Introduction: rupture of intervertebral DISC material into the intradural compartment is a rare event, but LUMBAR DISC DISEASE must be considered in differential diagnosis of mass lesion causing nerve rootor cauda-equina syndromes. Any age group with the exception of children can be affected. The neurological symptoms and findings are generally more sever than lateral  Extradural DISC herniation.The purpose of this study is to determine the incidence of LUMBAR intradural DISC rupture and describeits clinical and radiological presentation.Positive mechanical findings suggesting nerve root compression or distortion are found in 75% of these patients. Radiologic evaluation of the patient with suspected intradural DISC herniation is most effectively done with a combination of myelography and CT scanning. The treatment of Intradural DISC herniation is surgical removal. Methods: this descriptive study is from October 1997 to September 2002, 2308 patients (mean age: 45.6 years old) with LUMBAR DISC herniation recognized by MRI and / or myelography or CT myelogram who underwent surgery were studied. Results: mean age for this DISEASE has been 45.6 years and males are affected more than females in a ratio of 8 to 2. Neurological findings were motoric, sensory and sphincteric disorders. The most neurological complication was dropfoot. The short time results were good.Conclusion: LUMBAR intradural DISC herniation must be considered in differential diagnosis of intradural mass lesions. The worse the preoperative deficit, the less likely a postoperative recovery of neurological function, therefore the "time" is very important.

Although back pain during pregnancy is common, LUMBAR DISC herniation is reported in only one in approximately 10,000 pregnancies, and 2% of LUMBAR DISC herniations are leading to severe and/or progressive neurologic deficits.This case is a LUMBAR DISC herniation who presented during pregnancy with profound neurological deficits which was managed with surgery and focus on the presentation, safety of imaging, positioning and anesthesia as well as the maternal and fetal' outcome. Physicians should be aware that neurological deficit can occur during pregnancy.They should be diagnosed and treated promptly without considering the stage of gestation.Pregnancy is not a contraindication to magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), anesthesia, and surgical DISC excision. Surgery appears warranted in patients who present with a severe and/or progressive neurological deficit secondary to a LUMBAR DISC herniation.

Introduction: Surgical treatment of LUMBAR DISC Herniation (LDH) is one of the most common surgeries in the world. In many studies the success is related to the radiological results. The aim of this study, however, is to determine the effects of some psychological factors such as depression, anxiety and patients’ expectations concerning their satisfaction from Disk Herniation surgery (DHS).Materials and Methods: Sixty patients who were candidates for DHS were examined for depression, expectations, anxiety and satisfaction before and three months after the surgery using standard questionnaires.Results: The patients consisted of 33 females (55%) and 27 males (45%). The average of pain acuity before the surgery was measured as 7.25 units which decreased to 2.1 units after the operation. 93.3% of the subjects were diagnosed with anxiety of different degrees and 66.7% with depression. 70% had high expectations. The patients’ satisfaction rate was ranging from 1.7 to 8.9 (mean= 5.5).  Satisfaction gained the highest rate in the patients aging between 30-39 years old. Also, depression and high expectations were found to be associated with lower levels of satisfaction.Conclusion: Depression decreases patient’s satisfaction while low expectations can increase it.

