Heavy metals, especially MERCURY due to its TOXICITY, persistence and the impact on aquatic organisms is important in terms of public health noteworthy. This study aimed to assess MERCURY concentrations in surface sediments of estuaries Mahshahr, Khuzestan province, eight stations were selected and three sediment samples were collected from each station. Sampling operations were conducted in January 2016. After laboratory analysis, the content of MERCURY using cold vapor atomic absorption technique was measured. The average concentration of MERCURY in sediments of stations studied in the range of 90-490 was nanogram per gram. High levels of MERCURY were found in petrochemical estuary and with increasing distance from this estuary, the pollution of the gradually decreased. In general, the calculation for regional factor pollution, pollution is too severe for most stations showed, while According to global factor pollution was low to moderate.

Background and Objective: Due to high mobility and TOXICITY of MERCURY in environment and also high accumulation of MERCURY in food chain, it is important to understand and predict human exposure and ecological risk assessment of MERCURY. The purpose of this study was to investigate the total concentration of MERCURY and its bio-availability in sediment of Petrochemical and Ja'fari creeks. Method: In the present study, 27 sediment samples were collected from the sampling sites. Digestion was employed in sample digestion followed by analysis using MOOPAM. Samples were analyzed and determined for MERCURY concentrations by MERCURY Analyzer model VM-3000 MERCURY VAPOR MONITOR. Sediments were further investigated for MERCURY fractions using a three step sequential extraction procedure of BCR. Results: The concentrations of THg in sediment samples with a minimum of 2. 19 and maximum of 45. 71 and average of 23. 9 milligram per liter show that area is contaminated with MERCURY according to the National Oceanographic and Atmospheric Administration standard. Discussion and Conclusion: The sequential extraction procedure showed that most Hg in the sediments was largely bound in exchangeable phases. Therefore it can't be exchanged between water and sediment under the physicochemical conditions with alkaline pH. The MERCURY which bound to exchangeable phase can easily desorb and adsorb by sediments. High content of MERCURY was in station close to chloral alkaline factory and with distance, Hg concentration was decreased.

Background and Objective: Due to high mobility and TOXICITY of MERCURY in environment and also high accumulation of MERCURY in food chain, it is important to understand and predict human exposure and ecological risk assessment of MERCURY. The purpose of this study was to investigate the total concentration of MERCURY and it's bioavailabilty in sediment of Petrochemical and Ja'fari creeks. Method: In the present study, 27 sediment samples were collected from the sampling sites. Digestion was employed in sample digestion followed by analysis using MOOPAM. samples were analyzed and determined for MERCURY concentrations by MERCURY Analyzer model VM-3000 MERCURY VAPOR MONITOR. Sediments were further investigated for MERCURY fractions using a three step sequential extraction procedure of BCR. Findings: The concentrations of THg in sediment samples with a minimum of 2. 19 and maximum of 45. 71 and average of 23. 9 milligram per liter show that area is contaminated with MERCURY according to the National Oceanographic and Atmospheric Administration standard. Discussion and Conclusion: The sequential extraction procedure showed that most Hg in the sediments was largely bound un exchanable phases. Therefore it can not be exchanged between water and sediment under the physicochemical conditions with alkaline pH. The MERCURY which bound to exchanagble phase can easily desorb and adsorb by sediments. High content of MERCURY was in station close to chloralkaline factory and with distance, Hg concentration was decreased.

Arsenic compounds TOXICITY have been reported of many parts of the world. Those are one of global clinical problems that affect all body organs and many cases of death every year. Arsenic compounds exist in environment and human body as form of inorganic and organic arsenic. Inorganic arsenic includes arsenite (As III) and arsenate (As V). The inorganic arsenics can be methylated to form monomethylarsonic acid (MMA) and dimethylarsinic acid (DMA) in vivo. Aasenic, especially inorganic arsenic is well absorbed (80-90%) from the gastrointestinal tract, distributed in the body, often metabolized by methylation, and then primarily excreted into urine. Methylation of inorganic arsenic compounds is considered as a detoxification process. Arsenic compounds cause to DNA damage, lipid peroxidation, and decreased antioxidant defense levels.The wide human exposure to arsenic compound especial inorganic arsenic in different sources throughout the world causes great concern for human health. Long term exposure to arsenic can lead to cancer of skin and internal organs eg., the liver, lung, kidney and bladder, also high mortality rate. The noncancerous effects of ingesting arsenic include clinical manifestation in gastrointestinal, cardiovascular, pulmonary, immunological, neurological systems, endocrine glands (e.g. diabetes) and skin. There are some laboratories tests available to diagnose poisoning can measure arsenic in blood, urine, hair, and fingernails. The urine test is the most reliable for detecting arsenic exposure.Arsenic TOXICITY can be life threating and necessitates supportive therapy (administration crystalloid fluids, inotropic drugs and treatment of cardiac dysrhythemias), decontamination (GI tract irrigation & use activated charcoal in some patients), chelating agents that should be initiated as soon as in arsenic TOXICITY. These chelating agents include: BAL (British anti lewisite, dimercaprol), 2,3-dimercaptosuccinic acid (DMSA. Succimer), dimercaptopropane sulfoxid acid (DMPS), and also, long term follow-up of these patients. This review article offer to ascertain: a) find out contamination areas that exposure to arsenic to the people by water, food, soil and air; b) common diseases of arsenic poisoning in human; c) education level, awareness and treatment of contaminated people.

Introduction: Dentists are exposed to MERCURY vapor due to the occupational exposure to amalgam, which can endanger their health. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of MERCURY vapor on urinary MERCURY concentration of dental students and the restorative specialists in one of the dental schools of Iran. Methods: The study population consisted40 dental students and 10 restoration specialists. Sample urine at the end of work time was collected, and the concentration of MERCURY in urine was measured by cold vapor atomic absorption spectrophotometry. A questionnaire was completed to determine the effects of some personal and environmental factors on the amount of urinary MERCURY. Data were analyzed using SPSS-22 software. Results: The mean concentration of urinary MERCURY in dental students was 15. 18± 4. 34μ g/L and the restoration specialists were 4. 11± 1. 05μ g/l. In addition, there was a significant difference between the concentrations of urinary MERCURY in the two groups (P <0. 001). At specialist professors there was a negative correlation between urinary MERCURY and working hours per day (r=-0. 78, p=0. 007). Also, in this study, there was a significant relationship between urine MERCURY and sex, age, type of amalgam consumed, consumption of smoking and the number of amalgam restorations. Conclusion: The level of urine MERCURY in all samples was lower the recommended amount of ACGIH. The study is recommended MERCURY level monitoring for regularly evaluation of the workplace.