In this study, using the theoretical basis, an algorithm was designed to identify southern system for the period of 1986-2015 which led to identification of 158 southern LOW PRESSURE systems. Then two of them were selected for synoptic and dynamic analysis. According to the results, the designed algorithm has ability to identify southern systems. The results showed that formation and structure of southern LOW PRESSURE systems were very similar to mid-latitude weather systems and differed from thermal LOW PRESSURE systems. Strong baroclinicity, strong temperature advection in LOW levels, cold pool in mid-levels and cyclonic circulation in air columns are the most important characteristics of southern LOW PRESSURE systems that are basically different from thermal LOW PRESSURE systems.

Both systolic and diastolic blood PRESSURE (BP) increase during the first month of life. LOW birth-weight infants have a LOWer mean BP than do term infants, but by 10 weeks of life this differences becomes negligible. BP increases more rapidly in preterm infants than term infants, especially in neonates with higher weight gain. Gestational age, birth weight, postnatal age and gender are considered the predictive factors of BP. But, some recent studies showed no significant difference in BP based on birth weight or length of the kidney. An inverse correlation has been reported between BP measurement and birth weight. Systolic BP is modestly higher in premature, VLBW, and LOW birth weight infants by school age and young adult life. Increased systolic and diastolic BP have been documented in extremely prematures at corrected age of 2.5 years. Human nephrogenesis continues through the 3rd trimester of pregnancy, and during the 36th week of gestation. Premature delivery interruptes renal development resulting to LOW nephron number at birth, small kidney, increased single nephron GFR, hyperfiltration, augmentation of glomerulosclerosis, subsequent hypertension and cardio vascular or chronic kidney disease later in life. Proposed mechanisms of hypertension include increased sympathetic activity, increased arterial stiffness and vascular resistance, attenuation of kidney development, accelerated postnatal growth in weight and length, alteration of angiotensin activity, proliferation of juxtaglomerular cells, and increased salt sensitivity. In a recent report, BP of small for gestational term infants was compatible with healthy controls. Therefore, monitoring of BP and proteinuria is recommended in LOW birth weight preterm infant before and after NICU discharge, and in children less than three years of age.

Background: The effect of LOW PRESSURE pneumoperitoneum in laparoscopic cholecystectomy on partial PRESSURE of carbon dioxide in the arterial blood (PaCO2) is an important subject which has not been completely defined.Methods: In a double-blind clinical trial, we randomly studied 202 ASA (The ASA physical status classification system) class 1, 2 patients aged between 20 and 85 years who were candidates for elective laparoscopic cholecystectomy. They were randomly divided into two groups of LOW PRESSURE pneumoperitoneum (6-8 mm Hg) and standard PRESSURE pneumoperitoneum (12-14 mm Hg). By the same general anesthesia protocol in the two groups, PaCO2 was assessed before CO2 insufflation and desufflation. Mean Arterial blood PRESSURE (MAP) was measured in the two groups.Results: PaCO2 was not significantly different between the 2 groups before CO2 insufflation. But, PaCO2 was statistically LOWer in LOW PRESSURE pneumoperitoneum group before CO2 desufflation (P=0.001). Mean Arterial PRESSURE (MAP) in standard PRESSURE pneumoperitoneum group was LOWer than the LOW PRESSURE pneumoperitoneum group at 5 and 10 minutes after CO2 insufflation and before the time of CO2 desufflation (P=0.001, P=0.006 and P=0.001, respectively). While, MAP was not statistically different between the two groups before CO2 insufflation (P=0.55).Conclusion: LOW PRESSURE pneumoperitoneum during laparoscopic cholecystectomy can be an effective protocol to prevent the rise of PaCO2 by preserving the hemodynamic status in such cases.

Counter-urbanization has been defined with many definitions in research literature as increasing of the small town population in the process of urban expansion and development. This study investigates the counter-urbanization process in Isfahan metropolitan AREA based on an exploratory method using the population and immigration data, diurnal commuting, and the immigration motivators. The results show that, during different periods, population growth has been changed from the greater cities’ metropolitan AREA to the small towns. So that, there is less population growth near the main greater cities during the last decade. Regarding the immigration as well as migration effectiveness over the population, and immigration motivators, it can be said that the most important parameters of small towns’ expansion near the greater cities are better habitation opportunities, and finding better jobs. Furthermore, decreasing the diurnal commuting close to the greater cities shows that small towns, which are farther from the greater city, have more autonomy. In addition, based on polarization reversal model, and population development investigation in metropolitan AREAs, there are population development from the greater cities’ centre to the periphery AREA, which is leaded to decrease the population of the main greater city, and increase the population absorption in small towns. Consequently, the urbanization of Isfahan metropolitan AREA has entered to a counter-urbanization phase.

