 2012-2013 growing season. Ten treatments that included Nitroxin (1), Biophosphor (2), Biosulfur (3), a double mixture of 1 and 2 (4), a triple mixture of 1 and 2 and 3 (5) and chemical fertilizers of Urea (6), triple super phosphate (7), double mixture of 6 and 7 (8), triple mixture of 6 and 7 and elemental sulfur (9) and a control (10) were applied. For all treatments, 20 ton ha-1 of manure was applied before planting.Results and discussions: The results showed that application of biological and chemical fertilizers was significant on the number of capsules per plant, biological yield, grain yield and oil yield. The number of capsules per plant was the most important component in sesame yield (r=0.87), but the number of seeds per capsule, 1000-seed weight and harvest index were not affected by treatments. Also, seed oil content was not affected by the treatments, so the highest oil yields were gained in treatments which had produced more seeds. In treatment no.9 (multiple mixture of chemical ferilizers of urea-triple super phosphate-elemental sulfur) the biological and grain yield increased by 51.1 and 54.44 percent, respectively, in comparison to the control. Generally, the treatment of a multiple mixture of chemical fertilizers of urea-triple superphosphate-elemental sulfur had the highest number of capsules per plant (107 capsules), biological yield (20,908 kg ha-1), grain yield (3,757.8 kg ha-1) and oil yield (1,674.6 kg ha-1), which had no significant difference with the treatment of multiple mixture of biological fertilizer of Nitroxin-Biophosphor-Biosulfur (treatment no.5). In this experiment, although biological fertilizers did not affect the sesame seed oil percentage (a qualitative feature) because of such reasons as plant characteristics or ineffectiveness of effective microorganisms of biological fertilizers, they increased the quality of the product (oil yield) in parallel with yield.Conclusion: The results showed that, in general, the use of biological fertilizers can increase both growth and yield characteristics of sesame seeds similar to chemical fertilizers. The highest yield of sesame was gained in MIXED treatments of biological and chemical fertilizers. The application of these fertilizers increased leaf area index and improved the ability of plants to grow better and produce more biomass, thereby achieving a higher yield. In general, it can be said that for successful and economic production of sesame, in addition to chemical fertilizers bio-fertilizers can also be used. In addition, this offers long-term benefits such as reducing the input costs, greater sustainability of production and agricultural production and environmental health.

Background: Studying the structural features of successful organizations is evidence of this claim that complementary organizational supportive system is the existence of managerial supportive approaches, desirable styles and patterns of behavior that have a direct impact on individual performance and consequently not to employee turnover. Meanwhile, the quality of the relationship between operational staff and human resources with senior managers of the organization, is a factor affecting the working quality of employees and consequently the emergence of professional work behaviors by employees in order to accept and align individual aims with organizational goals. On the other hand, many subcultures are formed in sports organizations, according to the nature of work; since these organizations are among the human-centered organizations, having an organizational culture that generates commitment and efficiency of employees will play an important role in acting as a successful entity. In this regard, the results of several surveys analyzing the relationship between supportive behaviors and the existence of justice-oriented patterns with staff turnover have shown that the emphasis on the significant role of distributive justice and procedural justice in the turnover tendency, stated that the managers’ fair behaviors promote employee participation in achieving organizational goals and is an important adjusting factor in the decision to turnover or not to turnover. In this study, the pattern of turnover tendency in sports and youth administration based on the role of organizational honesty, culture and commitment has been studied based on the conceptual MODEl; and the goal of the study is to create an organizational supportive driving factors’ pattern of the turnover tendency. Methods: The present research is a Sequential-Exploratory MIXED Method Design type and was implemented in two phases, qualitative and quantitative. The statistical samples of the study. based on the minimum statistical sample required in structural equation research, included (n = 115) employees and executives and staff of sports and youth departments Golestan province who were randomly selected for the purpose of the study. In the qualitative phase of the research, through semi-organized interviews with university professors in the field of management and organizational behavior and staff and senior managers of sports and youth departments (n = 15) using the Delphi method to achieve theoretical saturation. In the quantitative part, with confirming the optimal reliability of the questionnaire items was implemented using Cronbach's alpha method, the modified version of Kim (2007) turnover intention questionnaire, the employee-employer relationship quality questionnaire of Grunig and Huang (2002), the organizational commitment questionnaire of Mayer et al. (1993), as well as a modified version of the Rupp and Cropanzano (2002) Organizational Integrity Questionnaire, which was set as a 5-point Likert scale. Finally, using KMO (Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin) test and Bartlett’ s test of sphericity, in order to ensure the structural validity of latent variables and optimal fit of the research conceptual MODEl, LISREL and SPSS software were used at a significance level of 0. 05. Results: According to the results of the study, the quality component of employee-organization relations (β = 0. 78) and managerial honesty (β = 0. 77) had the greatest impact on the turnover tendency of employees, respectively. But structural analysis of the path regarding the component of quality of employee-organization relations, showed that among the four components: trust level, commitment, satisfaction and control, the occurrence of reciprocal control behaviors with factor load (β = 0. 89), was the main explanatory factor. Also, the output of regression test in predicting turnover tendency showed that the regression coefficient of the quality component of the employee-organization relationship equal to (β =-0. 63). A significant percentage of variance (R2 = 0. 64), given the number of standard error, is explained by the quality component of the employee-organization relationship. Therefore, according to the significance of ANOVA test, the positive and significant effect of this component on the latent variable was explained (F = 11. 