In this paper we introduce two-wavelet constants for square integrable representations of homogeneous SPACEs. We establish the orthogonality relations for square integrable representations of homogeneous SPACEs which give rise to the existence of a unique self adjoint positive operator on the set of admissible wavelets. Finally, we show that this operator is a constant multiple of identity operator when G is a semidirect product group of a unimodular subgroup K and a closed subgroup H.

It is henceforth a commonplace; the science-fiction would be a refractory genre by nature against the definitive assimilation to the literary mainstream. We can say that the usual thematic of the genre, to which is added the irresistible propensity to prospect the future in all its forms, immunizes the SF against the “academic confinement” to the benefit of other forms of confinement. Indeed, the SF belongs to the great family of the paraliterature where the more or less listed subgenres are waiting to receive a likely definition. Popular genre which relies on a remarkable poetic, the SF is an open place to the imagination, to the verbal and the figurative creativity. It owns itself its subgenres, among other things, the SPACE opera which was, in a way, the original matrix of the speculative fiction and of its contemporary imitators. The Sternberg’s work did not have a special vocation to feed the already rich world of the science-fiction. It constitutes however a new step liable to bring a touch of self-reflexivity, we will notice that, to the history of this genre. French: “Le Navigateur” de Jacques Sternberg ou la phylogenese parodiee du SPACE opera C’est dorenavant un lieu commun, la science-fiction serait un genre par nature refractaire a l’assimilation definitive au mainstream litteraire. Nous dirons que les thematiques habituelles du genre, auxquelles viennent se meler l’irresistible propension a prospecter l’avenir sous toutes ses formes, immunisent la SF contre “l’enfermement academique” au profit d’un enfermement d’un autre genre. En effet, celle-ci appartient, comme on le sait, a la grande famille de la paralitterature ou se cotoient les sous-genres plus ou moins repertories en attente de recevoir un semblant de definition. Genre populaire s’appuyant sur une poetique singuliere, la SF est un lieu ouvert a l’imagination, a la creativite verbale et figurative. Elle possede elle-meme ses sous-genres, entre autres, le SPACE opera qui fut en quelque sorte la matrice originelle de la fiction speculative et de ses emules contemporaines. L’oeuvre sternbergienne n’eut guere pour vocation de nourrir le repertoire deja riche de la science-fiction. Elle constitue neanmoins une etape non repertoriee susceptible d’apporter, nous le constaterons, une touche d’auto-reflexivite a l’histoire du genre.Keywords: Jacques Sternberg, Nouvelle, Science-Fiction, SPACE Opera, Aventure, Fiction Speculative

Metaheuristic algorithms have been increasingly used in different fields. The application of these algorithms for identifying and modelling natural phenomena such as flood and drought in terms of complexity and non-linear interactions can be considered as their capability in hydrology. In this paper, Symbiotic Organism Search (SOS) algorithm was first introduced, then its application in tuning fuzzy expert system, aiming to find the region of influence area of hydrometric stations in the Southern Caspian Sea Basin. This basin has regularly experienced flood events, causing human loss and properties damages every year. The outcome of this research is used to estimate floods, and subsequently, to design flood control structures. A total of 61 hydrometric stations were selected in the study area and their physical, climatic and hydrologic characteristics including area, perimeter, minimum elevation, maximum elevation, mean slope, stream length, slope of main stream, equivalent rectangle length, equivalent rectangle width, form factor, shape coefficient, Gravelious factor, round coefficient, and mean annual precipitation were determined. Results indicated that out of 16 parameters, area, mean elevation, form factor, Gravelious factor, and mean annual rainfall, were the most significant parameters in relation to flood by employing the SOS. These variables were used as the input variables into the fuzzy system and SOS algorithm to tune the fuzzy system. Finally, the efficiency of the SOS algorithm was evaluated using the linear torque heterogeneity statistic. Therefore, 61 influence areas were determined that show HOMOGENOUS areas in 61 watersheds. Results indicated the performance of SOS in determining region of influence of the sub-basins in the study area. In addition, the geographical vicinity is not a suitable criterion for finding HOMOGENOUS areas.