LPWANs are a class of technologies that have very LOW power consumption and high range of communication. Along with its various advantages, these technologies also have many limitations, such as LOW bandwidth, connectionless transmission and LOW processing power, which has challenged encryption methods in this technologies. One of the most important of these challenges is encryption. The very small size of the message and the possibility of packet loss without the gateway or device awareness, make any of the cipher chaining methods such as CBC, OFB or CTC impossible in LPWANs, because either they assume a connection oriented media or consume part of the payload for sending counter or HMAC. In this paper, we propose a new way to re-synchronize the key between sender and receiver in the event of a packet being lost that will enable us to perform cipher chaining encryption in LPWAN limitation. The paper provides two encryption synchronization methods for LPWANs. The first method can be synchronized in a similar behavior as the proof of work in the block chain. The second proposed method is able to synchronize the sender and receiver with the least possible used space of the message payload. The proposed method is able to synchronize the parties without using the payload. The proposed method is implemented in the Sigfox platform and then simulated in a sample application. The simulation results show that the proposed method is acceptable in environments where the probability of missing several consecutive packets is LOW.

Objectives: Hypertension is an important risk factor for cardiovascular diseases. One of the cornerstones of Primary prevention of cardiovascular diseases is screening high blood PRESSURE and antihypertensive drug therapy. Unfortunately little has been known about controlling of hypertension in rural AREAs of Iran. This research was performed to assess the control of high blood PRESSURE in rural AREAs of Charmahal and Bakhtyari Province. Methods: In a cross- sectional study, 376 patients were selected by a random cluster sampling from 19 rural healthcare centers. Their Blood PRESSURE were measured and recorded. Systolic Blood PRESSURE (SBP) LOWer than 140 mmHg and Diastolic Blood PRESSURE (DBP) LOWer than 90 mmHg were defined as successful control of high blood PRESSURE. The percentage of successful control of high blood PRESSURE was calculated and its relation with gender, Body Mass Index (BMI), and type of drug therapy was evaluated. Results: Blood PRESSURE was successfully controlled in 125 of 376 patients (33%). We found that male patients, and patients who were on multi-drug therapy had better blood PRESSURE control (P-Value <0.05). There was not any significant relationship between BMI of patients with level of blood PRESSURE control. Conclusion: It seems that insufficient blood PRESSURE control still, remains major public health problem. These results underscore the urgent need to develop national strategy to improve treatment of hypertension.        

Forming the air-core, is the one of fLOW properties in hydrocyclone. The swirling fLOW causes a cylindrical LOW PRESSURE AREA at the axis of hydrocyclone which is constant throughout the entire length of the hydrocyclone. Air-core affects the separation efficiency. In this study, LOW PRESSURE AREAs were used to predict air-core diameter. Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) method was used to determine the PRESSURE distribution inside of hydrocyclone. Three models including: the renormalization group k-e model, the Reynolds stress model, and the large-eddy simulation model, were compared for the prediction of aircore dimension. Air-core diameter was evaluated by using three planes, one on cylindrical part and two on conical section. Results show that, the RSM turbulence model is more accurate than two other models.

In the present study, a new LOW-power and high-speed comparator circuit is designed in 65 nm fin field-effect transistor (FinFET) technology. Moreover, by properly using the capabilities of FinFET technology, the number of transistors is reduced, and subsequently, a smaller AREA is occupied. Replacing MOSFET transistors with FinFETs reduces the delay and power consumption of the circuit, so the overall performance is improved. The first innovation of the proposed design is that to reduce the size and power consumption, two transistors were removed and the back gates of two transistors were cross-coupled. The second innovation is the connection of back gates to other suitable points of the circuit that increase the speed of comparison. In this study, a supply voltage of 0. 8 V is applied to the circuit to show that the proposed modifications with FinFET reduce the delay to 272 ps and power consumption to 6. 7 μ W.