Perovskite calcium titanate (CaTiO3) nanowires with average diameters in the range of 120-130 nm were grown by HYDROTHERMAL treatment of commercial anatase-titania (TiO2) and calcium chloride in aqueous sodium hydroxide solution (2.5-13 M). Reactions were carried out in temperature range of 110-150°C at various pH (9-13) for 12-72 h. The study revealed that these parameters affect the crystal morphology and size of crystallites. Reaction products obtained at different stages were characterized by thermogravimetry (TG) and differential thermal analysis (DTA), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) techniques. The XRD analysis revealed the formation of CaTiO3 phases with orthorhombic crystal structure. Thermal analysis results showed that anatase-TiO2 was thermally stable below 400°C and at higher temperatures anatase transforms to rutile phase whereas CaTiO3 was stable up to 850°C.

Background: Breast cancer is a multifactorial potentially lethal disease that is triggered by genetic factors as well as numerous environmental factors. The present research aimed to examine the expression of Vascular endothelial GROWTH factor messenger RNA (VEGF mRNA), cytokeratin-19 mRNA (CK19 mRNA), and vascular endothelial GROWTH factor (VEGF) protein biomarker in the peripheral blood of patients with breast cancer.Methods: 40 patients with breast cancer were compared to 40 healthy individuals. The real-time reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (real-time RT-PCR) method was used to determine the expressions of the CK19 mRNA and VEGF mRNA biomarkers in the peripheral blood samples of the healthy participants and the patients. The VEGF protein was also compared using the (ELISA) method.Findings: The positive VEGF mRNA biomarker was observed in 30 of the 40 patients with breast cancer; thus the sensitivity of this marker was 75%. In the healthy participants group, 6 of the 40 participants showed a positive VEGF mRNA biomarker expression. The CK19 mRNA marker was positive in 25 of the 40 patients, which indicated a sensitivity of 62.5%. In the healthy participants group, the positive expression of the CK19 mRNA biomarker was observed in 7 of the 40 participants. VEGF was positive in 27 of the 40 patients. In the control group, 5 of the 40 participants showed the positive expression of this biomarker.Conclusion: In sum, based on the results of this research, the assessed breast cancer tumor markers can be used as screening tests for the early diagnosis of patients. To further prove the findings of this study, more extensive studies with larger sample sizes are recommended.

Interdigitated array electrods1 were prepared by nanolithography of gold on alumina substrate via PVD method. ZnOnanorods used as sensor were synthesized by HYDROTHERMAL method on a spotter-coated seed layer of zinc oxide. The synthesized nanorods were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), high resolution transmission electron microscopy (HR-TEM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and atomic force microscopy (AFM). Sensor functioning was investigated with regard to four alcoholic gases. In order to improve the sensing conditions, the sensitivity and response of ZnOnanorods in the temperature range of 50-300°C were studied. The working temperature of 47°C was selected as the optimal temperature and important variables such as sensitivity of the sensor, response time, and recovery time were obtained for the four testing gases at constant temperature and different concentrations. Results revealed that by usingZnO array nanorods,alcoholic gases with highsensitivity can be detected.

The problem of optimal economic operation of HYDROTHERMAL electric power systems is solved using powerful continuation method. While in conventional approach, fixed generation voltages are used to avoid convergence problems, in the proposed algorithm, they are treated as variables so that better solutions can be obtained. The algorithm is tested for a typical 5-bus and 17-bus New Zealand networks. Its capabilities and promising results are assessed.