Background: MIGRAINE is considered as a chronic disease. Ocular symptoms and sensitivity to light stimuli are common in the patients with such disease. There are some evident that visual system function in the patients with MIGRAINE is impaired even between the attacks as compared with health people. In this study, we examine Visual Evoked Potential in 30 patients suffered from MIGRAINE before, during and after aura.Materials and Methods: 30 patients suffered from classic MIGRAINE and with visual aura were evaluated in terms of visual stimulatory potentials before, during and after aura. P 100 latency and amplitude were evaluation criteria in our study. The results of this investigation were evaluated by c2 test.Results: Abnormal amplitude frequency was occurred in 17 cases before aura, in 27 cases during aura and in 20 cases, it occurred after aura. Reduction of the amplitude wave p-100 during and after aura was significantly more in both eyes (p<0.05). Ten cases had abnormal P-100 latency during aura and the other two cases had it after aura. There is a significant difference in the P-100 latency during aura (p<0.05). There is no difference between the changes in visual stimulatory potentials with gender.Conclusion: Some changes were found in the parameters in the visual stimulatory potentials in the patients with classic MIGRAINE before, during and after aura.

Background and Objective: MIGRAINE is common worldwide. In recent years, vitamin D deficiency has been shown as a global health issue. This study was done to determine the relationship between serum levels of vitamin D with MIGRAINE.Methods: This descriptive - analytical study was carried out on 76 patients (21 males, 55 females) with MIGRAINE aged 10-61 years olds. Serum vitamin D level of each patient was measured. Adjustments were done for age, sex, waist circumference, body mass index (BMI), number of chronic diseases, and education level. The multiple linear regressions were done to determine the relationship between serum levels of vitamin D with MIGRAINE.Results: Vitamin D defeicincy was seen in 13.2 of patients. The weak positive association was shown between serum vitamin D with headache (P<0.05), but no significant association was found between serum vitamin D level with MIGRAINE severity.Conclusion: No significant association was seen between serum levels of vitamin D with MIGRAINE severity.

Background: The prevalence of MIGRAINE headaches significantly increased in girls after menarche. This indicated that there is a closely relation between hormonal changes especially the estrogen level with MIGRAINE headaches.Objectives: The aim of this work was to determine the frequency of MIGRAINE and its associated factors in medical students affected with premenstrual syndrome (PMS).Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was done on 218 of medical students (between 18 to 30 years old) in Mashhad in the North-East of Iran from March 2015 to March 2016. Premenstrual syndrome was confirmed by Premenstrual Symptoms Screening Tool (PSST). MIGRAINE headache was determined according to International Headache Society (HIS) criteria. The frequency of menstrual MIGRAINE and its associated factors including educational degree, life style, marital status, menstrual regularity, family history and type of MIGRAINE were determined among the participants with PMS. Data analyze was performed by SPSS 21 and STATISTICA 10.Results: Of 218 students with premenstrual syndrome, 32 persons (14.7%) had MIGRAINE headache.84.4% of MIGRAINEs were without aura and the mean attacks per months were 4.34±1.93. The most prevalence of MIGRAINE observed in students with 22.09±2.44 years old, intern students (16.1%), Mariel students (20%), students with irregular menstruation (26.3%), students with positive family history (36.5%) and students which lived in dorm (26.1%).Conclusion: According to our results, the prevalence of MIGRAINE in students with PMS is in the range of 14.7%. Therefore, it is recommended that women suffering from PMS be evaluated for MIGRAINE based on diagnostic criteria of HIS.

Background: MIGRAINE headache prophylaxis is important for reduction of burden of disease. There are different therapeutics for this matter with various efficacies. Hence, this study was performed to determine the prophylactic efficacy of venlafaxine versus nortriptyline in migrainous patients.Materials and methods: In this open-label randomized clinical trial, 120 consecutive migrainous patients attending to Azad University hospitals in Tehran in 2013 and 2014 were enrolled and randomly assigned to receive either venlafaxine 37.5 mg twice a day or nortriptyline 25 mg per day for three months. Efficacy (50% reduction in severity, duration, and frequency of headache) was determined and compared across the groups. Data were analyzed using SPSS software by Chi- square, independent t test, and if need exact Fisher test. P- value< 0.05 was considered significant.Results: Reduction of frequency, duration, and severity of MIGRAINE attacks was better controlled by venlafaxine, but not in a significant manner (P> 0.05). Also the therapeutic adverse effects were similar across the groups (P> 0.05).Conclusion: Totally, it may be concluded both venlafaxine and nortriptyline have more than fifty percent efficacy for MIGRAINE prophylaxis, but their efficacies are similar and also both drugs are more than ninety percent safe.