Background: LUMBAR DISC herniation is one of the most common causes of low back pain and after pulmonary DISEASE, low back pain is the second most common reason to see a doctor. Diagnosis of LUMBAR DISC herniation in a patient presenting with sciatica is based on history, clinical signs, physical examination, and MRI or CT imaging techniques. Pain Most patients who present with sciatica due to LUMBAR DISC herniation respond to conservative and rest treatments, but patients who do not respond to medical treatment and rest undergo LUMBAR MRI imaging without contrast and if indicated Clinically, the presence of a DISC herniation undergoes surgery with a pressure effect on the spinal sac or nerve root. Clinical indication for LUMBAR DISC herniation surgery occurs when, despite rest, the pain persists for more than 4 weeks, due to high pressure, the person develops paresthesia in the lower extremities, the patient's pain recurs frequently and the patient's life Disrupt. Chronic DISEASEs such as back pain have important consequences, including changes in people's quality of life. Quality of life is a multidimensional structure that is characterized by social, mental and physical vitality and causes a feeling of vitality and satisfaction with life, and certainly spinal surgery affects the quality of life in all dimensions. In the present study, the quality of patients' health before and after LUMBAR DISC herniation surgery and the necessity of DISC surgery were investigated. Methods: In this descriptive-analytical study in which samples were selected by convenience, 90 patients with chronic low back pain who were candidates for LUMBAR DISC herniation surgery were studied. Data were collected through the 36-SF Health Quality Questionnaire and also using a demographic questionnaire, patient demographic information including age, sex, height, weight, smoking, occupation and level of education was collected. Before the operation, the 36-SF questionnaire was used to assess the quality of patients' health. After the operation, patients were followed up in two stages of 6 months and then 12 months with the help of the questionnaire and their quality of life was re-evaluated. Exclusion criteria included patients who had complications from surgery during the follow-up period, including wound infection, nerve root damage and neurological defects, incomplete recovery of lower back and lower extremity pain, and recurrence of DISC herniation. They were LUMBAR or found a new history of other DISEASEs such as stroke, rheumatoid arthritis, autoimmune DISEASE, in which case they were excluded from the study. Descriptive statistics including calculation of numerical indices (mean and standard deviation) for quantitative traits and percentage for qualitative traits were used for summarization. Also, paired t-test was used to analyze quantitative data and Wilcoxon test was used if necessary and KS test was used for data normality. The stratification method was used for comparative purposes in terms of contextual variables. Then the samples were analyzed with SPSS-20 software. Results: Mean and standard deviation of score improvement in physical dimension of quality of life before and 6 months after treatment in terms of sex were 38. 60 9 9. 13 in men and 31. 90 56 8. 56 in women, which was statistically different. Was significant (p = 0. 005). Also, the mean and standard deviation of the score improvement in physical dimension of quality of life before and 12 months after treatment was 43. 58 6 6. 72 in men and 40. 37 24 7. 24 in women, which was not statistically significant (p=0. 009). The mean and standard deviation of the score improvement in the psychological dimension of quality of life before and 6 months after treatment was 18. 41 ± 11. 72 in men and 14. 26 37 7. 37 in women, which was statistically significant (p<0. 001)), also the mean and standard deviation of the score improvement in the psychological dimension of quality of life before and 12 months after treatment was estimated to be 24. 93 9 9. 69 in men and 29. 26 86 8. 86 in women, which was statistically significant. In women, there was more improvement than men. Mean and standard deviation of score improvement in physical dimension Quality of life before and 6 months after treatment in patients based on the duration of low back and lower limb pain, in two groups under 2 months and above 2 months were studied. The results showed that in the group under 2 months, 39. 06 18 7. 18 in the group above 2 months was 32. 59 36 9. 36 which was statistically significant (p=0. 012) so that Patients with less back and lower limb pain (less than 2 months) showed more improvement. Also, the mean and standard deviation of the score improvement in the physical dimension of quality of life before and 12 months after treatment in the group under 2 months was 45. 37 86 7. 86 in the group over 2 months was 38. 68 10 10. 31, which was different from Statistically significant (p=0. 08) that patients with less back and lower extremity pain (less than 2 months) showed more improvement. In general, the mean score of physical and mental health improvement was significantly different from Paying attention to body mass index, number of involved DISCs and smoking before, 6 and 12 months later showed that according to the results of independent t-test, the score of improving the quality of life in physical and mental dimensions; Compared to before, 6 months and 12 months after surgery were statistically significant among men and women and showed an increase in quality of life in both physical and psychological dimensions (p<0. 001). Conclusion: The results of the present study showed that the quality of life in the present study in the time periods before treatment, 6 and 12 months after treatment caused a significant improvement in the physical and mental condition of patients with LUMBAR DISC herniation so that the mean score of quality of life Before the intervention, it was increased to 5. 94 29 29. 5, 6 months after the intervention to 60. 17 4 4. 55 and in 12 months after the intervention to 65. 26 6 6. 18, which statistical test also showed a significant increase (p<0. 001).