67). Analyzing regression coefficient values (β =-0. 53) and variance error (R2 = 0. 57) of the supervisor honesty component also confirmed its significant effect on the latent variable of the survey (F = 17. 26). Conclusion: The quality of employee-organization relations and the honesty of the supervisor had the greatest impact on the turnover tendency, respectively. Also, fair behavior affected the turnover tendency. Not to use the abilities of all employees, lack of vision to improve the type and way of payments and inappropriate actions of managers lead to dissatisfaction and eventually turnover in the organization. Therefore, the adoption and implementation of policies and procedures by senior organizational managers, should be in accordance with motivational (transformational) management methods such as preparing an intimate and professional work environment, justice through fair behavior in the distribution of organizational resources, transparency and clarity of work procedures, equal job promotion opportunities along with participation of all employees in organizational decisions according to their job background, while maintaining the workforce and especially knowledgeable and specialized human resources, preparing the growth and development basis, and minimizing the variables affecting organizational departure and turnover. Background: Studying the structural features of successful organizations is evidence of this claim that complementary organizational supportive system is the existence of managerial supportive approaches, desirable styles and patterns of behavior that have a direct impact on individual performance and consequently not to employee turnover. Meanwhile, the quality of the relationship between operational staff and human resources with senior managers of the organization, is a factor affecting the working quality of employees and consequently the emergence of professional work behaviors by employees in order to accept and align individual aims with organizational goals. On the other hand, many subcultures are formed in sports organizations, according to the nature of work; since these organizations are among the human-centered organizations, having an organizational culture that generates commitment and efficiency of employees will play an important role in acting as a successful entity. In this regard, the results of several surveys analyzing the relationship between supportive behaviors and the existence of justice-oriented patterns with staff turnover have shown that the emphasis on the significant role of distributive justice and procedural justice in the turnover tendency, stated that the managers’ fair behaviors promote employee participation in achieving organizational goals and is an important adjusting factor in the decision to turnover or not to turnover. In this study, the pattern of turnover tendency in sports and youth administration based on the role of organizational honesty, culture and commitment has been studied based on the conceptual MODEl; and the goal of the study is to create an organizational supportive driving factors’ pattern of the turnover tendency. Methods: The present research is a Sequential-Exploratory MIXED Method Design type and was implemented in two phases, qualitative and quantitative. The statistical samples of the study. based on the minimum statistical sample required in structural equation research, included (n = 115) employees and executives and staff of sports and youth departments Golestan province who were randomly selected for the purpose of the study. In the qualitative phase of the research, through semi-organized interviews with university professors in the field of management and organizational behavior and staff and senior managers of sports and youth departments (n = 15) using the Delphi method to achieve theoretical saturation. In the quantitative part, with confirming the optimal reliability of the questionnaire items was implemented using Cronbach's alpha method, the modified version of Kim (2007) turnover intention questionnaire, the employee-employer relationship quality questionnaire of Grunig and Huang (2002), the organizational commitment questionnaire of Mayer et al. (1993), as well as a modified version of the Rupp and Cropanzano (2002) Organizational Integrity Questionnaire, which was set as a 5-point Likert scale. Finally, using KMO (Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin) test and Bartlett’ s test of sphericity, in order to ensure the structural validity of latent variables and optimal fit of the research conceptual MODEl, LISREL and SPSS software were used at a significance level of 0. 05. Results: According to the results of the study, the quality component of employee-organization relations (β = 0. 78) and managerial honesty (β = 0. 77) had the greatest impact on the turnover tendency of employees, respectively. But structural analysis of the path regarding the component of quality of employee-organization relations, showed that among the four components: trust level, commitment, satisfaction and control, the occurrence of reciprocal control behaviors with factor load (β = 0. 89), was the main explanatory factor. Also, the output of regression test in predicting turnover tendency showed that the regression coefficient of the quality component of the employee-organization relationship equal to (β =-0. 63). A significant percentage of variance (R2 = 0. 64), given the number of standard error, is explained by the quality component of the employee-organization relationship. Therefore, according to the significance of ANOVA test, the positive and significant effect of this component on the latent variable was explained (F = 11. 67). Analyzing regression coefficient values (β =-0. 53) and variance error (R2 = 0. 57) of the supervisor honesty component also confirmed its significant effect on the latent variable of the survey (F = 17. 26). Conclusion: The quality of employee-organization relations and the honesty of the supervisor had the greatest impact on the turnover tendency, respectively. Also, fair behavior affected the turnover tendency. Not to use the abilities of all employees, lack of vision to improve the type and way of payments and inappropriate actions of managers lead to dissatisfaction and eventually turnover in the organization. Therefore, the adoption and implementation of policies and procedures by senior organizational managers, should be in accordance with motivational (transformational) management methods such as preparing an intimate and professional work environment, justice through fair behavior in the distribution of organizational resources, transparency and clarity of work procedures, equal job promotion opportunities along with participation of all employees in organizational decisions according to their job background, while maintaining the workforce and especially knowledgeable and specialized human resources, preparing the growth and development basis, and minimizing the variables affecting organizational departure and turnover.