Background: MIGRAINE is a pulsatile, unilateral headache usually with nausea, vomiting, photophobia and fatigue. Considering the prevalence of MIGRAINE headache and the suggested role of allergens in its appearance, the relationship between serum level of IgE and MIGRAINE headache was scrutinized in this study.Materials and Methods: Fifty known cases of MIGRAINE headache and 100 control cases were selected from the patients referred to neurology clinic of Shahid Beheshti Hospital and private neurology clinic. Demographic data including age, sex, and family history of headache were recorded and matched in both groups. Two cubic centimeters (cc) of venous blood obtained from each case and tested for serum level of IgE with Eliza. Data analyzed with Chi-Square Test, T test, CI, and OR Tests.Results: Out of 50 MIGRAINE patients 35 (70%) were female and 15 (30%) male, and of 100 control group 70 (70%) female and 30 (30%) male. Most of the patients were in age range of 31-45 years old (34%), and so the control group was selected from the same range. Mean serum IgE level in MIGRAINE patients was 109.55 ± 77.32 IU/ML and in control group 83.38 ± 54.8 IU/ML and in all controls and cases it was 92.1 ± 64.14 IU/ML. The difference was statistically significant (p<0.05). There was no difference in age between the groups. The difference in family history between case and control groups was significant (p<0.05), and the difference in serum IgE level was also significant between case and control groups with and without positive family history (p<0.05). There was no meaningful difference between other variables.Conclusion: Based on the differences of IgE serum level between MIGRAINE headache patients and normal cases there may be a cause and effect relationship which must be further evaluated. This may be helpful in prophylaxis and treatment of MIGRAINE

Background: MIGRAINE is a neurovascular disorder of the brain. It is chronic, debilitating, and progressive and has important effects on the patient’s life. MIGRAINE is one of the most common types of headaches in many countries of the world including Iran. In recent years, vitamin D deficiency has been identified as a global public health problem. Since previous studies have suggested the benefits of vitamin D in treating MIGRAINE headaches, we reviewed available literature on vitamin D and MIGRAINE.Methods: Using MIGRAINE, vitamin D, and headache as keywords, we searched PubMed and Scopus for articles published during 1994-2012.Findings: Case reports had emphasized the role of vitamin D in reducing the number and duration of headaches and MIGRAINEs. The relationship between low levels of serum vitamin D and higher incidence of chronic pain and headaches (including MIGRAINEs) had been suggested by a number of studies. Although the exact role of vitamin D deficiency in headaches and muscle and bone pain has not been identified, possible mechanisms are serum magnesium deficiency and presence of vitamin D receptors, alpha 1-hydroxylase, and vitamin D-binding protein in the brain and particularly hypothalamus.Conclusion: Vitamin D can be effective in the treatment of chronic pain and headaches including MIGRAINEs. However, due to the small number of available studies, more research in this field is warranted.

Background: Preeclampsia is a syndrome specific to pregnancy, resulting in decreased organ perfusion due to vasoconstriction endothelium activation. MIGRAINE is also a benign and recurrent syndrome with headache, nausea and vomiting or other neurological dysfunctions. Some studies suggest that women with MIGRAINE are more likely experience preeclampsia.Purpose: This study was performed to review literature regarding possible associations between MIGRAINE and preeclampsia and to provide an analysis concerning similar mechanisms underlying both of these unknown conditions.Methods: Various sources were reviewed in order to collect data on the two conditions and underlying mechanisms involved.Results: Although primary mechanisms of both conditions are not clearly known, abnormal platelet activity and altered vascular function have been suggested. Peripheral dysfunction in preeclampsia also occurs in cerebral vessels during MIGRAINE attacks. Patients with MIGRAINE or with altered gestational blood pressure are similarly influenced by the same drugs and interventions.Conclusion: Identifying the risk factors of preeclampsia and predicting them on time can prevent its occurrence. Meanwhile, the association between MIGRAINE and preeclampsia may be a key to discover the unknown etiologies of them.