Objective: Headache is a frequent symptom in children and adolescents. MIGRAINE is one of the most common types of primary headache disorders in children that at times can be extremely disabling. Many clinical features of MIGRAINE in children differ from that starting in adulthood. This review discusses the epidemiology, clinical features, management, and prognosis of MIGRAINE headache in children and adolescents.

Background and aims: MIGRAINE is a common form of headaches with no recognized mechanism and etiology. The relation between iron deficiency and MIGRAINE headache is not clear. This study was carried out to evaluate the effect of iron therapy on the frequency and severity of headache attacks in MIGRAINEurs with iron deficiency.Methods: In this experimental study, 90 women with MIGRAINE headaches were designated into three groups (n=30 for each group). The first group had negative iron balance, the second group had iron deficiency anemia and the third group had normal iron level. All groups were treated in three periods of 45 days. Patients received sodium valproate in all periods and iron sulfate (50mg per day) in the second period of the study. The severity and frequency of headache attacks were recorded and compared in three groups. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and ANOVA.Results: There were significant decrease in the frequency and severity of MIGRAINE attacks in groups one and two, compared with group three (P<0.05).Conclusion: According to the findings, iron therapy seems to be beneficial in MIGRAINEurs with iron deficiency.

Background: Association between Helicobacter pylori (HP) infection and MIGRAINE and the effect of HP eradication on relief of MIGRAINE headache have been studied but the results are controversial.Objectives: To evaluate the effect of HP eradication in treatment of patients affected by MIGRAINE.Materials and Methods: Eighty consecutive HP infected patients affected by MIGRAINE without aura were enrolled in this clinical trial. They have referred to an endoscopy clinic for work-up of HP infection from October 2013 to November 2014. Patients were randomly assigned in 2 groups using 2 different regimens; Group A: MIGRAINE treatment and a 14-day triple therapy for HP infection and Group B: MIGRAINE treatment without HP eradication. The mean duration (hour), headache severity (MIDAS) and the frequency (per month) of clinical headache attacks were calculated upon enrollment in the study and at 6 months and 12 months after treatment. All data were analyzed using SPSS version 16. Comparison of categorical variables across the groups was performed using Chi-square test.Results: In group A, HP infection was eradicated in 34 of 40 patients (85%). After treatment in eradicated patients compared with the control group there was significant decrease in severity and frequency (but not in duration) of the MIGRAINE attacks at 6 months (p<0.001) and significant decrease in intensity, frequency and duration of the MIGRAINE attacks at 12 months (p<0.001).Conclusion: HP should be considered and examined in migranous patients and eradication treatment can be beneficial for relief of clinical attacks.

Background: MIGRAINE is a debilitating, progressive and chronic neurovascular disorder that affects approximately 6% of males and 18% of females worldwide. Evidences have shown thatMIGRAINE with aura (MA) is associated with elevated homocysteine levels but, few studies have evaluated the relationship between homocysteine levels and characteristics of MIGRAINE attacks such as severity, frequency, duration and Headache Diary Result (HDR).Thus, in this study, we investigated the association between homocysteine levels and characteristics of MIGRAINE attacks in patients with MA.Methods: Fasting serum levels of homocysteine were measured in 120 MA patients (29 males and 91 females) aged 15-65 years. Severity, frequency and duration of MIGRAINE attacks as well as HDR were determined in each patient according to international headache society (IHS) criteria by a neurologist. Linear and ordinal logistic regression was used to evaluate the relationship between serum homocysteine levels and characteristics of MIGRAINE attacks.Results: There is no significant association between serum levels of homocysteine with severity, frequency, duration and HDR. This association was not significant after adjustment of confounding variables such as age, BMI and family history of MIGRAINE. In addition, sex-stratified analysis revealed no significant relationship between serum homocysteine levels and characteristics of MIGRAINE attacks either in crude and adjusted models. However, serum homocysteine levels was significantly associated with HDR among males after adjustment for age, BMI and family history of MIGRAINE (P-value=0.01).Conclusion: Significant relationship between homocysteinelevels and characteristics of MIGRAINE attacks such as severity, frequency, duration and HDR were not found.However, after adjustment of confounding variables, we found a significant positive relationship between homocysteine levels and HDR among men.This is the first study to examine the association between serum homocysteine levels and characteristics of MIGRAINE attacks including duration and HDR in patients with MA.