Introduction: One of the phenomena in hydraulic engineering is hydraulic jump that has been studied both theoretically and experimentally. Hydraulic jump causes the flow to lose a considerable amount of energy due to the change in its regime from supercritical to subcritical flow. Since the fluid flows in a conduit may be either of a free type (open-channels hydraulic) or of an under-pressure type (under pressure conduits hydraulic), the hydraulic jump can occur in both situations regarding the type and function of the system. Therefore, it can be said that hydraulic jump can occur in open channels as well as stilling basin. Hydraulic jump can also occur in downward inclined pipes that contain a large air package. Additionally, since the present paper deals with pipelines, the following general statements can be mentioned about them. Pipelines are used to transfer fluids such as water, oil, gas, and wastewater offshore or onshore, either in the form of two-phase or multi-phase flows. In this regard, the importance and function of the flows inside the pipeline must be studied. Export pipelines transfer fluids from platforms or Floating Production, Storage, and Offloading (FPSO ) to the beach and they usually contain gas-condensate or oil with a little water. Infield pipelines transfer flows from the wells or manifolds to the platform or FPSO [Guo et al (2014)]. Offshore pipeline design includes structural, geometrical, and hydraulic designs. In structural design such matters as buckling and collapse during the pipeline operation are considered, and several studies have been carried out regarding these matters. In geometrical design, diameter determination parameters (based on the flow capacity and precise analysis of the flow assurance in the offshore pipelines), and wall thickness (according to the standards) are considered, each of which is somehow related to the flow hydraulics. Therefore, hydraulic design of the pipeline is of utmost importance and problems related to this area must be examined precisely. However, it needs to be considered that most of the studies about hydraulic jump are carried out on channels, open conduits and stilling basin. Flows in open channels can shift from supercritical to subcritical. Such shifts happen very suddenly and appear due to hydraulic jump [Akan (2006), Lauchlan (2005) and Vasconcelos and Wright, (2009)]. Most of the studies about the hydraulic of pipelines that contain multi-phase liquid and gas flows concentrate on the function of flow regimes, pressure and sever slug. Therefore, it can be claimed that there is a lack in studying hydraulic jump in under pressure pipelines with multi-phase liquid-gas flows, because most of the studies are carried out on wastewater transfer lines and open conduits. The present paper, therefore, deals with the numerical analysis of hydraulic jump in the pipelines with two phase water-air flows. To this aim, some experimental information has been taken from Pothof (2011) to verify the accuracy of findings and numerical MODEling. It must be noted that Pothof has worked on wastewater pipelines that function gravitationally, while this study deals with under pressure pipelines in offshore conditions. Methodology: Regarding Pothof's experimental work (2011) which analyzes the occurrence of hydraulic jump, and using its data, the hydraulic jump is then numerically analyzed. In order to analyze the hydraulic jump numerically, roughness values, geometrical properties of the pipeline, and the angles are specified. General characteristics of the submerged pipe are also presented. Some other properties include: diameter=8in, water flowrate=128160kg/hr, air flowrate=32040kg/hr. Pressure loss in the pipelines with multi-phase flows, includes frictional and hydrostatic pressure loss, is calculated based on mixture density and velocity. In hydrostatic pressure loss, it must be noted that since in the horizontal pipelines Δ Z=0, the pressure loss is therefore zero, too. In upward inclined pipelines this value is positive (in line with increasing the total loss) and in downward inclined pipelines it is negative (in line with decreasing the total loss). In order to determine flow regimes semi-theoretically, Taitel and Dukler (1976) MODEled a stratified flow in a pipe as a first step, presupposing that the flow has been stable. Then, they determined how the flow regime was transferred from stratified to other flow regimes. The results of their analyses that are presented in a map for two-phase gas-liquid flow is used in this paper to determine flow regimes in two phase flow. Results and Discussion: Hydraulic jump occurs in open water transfer structures and channels and its behavior and occurrence in such situations is studied precisely. Similarly, it is important to study it in pipelines, because it affects the behavior of the fluid inside the pipeline. When there is a pipeline containing a two-phase water-air flow, it can be assumed that the fluid inside the pipeline might face a hydraulic jump. Predicting such a phenomenon and its effects on pipeline during its working lifetime is a too important issue in the industries that deal with pipelines which transfer multi-phase fluids. Therefore, the present paper studies the occurrence of hydraulic jump in pipelines with two-phase water-air flows. Conclusion: It can be concludedthat based on the hydraulic gradient and the resulted losses, that hydraulic jump occurs when there is some air in the pipeline; and as the experimental researches showed, as the angle increases, the jump height increases, too. In all of the above mentioned analyses except for the MODE in which the angle is 30 degrees, flow regimes, according to Taitel and Dukler are annular mist for A-B, annular mist for B-C, and annular mist for B-D. Regarding what has been said, it can be stated that when total pressure loss in the negative direction (i. e., when the hydrostatic loss overcomes frictional loss) approaches zero, the flow regime might change.