Spinal epidural lipomatosis is a rare condition which is described as the accumulation of fat in the extradural territory and often causes dural impingement. Spinal epidural lipomatosis has been implicated in causing a variety of neurologic impairments ranging from back pain, radiculopathy, claudication, myelopathy or even cauda equina syndrome. We report a 46-year-old female with obesity and a history of chronic back pain and radiculopathy who developed idiopathic Spinal epidural lipomatosis diagnosed by magnetic resonance imaging. The purpose of this report is to present a case of spinal epidural lipomatosis presenting with symptomatic cord compression and also remind this rare condition as a the differential diagnosis of epidural lesions in patients with risk factors.

Little information is at hand on the diagnostic values of the clinical symptoms and signs in the level diagnosis of patients with lower LUMBAR DISC herniation. We examined one hundred and thirty nine consecutive candidates for lower LUMBAR DISCectomy. Monoradicular pain with sings attributed to the fifth LUMBAR and first sacral root dysfunctions were evaluated independently in each patient. Intra-operatively, all patients were assessed by a single neurosurgeon for the level of DISC herniation. We reached the conclusion that the diagnostic vale of clinical features of the herniated fifth LUMBAR DISC is higher than that of the fourth LUMBAR DISC herniation. The value of clinical presentation in the level diagnosis of lower LUMBAR DISC herniation is highly specific, but rather insensitive.

Introduction: The aims of this study was to estimate prevalence, Clinical finding and results of operation and long term outcome of lumber intervertebral DISC herniation in children less than 15 years of age.Method of study and Results: Out of 1232 patients with Lumber DISC Herniation (L.D.H.) admitted Ghaem Hospital since 1985 to 1999.Ten children (8-15 years) underwent surgery for L.D.H. Six patients were female and four were male. The chief complaints were low back pain, lower limb pain, or both. The most common evolved intervertebral DISC was L4-L5.The results of operation were favorable and the patients became symptom free. They were followed for 1-13 years, no recurrence was observed.Conclusion: The conservative treatment in H.L.D. in children is not satisfactory and surgery preferable.

Thoracic disk herniation comprises 0. 15% of all disk herniation and has various and confusing manifestations. Among them, radicular pain down the leg could be the rarest presentation, especially if it is the only complaint. On the other hand, finding the relationship between clinical and paraclinical needs require high index of suspension and it is demanding. A 34-year-old patient, who had a history of intermittent back pain, with lower thoracic disk herniation presented by acute leg sciatica-like pain, is reported. He suffered 3 weeks of acute back pain prior to admission, which radiated down to buttock and leg, with a vague left abdominal pain, whose clinical examination indicated a distal LUMBAR problem. MRI showed T-12 L-1 disk herniation. Lower thoracic DISC herniation can compress lumbosacral roots immediately after exiting from cord thickening in the lower thoracic area, so they can incite lower LUMBAR radiculopathy and cause DISCordance between MRI findings and clinical presentation, suggesting a LUMBAR problem, and this can lead to delayed diagnosis. However, the acute pain was completely improved after open DISCectomy.

Background & Aim: Lumbosacral pain is extremely common as age increases. Spinal instrumentation is sometimes recommended for LUMBAR canal stenosis and disk herniation surgery. This study aimed at studying the frequency of instrumentation in patients referring to our center.Methods & Materials/Patients: This retrospective cross-sectional study included 1200 patients with low back and/or radicular pain who had referred to the Shahid Beheshti and Ayatallah Roohani hospitals from 2013 to 2014 in Babol city. Data were analyzed by t-test and chisquare using SPSS (Version 20).Results: In this study, 150 of 1200 patients needed surgery for LUMBAR canal stenosis and/or disk herniation (mean age of 42.21 ± 11.41 years old, ranging from 26-69). Of all patients, 76 were men (50.7%) and 74 women (49.3%). L4-L5 was the most involved level. There was a significant relationship between pathology and gender (p<001). At some levels, either men or women were involved. Moreover, 55 patients (36.7%) underwent surgery with instrumentation and 95 patients (63.3%) without instrumentation. Complete improvement was reported in 102 patients (68%). No significant relationship was observed between the degree of improvement and surgery technique and gender (p=0.78, p=0.72).Conclusion: Most patients (63.3%) underwent surgery without instrumentation and about one third needed fixation during surgery.