Context: Articles discussing human MILK banking and the sharing of MILK among women have increasingly been appearing in the medical and nursing literature in the early-21st century. The articles usually focus onWestern-style MILK banks, as well as informal ways of providing women’s MILK to premature or sick infants and others in need of human MILK. This article will review this literature within the context of Muslims living in predominantly Islamic countries and the potential effects of migration within a country or to another country on knowledge of these issues.Evidence Acquisition: Articles consulted were sourced from the bibliographies of the author’s previous articles and the references in other articles consulted during previous research. Following that, a search of the term “MILK kinship” was conducted on Medline viaWeb of Science and in PubMed, but all relevant articles had already been accessed.Results: A relatively few articles have discussed these matters in the Islamic context, to acknowledge the constraints that the creation of a kinship relationship by MILK under Islamic law places on how breastfeeding or breast MILK is shared. Nevertheless, these issues, and how needy infants can be provided with the life-giving breast MILK they need, have begun to receive attention in international journals. Yet Muslim mothers may not be conversant with the issue of MILK kinship in relation to MILK banking or MILK donation.Conclusions: Some recent authors have made recommendations on how human MILK donation can be achieved in the hospital setting through complying with the religious requirements. DonatedhumanMILK can be used in the hospital, provided the conditions are met.

In this research producing fruit MILK with apple concentrate or puree was studied. In preliminary experiments MILK with puree or concentrate and essence of apple was mixed with different proportions. In order to determine the best formulation the samples were judged by experienced panelists. In addition to determine the best combination of temperature - time for samples pasteurisation, three different conditions were applied as follows: 75°C for 15 minutes. 85°C for 10 minutes and 95°C for 5 minutes. In later stages on the basis of preliminary results apple MILK beverage was produced and packed in doy-pak packages. Samples were stored in the refrigerator for 6 weeks in order to evaluate shelf life. During this period; pH, color and appearance, taste, odor and microbial characteristics were determined weekly. Results showed that the mentioned period of organoleptic quality of the samples waw maintained unchanged and the results of microbial experiments for existence of mould, yeast and excrete and non - excrete coliforms was negative.

Mycotoxins are secondary metabolites of molds and have adverse effects on humans, animals, and crops. Those can cause illnesses and economic losses. Aflatoxin M1 (AFM1) is one of the mycotoxins produced from the hydroxylated metabolite of aflatoxin B1 (AFB1). It can be found in MILK or MILK products obtained from livestock that have ingested contaminated feed. In this paper, recent studies were reviewed in aflatoxin M1 contamination in MILK and MILK products in Iran.

Objective: One of the important and common problems of mothers after giving birth is insufficient MILK production. To increase it, due to the side effects of chemical drugs that increase MILK, medicinal plants have become more popular. In recent years, with the clarification of the need for evidence-based clinical practice, quality and appropriate information is needed. The present study aims to review the results of clinical trials on the effect of MILK thistle in increasing breast MILK volume. Methods: In this systematic review study, the search for the effects of MILK thistle in increasing breast MILK volume was conducted in Magiran, MedLib, SID, and IranMedex using the keywords MILK thistle, silymarin, MILKy plants. The search for clinical trials was conducted in EMBASE, PubMed, Scopus, Ovid, and ProQuest using the keywords MILK thistle, Silybum marianum, Silymarin Silybin, breast MILK production, herbal galactagogues, increase breast MILK, and Clinical trial. The publication year was 2005-2020. The criteria for excluding articles were: Unavailability of full texts, irrelevant results, pilot studies, case reports, review studies, and animal studies. Data analysis was done qualitatively. Results: Initial search yielded 624 records. Of these, 4 eligible articles with a sample size of 294 were selected and reviewed. All studies showed that MILK thistle plant had a positive effect on increasing MILK volume. In these studies, no serious side effects from the consumption of this plant were reported. Conclusion: MILK thistle plant increases MILK production in new mothers. The number of studies in this field is low, especially in Iran, which has a long history in traditional medicine and use of herbal medicine. More studies are needed in this field.

Background and Aim: As the population of the world increases, it is essential that food production keep pace. It will be necessary not only to produce more food, but also to maintain this food so that it is safe and wholesome for human consumption. The purpose of this study was to investigate the rate of Coliform, Staphylococcus aurous, Mould, Yeast and other aerobic and mesophilic bacteria as contaminates of MILK and MILK products in Yazd province.Material and Methods: In this study a total of 198 different samples including MILK (24.2%), Yoghurt (21.2%), Cream (12.1%), Cheese (18.2%), Ice cream (12.1%) and dairy powders (12.1%) were investigated by culture method and biochemical tests. Then obtained data were analyzed by SPSS and X2 programs. Results: On the basis of our findings, of the total samples, 136 cases (68.7%) were desirable, 48 cases (24.2%) acceptable and 14 cases (7.1%) undesirable. Microbial contaminants of undesirable samples were coliform (7.1%), Staphylococcus aurous (6.1%) and yeast (6.1%). Meanwhile, the results of X2 Statistical analysis test, showed significant different between contamination rate and kind of MILK products (df = 5, X2 = 17.75, P<0.005).Conclusion: It seems that despite the efforts, which have been done for prevention of food contamination in Yazd province, it is still considered as a threat for people Health.

Aflatoxins are low molecular weight compounds that are produced as secondary metabolites by filamentous fungi and are dangerous to vertebrates and other animals in very low concentrations. Aflatoxins are a group of mycotoxins that are produced by three groups of Aspergillus fungi. Aflatoxins G1, G2, B2, B1 are the four most important types of aflatoxins. The results of the study showed that Iranian rice and pistachios except for MILK and dairy products are exposed to aflatoxin. Different methods are used to eliminate them. The study of studies conducted in Iran shows that the most attention among dairy products is focused on pasteurized MILK and then sterilized MILK and the rest of the products have a small share in the studies. In most studies, the contamination was higher than the standard of the European Union and the National Standards Organization of Iran; Therefore, the health of consumers, especially children, is at risk.