Iran is situated in one of the world's seismic regions and the possibility of destructive earthquakes in most regions of the country has given great significance to recognition of Iranian seismic nature from a seismic and seism otectonic standpoint. Study of the crust and upper mantle velocity structure in the Iranian plateau provides better understanding of its evolution and tectonic history of seism otectonic zones. Crustal velocity structure is used as initial information for various geological and geophysical studies, and therefore it is a basic and important issue in seismology. Receiver functions show Earth local structure response to P-wave vertical arrival approximately beneath of a three-component seismometer and are sensitive to shear-wave velocity impedance. Depth-velocity trade-off in RFs information is causing of inversion non-uniqueness problem, but one can overcome to this limitation by incorporating information from absolute velocity from dispersion estimations and joint inversion of this two data sets. By this, more exact constraints are provided about crustal structure. In this study, crustal velocity structure and Moho discontinuity depth beneath of four broadband stations of Kerman seismological network have been investigated from joint inversion of P-wave receiver functions (RFs) and Rayleigh wave group velocity dispersion. The teleseismic waveformes in time interval more than two years was used to compute RFs from the time domain iterative deconvolution procedure Ligorria and Ammon (1999) which has higher stability with noisy data compared to frequency-domain methods. The 165 desired RFs were computed from these waveforms that have magnitude bigger than 5.5 and have recorded at four permanent stations in epicentral distance 25˚-90˚. To delete high frequencies, Gaussian parameter 1.0 used. For increasing signal to noise ratio, RFs clustered in 10˚ azimuthal and less than 15˚ epicentral distance ranges. Finally, the RFs were stacked. This work performed under software SAC. Due to changes in group and phase velocity of surface waves with depth for different periods and dispersion in these waves and sensitivity of the waves dispersion curve to shear wave velocity, inversion of dispersion curve is an efficient method for determining the average shear wave velocity in a vast region of the depth between two seismic stations. Group velocity dispersion curves were incorporated into our joint-inversion scheme from an independent regional fundamental-MODE Rayleigh waves tomography images for within the 20–80s period range in Iran by Rahimi et al. (2014). Joint inversion of two independent data sets was performed with considering combination weighting parameter appropriate performed from Herrmann and Ammon program (2003). Minimizing standard error between real and predicted data is the criteria for getting to desired final and close to earth real MODEl.The results from this study show that Moho discontinuity boundary is beneath of CHMN station at 52±2 km depth, beneath of KHGB station at 50±2 km depth, beneath of NGRK station at 54±2 km depth and beneath of TVBK station at 52±2 km depth. We used forward MODEling test for error estimation and resulting MODEls accuracy.Relative high crustal thickness in this region compared to other regions of central Iran can be attributed to abut the region to the Sanandaj–Sirjan zone (SSZ) and Urumieh–Dokhtar magmatic assemblage (UDMA) that under thrusting of the Arabian plate beneath Central Iran along the main Zagros thrust fault is caused of thickening. It can also attributed to exist of thick Magma masses in Urumieh–Dokhtar magmatic assemblage and increase the density and relative thickness of the area based on the Isostasy theory.

Background & Aims: The birth of a premature and sick infant leads to a severe psychological crisis for the parents. The birth of an infant is associated with numerous changes in the family function in terms of lifestyle, leisure, and relations of the family members. When an infant is born in need of medical care, these changes are intensified, and the family members experience increased mental pressure. Premature delivery and admission of the neonate adversely affects the emotional state of the mother, and one of the psychological reactions perceived by these mothers is the onset of depressive symptoms. Depressed mothers are faced with several challenges in the care of an inpatient infant, which are considered a risk factor for the deterioration of their mental health and dysfunction. Despite the advances in the quality care in neonatal intensive care units (NICUs) for infants, the psychological needs of their mothers have received less attention. The mothers of the premature infants admitted to NICUs experience various psychological issues (e. g., depression). These issues along with the physical complications of childbirth cause these women not to pay attention to their physical and mental health. Today, the identification and provision of early interventions to prevent and reduce these issues have become a priority of healthcare services in the world. The present study aimed to assess the effect of Fordyce happiness training on the depression of the mothers of the premature infants admitted to the NICUs of the medical centers in Zahedan, Iran. Materials & Methods: This quasi-experimental study was conducted in the spring and summer of 2019 on 80 mothers of the premature infants admitted to the NICUs of Zahedan. The subjects were selected via convenience sampling and divided into two groups of intervention (n=40) and control (n=40). For sampling, the researcher initially referred to the NICUs and identified the mothers of the admitted premature infants. After explaining the research objectives and obtaining written consent, the mothers who met the inclusion criteria were enrolled. The mothers of the control group were enrolled first, followed by the mothers of the intervention group in order to prevent the transfer of information in the groups. Prior to the study, the mothers were asked to complete the demographic information form and Beck depression inventory. The mothers of the intervention group received Fordyce happiness training in groups of 4-5 for six sessions every other day (45-60 minutes). Fordyce happiness training is a program designed to increase the happiness of community members, which consists of 14 cognitive and behavioral elements. In the present study, some of the components of Fordyce happiness training that were appropriate for the sample population were presented and discussed based on examples and experiences. One month after the intervention, the questionnaire was completed again. The control group received no other training than the routine educational program of the hospital, as well as the posttest simultaneous with the intervention group. Data analysis was performed in SPSS version 16 using statistical tests. Results: The minimum and maximum age of the mothers in the intervention and control groups was 15 and 31 years and 18 and 35 years, respectively. Most of the deliveries in the intervention group were natural (65%), and in the control group, the MODE of delivery was equal in both groups (50%). No significant differences were observed in most of the variables between the groups, while the age of the mothers was significantly different between the groups. The analysis of covariance was used for the confounding effect of age, and the results of the analysis of covariance to adjust the effect of the pretest scores and age variable indicated a significant difference in the mean score of depression in the mothers of the preterm infants admitted to the NICU between the groups after Fordyce happiness training (P=0. 0001). Therefore, the implementation of Fordyce happiness training in the intervention group could reduce the mean score of depression in the mothers. The mean score of maternal depression in the intervention group decreased from 23. 72± 5. 81 before the intervention to 11. 47± 3. 17 after the intervention. In the control group, the score increased from 21. 82± 10. 58 before the intervention to 23. 90± 3. 62 after the intervention. However, the results of independent t-test indicated that the mean score of maternal depression before intervention had no significant difference between the study groups (P=0. 32), while it was considered significant after the happiness training in both the intervention and control groups (P=0. 0001). Conclusion: According to the results, Fordyce happiness training could reduce depression in the mothers of the premature infants admitted to the NICU. Although the experience of childbirth is pleasant for the mother, giving birth to a premature infant and the admission of the infant could be an unpleasant experience, adversely affecting the emotional state and of the mother and giving rise to depressive symptoms. In order to maintain and promote the mental health of mothers, in addition to the care of the premature infant in medical centers, the health of the mother of the infant should also be considered. Fordyce happiness training could positively influence the reduction of depression in these mothers. Fordyce happiness training is a type of cognitivebehavioral intervention, which is used to reduce depression. This intervention enables the individual to find a more positive mindset in controlling distressing emotions and thoughts, which in turn enhances the cognition of patients by reducing depression. The reduction of depressive symptoms improves the performance of individuals in responsibilities and duties. The mothers who overcome their issues in this regard are able to participate in the care of the neonate during admission. Therefore, this training program could be implemented alongside family-oriented programs in medical centers, and it is essential to consider programs such as Fordyce happiness training to maintain and promote maternal mental health.

1. Introduction Elegy is one of the most prominent types of literary genres. One of the first structural definitions of elegy is that of Schiller’ s. He describes elegy as a text in which the poet confronts art with the nature and the reality with the ideal and in this way sets his passion for the ideal (Wellek, 1994: 307). This definition goes with most of the masterpieces of the Persian verse. Poets have shown great emotions in literary and artistic terms; but, relying on this definition, it still remains to be questioned whether the most beautiful elegies are the most artistic ones, or the most successful of them are the most idealistic ones, and whether it is possible to measure the purity and intimacy of the passions in elegy merely according to the poet's artistic expression? In this article, we will answer the above questions, while presenting a MODEl for formalistic analysis of the elegy; we will also determine the different examples of the elegy by referring to their linguistic and formalist features. In general, in the analysis of Persian classical elegies, most external factors, such as historical, social and biographical facts have been considered. In this article, the author's attempt is to examine the classical Persian elegy with the perspective of the literary theory of formalism; this method has not, of course, been taken into account in research studies. 2. Methodology This article is done by descriptive-analytical method. First, the most important examples of the classical Persian classical elegies have been chosen and analyzed according to the framework of literary theory of formalism, especially the theory of verbal communication of Jacobson. Accordingly, the orientation of the message in the components of the verbal communication in the elegy is determined and analyzed. 3. Discussion If there is an orientation in the message to the subject or context of the message, we encounter with a narrative or descriptive text. In this type of poetry, at first sight, the referential aspect is dominant in the poetry. The speaker focuses much more on what has happened and when that incident happened rather than how it is expressed. This feature reminds us of the events of the newspapers rather than a literary emotional text. In these texts, the subject is more prominent than the form. So, with we are faced with a kind of historical report and event description, not an emotional propositions. In the latter case, the message orientation may be directed towards the audience. In the cases where the message is directed toward the audience, we are faced with two types of audience. The first is the audience that is alive and the speaker is sure he is listening and the second is the presumptive and the speaker is aware that he does not speak. In this latter type, the method of presenting poetry is like soliloquy. The third MODE of verbal communication is when the message is directed towards the speaker. These elegies are the most emotional ones. Another topic that is important in the analysis of elegy is what the relationship between the poet and the dead person who is often addressed is, and how this relationship is seen in the literal language. The speaker sometimes has to compose and elegy as a compulsory task. Some of court elegies, that is, the elegies written for the death of the king or one of the courtiers, have this feature. On the other hand, the speaker may be one of the close relatives of the dead person. This kind of elegy is called personal or family elegy. Most researchers consider these sorts pf elegies to be the most affectionate and most intimate ones (see Imami, 1990: 50) 4. Conclusion Lyric poetry is one of the most important literary types in Persian poetry. In this type of poem, expressing feelings and emotions is very important. One of the most emotional of this kind is elegy. The emotional depth of an elegy is rather recognizable through its analysis from the point of view of the theory of verbal communication. In elegies, the orientation of the message may be towards the subject, the audience and the speaker. In addition, the poet can, in view of his dominance in expressing feelings in the language of poetry, simultaneously make the messages be oriented towards the message itself. If the orientation of the message is directed toward the subject, the reader encounters a sort of descriptive report; no matter how the poet strengthens his poetic work, the emotion of the latter is often peripheral and less intimate. If the message is oriented towards the audience, either the poet's audience is a hypothetical audience or a deceased person; in the first instance, his discourse is depicted as a soliloquy, and in the latter case, it finds a form of an internal soliloquy. In this latter type, emotional intimacy is more intense than previous ones. In addition, the poet can in the same way address things: in this case, the poet highlights the emotional color of his speech with the element personification and causes the de-familiarization to occur. The most emotional elegies are those that are directed toward the speaker. If the speaker and the deceased are from the same family, the emotional intimacy is highly reflected in the language of poetry; In this kind of elegies, which in this article is called lyric elegies, language has an emotional function and words and phrases are simple and easily understood. In these poems, the poet employs a lot of emotional sentences and repeats syntactic constructs and sentences and emotional words in poetry. These repetitions always carry a kind of music and tone through the language to the audience. In the lyric elegies, the reader also faces metaphors, whose seep structure is the emotional domain of the speaker.

Introduction The solar energy is the source of energy on the planet, one of the most important sources of clean energy, especially in Iran. The correct estimation of solar radiation is considered one of the important parameters in simulating plant growth and the estimation of evapotranspiration is very important. Measuring the intensity of solar radiation, although it has a relatively long history in Iran, due to the high cost, most of the stations in the country are not equipped with a radiation meter, and this defect is even seen in developing countries. Since the prediction of solar radiation intensity in across Iran daily range with GeneXproTools software has not been done so far, due to the wide range of different climates in different regions of the country, this research has been carried out across Iran. Therefore, the ability of the simulation MODEl of GeneXproTools software to predict solar radiation based on altitude, longitude, latitude, precipitation, relative humidity, maximum temperature, minimum temperature, average temperature and solar radiation on a daily basis in 31 stations over Iran. The period from 2007 to 2016 has been taken. Materials and Methods Iran with an average annual rainfall of 241 mm is located in dry and semi-arid latitudes of the planet, between the two meridians of 44⁰ and 64⁰ in the east, and two circuits 25⁰ and 40⁰ in the north. About 94. 84% of its surface is located in arid and semi-arid regions with low atmospheric rainfall and high evapotranspiration. Meteorological stations were selected based on climatic variation in this research. In this way, the study stations were divided into six submergence classification systems, hyper-arid, arid, semi-arid, Mediterranean, humid and very humid (A). Gene expression planning (GEP) is one of the newest methods of artificial intelligence. This is the generalized method of genetic algorithm (GA), which was based on Darwin's theory and invented by Ferreira in 1999 (Roshgar and Mirhidaryan, 2014). In order to compare the results of the gene expression algorithm were defined in the prediction of solar radiation, 8 scenarios are considered based on the parameters affecting solar radiation such as altitude (m), longitude (degree), latitude (degree), precipitation (mm) relative humidity (%), maximum temperature (° C), minimum temperature (° C) and average temperature (° C). Results The main objective of this research is to select the best MODEl for predicting daily average solar radiation in Iran using meteorological parameters. The number of training and testing data for the GEP MODEl is presented in Table 1. Among the data collected, 80% of the data were used for training (total 8000 data, 6400 data from every parameter for every 31 stations) for the MODEl. The experiment was performed for 20% of the data (a total of 1600 data from every parameter for each 31 stations) for the MODEl. Table 1. Training and testing data for study stations for the GEP MODEl Statistical period MODEl Training Testing Total data Training data Total data Testing data 2007-2016 GEP 8000 6400 8000 1600 The performance of the GEP MODEl by evaluating the best fitness fittings, namely RMSE, MAE, NSE and R2, which at best (Best MODE) of the values of best fitness RMSE, MAE, NSE and R2were 1000, 0, 0, 1, and 1, respectively. Comparing the results of MODEl assessment statistics in different scenarios, it was found that in all scenarios, c scenario due to consideration of latitude (degree) parameters, precipitation (mm), average relative humidity (%), maximum temperature (° C), minimum temperature (° C), average temperature (° C), and average solar radiation (MJ. m-2. d-1), the desired prediction has presented. The best MODEl for this study is R2 for training and data testing of 0. 72 and 0. 73, respectively. The GEP MODEl shows the optimal output MODEl as a tree, and also the equation derived from this structure. Since the four genes in this study are composed, each gene has a subtree and its own equation, which ultimately results from the final equation bond function. The final equation is a relation 1. Rs= SUB ET1+ SUB ET2 + SUB ET3 + SUB ET4 = sin((((((2RH)-cos(Tmax))-cos(Tmean))-p)/altitude)) + Tmean + sin(altitude) + ((((altitude + 7. 30)-(2 Tmean))-p)/((sin(-8. 41)+ 5. 76)+atan(Tmin)))) (1) Conclusion From the results of the analysis, it was found that the predicted values ​ ​ are well adapted to the values ​ ​ measured in the Gene Expression Programming MODEl (GEP). In the GEP MODEl, the e scenario is due to the fact that it does not consider altitude (degree), longitude (degree), latitude (degree), precipitation (mm), relative humidity (%), maximum temperature (° C) and minimum temperature (° C), with a lower correlation coefficient and more error and less efficiency. In this MODEl, in the c scenario, with the addition of average temperature, and solar radiation parameters, a more favorable estimation of solar radiation is obtained. The results of the c and e scenarios are very close together, but the e scenario is weaker in the prediction of solar radiation, and the best MODEl in this study is c scenario. More precise results will be obtained when latitude (degree), precipitation (mm), relative humidity (%), maximum temperature (° C), minimum temperature (° C), average temperature (° C) and solar radiation (MJ. m-2. d-1) are predicted for solar radiation. Also, the criteria for assessment under c scenario are higher with R2= 0. 72, RMSE = 3. 59, MAE = 2. 82, and NSE = 0. 72 in the education section of other scenarios. In general, the GEP method has the most accurate results in estimating daily solar radiation in Iran.

Figures of speech in addition to their aesthetic functions have different effects on words. Internal music is one of the effects of figures of speech which can play an important role in beautifying the word and its effect on the audience. The internal music comes with the use of verbal figures of speech. Figures that make words related by similarity or uniformity of vowels and consonants and create sensible alliteration. Categories of palilogy, alliteration, parallelism, pun and riming prose are among the figures of speech that play a major role in creating internal music of the poem. In this study, with a descriptive analytical approach, we discuss the roll of music making factors in Tamhidat as an example of prose poem. The language of Ein ol-Ghozat in Tamhidat is preachy and didactical and in an addressing MODE. Despite the intensity and sharpness of his speech, he speaks simple language with his audience. However, his words are in some cases melodious that influences audience and increases its penetration in the listener. The music of his words is natural so the listener can feel it with his spirit and takes its effect. Well syntagmatic arrangement of words is one of his language features that is based on music and phonemes' melody. This music gives words importance and predominance and makes Tamhida's prose a kind of prose poem. Applying some of the subtle and tiny musical elements such as parallelism (paronomasia /pun) makes the music of book more effective and catching. In other words, harmony of sounds and synchronization through which prose becomes rhythmic and melodious is one of the aesthetic aspects of the mystical prose of Ein ol-Ghozat that arises from his word's music and special intonation, so as human nature accepts it and enjoys reading. This word music is found in the form of alliteration, pun, repetition, and meter in important parts of his speech that sometimes becomes close to prosodic meter. In Ein ol-Ghozat's prose without feeling prosodic meter by listener, a wave of intonation and meter dominates resulted from alliteration and rhyme, and proximity of the number of syllables in every symmetry and perhaps likeness and nearness of the number of syllables in all or parts of the symmetries.Repetition as a key element of the internal music is one of Ein ol-Ghozat's stylistic characteristic. Repetitions are seen in three forms in Ein ol-Ghozat languages. 1-Alliteration, this group consists of various kinds of pun, rhyme, repetition, etc. 2-Parallelism: Repetition of words or phrases. 3- Palilology: Repetition of word: This form is one of the most important and aesthetic repetition in Tamhidat that in addition to making prose integrated, is effective in conveying the concept and content of the message of Einol-Ghozat, as repetition of the words "Alas, " " O’ Friend, " and "O’ Dear" in several phrases has a great influence in stimulation of feeling and inculcation emotion in the reader.Alliteration: One of the most important aspects of aesthetics in the mystical prose of Ein ol-Ghozat are sound harmony and alliteration that can be mainly found in pun/ paronomasia and riming. Usage of rhyme in all Tamhidat is not in the same level.Wherever discussion is didactic and reasoning, it is not generally riming, but where the subject is stories and anecdotes and analogies or becomes emotional, usually is riming.One manifestation of this figure is short sentences and aphorisms, whether the word is quotation of an old or an important person or whether the author expresses his own word.Apart from these, Ein ol-Ghozat has worked other ways to enrich his word's music. The most important of these methods are: • Bringing words that at least their initials are co-voiced. Such as: "Ebtela" and "Emtehan"• Phonemes processing: a kind of internal music is repetition and sameness of consonants and vowels. This figure in some cases, with creating a specific internal music, highlights the phrases and helps to conveying the message and gives pleasure to the audience.• Bringing together words that make a pun is another species of alliteration in the language of Ein ol-Ghozat. This figure of speech is one of the best examples of creating and enhancing music in words or sentences.• Bringing together the co-meter terms is one of other species of alliteration in Tamhidat.• Repetition of words or phrases, are of those categories that is used in the mystical prose of Ein ol-Ghozat and is one of the stylistic features and music making elements of his Word. Repetition in Ein ol-Ghozat's language, sometimes have artistic and rhetorical aspects that helps his prose being rhythmic and is effective in conveying the meaning and intention of the speaker. Ein ol-Ghozat while repeats thoughts and beliefs of the mystics, repeats words and combinations in the various types, so that he not only raises the words' musical level and makes it melodious, but also increases the rhythmic role of his own speaking. Sometimes this repetition in the form of word or phrase in the end of sentence comes symmetrically, it functions like radif in hemistiches and if in the terms of syllables number be long, makes an intonation in the words too.

Introduction Cities are social entities which is similar to living beings and has grown in the course of its evolution, have evolved and changed and reflected many processes such as shelter, security, social interaction and the place of buying and selling goods and services. But in recent decades, we have witnessed the rapid growth of urbanization which has brought bottlenecks, problems and complications. So that the emergence of poverty, disorganization, environmental pollution, etc. has transformed some parts of the city. And a different color and smell from the past that indicates the decline and deterioration of the region It has made it visible and worn it out. In this connection, in order to solve the mentioned problems, Various policies are offered. In this framework, the latest and most accepted intervention approach in the organization of worn-out tissues, regeneration, has been introduced. In this regard, the present research, with the aim of urban regeneration, has tried to investigate and identify the damages resulting from worn-out structures in Zanjan and their types, with an emphasis on the experts' mentality of the damages resulting from worn-out structures. Based on the mentality of the experts, the mental patterns in regeneration are determined and their performance in reducing the damage of the worn tissues is evaluated. . Methodology The current research is applied in terms of purpose, descriptive method and in terms of collected and analyzed data It is of a combined (exploratory) type. In this research, the FMEA technique has been used to evaluate the damages resulting from the worn-out tissues of Zanjan city. Failure MODE And Effects Analysis (FMEA) is a systematic tool that can be used to identify failure MODEs corresponding to specific system components and functions. Which had the following process,-Identification of system failure states (at this stage, failure states are identified using brainstorming, Delphi, etc. methods). 2-Calculating the risk priority number (the degree of criticality is determined by calculating the priority number that has a range between 1 and 1000. The risk priority number is obtained from the product of three factors: the severity of the risk effect, the probability of occurrence and the ability to be discovered). 3-Reducing failure situations (team members try and plan to reduce known failures. Also, Q factor analysis has been used to analyze and extract mental patterns of experts to intervene in worn-out tissues. In connection with the selection of participants, it should be acknowledged that in choosing the number of participants, attention should be paid to the number of Q propositions, so that the participants should be less than the number of Q propositions. In this research, 10 people were selected based on the purposeful method (snowball). The validity of this research has been confirmed by reviewing the theoretical literature and interviewing the participants and their knowledge by experienced professors in the field of population. Reliability has also been checked through retesting, and its value is 80%, which is the desired value. Results and Discussion The investigations carried out in the form of FMEA technique have shown that 24 risks in the form of 8 potential effects have been directed at the city of Zanjan, and the RPN value of all of them is above 300 and clearly reported. Therefore, it should be stated that the damages resulting from worn tissues were at a serious level and urgent measures were needed. In this regard, it has been determined the mental patterns of experts to intervene in these contexts. For this purpose, Q factor analysis has been used. According to the rotated matrix, each participant is placed in one of three mental MODEls. So that participants 4, 9, 2, 7 are jointly (mental MODEl) the first factor, participants 5, 10, 3 are in the second mental MODEl and participants 1, 8, 6 are in the third mental MODEl. Conclusion The results of the research have shown that the worn tissues of Zanjan have caused 24 risks in the form of 8 potential effects. whose RPN value has been evaluated at a significant level. In this connection, 25 propositions (Q) of regeneration in these tissues have been identified based on field-library studies. which can be divided into three mental patterns based on the opinion of experts in the field of recreation. The first mental MODEl has emphasized the integrated urban management for regeneration. Because the management of the urban unit prevents the wastage of money, time and urban resources and prevents duplication and parallel work. While the second mental MODEl pointed out the existing passages of these tissues and considered it as an obstacle to development, On this basis, this group, while facilitating the process of widening the roads, pointed out the commercialization of these tissues And also because of the location of historical monuments in these contexts, they have pointed out the tourist attractions of these contexts To bring financial empowerment to the residents while re-creating. Finally, there were the third mental group who considered employment and income and admitted that due to the same weak economic base of the residents, they had no desire to intervene and organize. Therefore, it is necessary to provide investment platforms and create employment and income To create the sense of belonging of the residents, to provide the ground for regeneration and vitality of these areas. . Therefore, based on the mental MODEl of experts, 9 propositions,Integrated urban management, improving people's participation, improving belonging, organizing narrow roads and commercialization, monitoring the construction and control of buildings, making historical buildings attractive and developing tourism, employment and income, pursuing growth policies. urban, investment in the neighborhood) have been chosen with the most agreement to recreate the dilapidated textures of Zanjan city. which have reduced the risks of worn tissues to an acceptable level.