In this paper, the applicability of Euler's HOMOGENOUS equation method in detecting gravity anomalies from gravity or microgravity data is addressed. The stability of Euler solutions with respect to the window size, window position and choice of the structural index value (defining the anomaly attenuation rate) is analyzed and demonstrated using synthetic microgravity data created for different anomaly models. The analysis reveals that the optimum window size required to obtain the best solutions is a function of the source depth. The horizontal location parameters can be determined correctly if the window is located in the region of high derivatives regardless the assigned structural index v. Meanwhile, depth solution is linearly dependent on the structural index and incorrect choice of structural index leads to significant error in the estimated depth.

Background: Cement SPACE is necessary for seatabillity and fitness of cast crowns, but can affect crown's retention. In this study the interrelationship between them was investigated via die spacing.Materials and Method: For evaluating the effect of die spacing (cement SPACE) on crown retention after cementation, 50 similar machined metallic dies were prepared and divided into five groups and coated with 0.2, 4, 6, 8 layers of paint-on standard die SPACEr, respectively. Cast crowns. Were fabricated on the dies using base metal alloys, and then cemented with zinc phosphate cement under a constant load of 5kg for 10 minutes. The samples were started in distilled water for 48 hours. Then the force required to remove each crown from the die was measured with instron.Results: Statistical analysis revealed a significant increase in the force required (crown retention) by adding layers of die SPACEr (p<0.05).Conclusion: Because retention didn't show any significant increase with more than 4 layers of die SPACEr, so optimum thickness of die SPACEr (or cement SPACE produced) is suggested to be 4 layers equal to 40 microns.

Fair premium pricing is one of the main concerns in insurance texts. In this paper, by considering the demand functions, costs of claims and values at risks in HOMOGENOUS risk groups of cargo insurance policies, we determine the optimum premiums. Higher prices lead to have higher income from policy, meanwhile the number of customers will be reduced. Therefore, optimizing the prices is necessary. In this paper, the estimated demand functions are exponential. Hence, the proposed price optimization problem is nonlinear with a nonlinear constraint. The constrain leads to having higher prices for bad risks and lower prices for good ones. In addition, the proposed model makes it possible to control the average of the values at Risks. Calculations show that for these datasets, the values of elasticities are lower for good risks. Moreover, increasing the average of values at risks reduces the optimum prices and increases the income. Meanwhile, increasing the average of values at risks for higher than special values, does not increase the income.

Purpose: Passive Acoustic Thermometer (PAT) is a safe method for internal temperature estimation that works based on acoustic radiation of materials with a specific temperature. Several experimental studies have been carried out so far in the field of PAT. While, to the best of our knowledge, there is no simulation-based research reported yet. Materials and Methods: In this article (for the first time) we proposed a simulation framework for evaluating the PAT methodologies. This framework supports the generation of acoustic radiation, signal processing, parameter estimation, and temperature reconstruction processes. At the moment, the proposed framework estimates the temperature in the frequency domain and uses the frequency spectrum of the acquired ultrasound signals captured by a single transducer. Results: Using the proposed framework, we tried to implement previously practical experiments and the results of the simulation are consistent with those of the practical experiment. The mean error of temperature estimation was below 0. 45 ° C. The results show that it is possible to use this framework to evaluate the PAT in different scenarios. Conclusion: Therefore, this method enhances the possibility of examination of different conditions and algorithms. It also reduces the cost of practical experiment.

Earth science methods for mapping, discretization, and separation of HOMOGENOUS regions are recently used extensively to estimate the natural landscape response to hydrologic processes. For more HOMOGENOUS study areas, the accuracy of the precision increases and the operation of water resources management system and/or natural wizard controls are less complicated. There are several methods to natural landscape discretization to identify HOMOGENOUS regions. Because of continuity in landscape specifications, the use of Fuzzy classification/ clustering methods such as Fuzzy CMean (FCM) can be a desirable choice. In this study the FCM was used for discretization of HOMOGENOUS regions in regards to runoff generation for Walnut Gulch Experimental Watershed (WGEW) located in southeast Arizona. This watershed is selected to benefit from the quality and adequacy of the hydrologic data. The process of choosing and preparation of data was addressed earlier in texts. The Principal Components Analysis (PCA) was performed and then the three essential steps for making decisions based on the FCM method was taken; determination of appropriate fuzzifier; controlling of Confusion Index (CI), and optimization of number of clusters using validation indices. It was shown that use of these validation indices would surely not lead to determination of optimal number of clusters and therefore a rational method was proposed.

Dams failure by the over tapping from them is common that have property and environmental damage. So, this research scheduled for showing dam failure. For collecting soil mechanic parameters and them effects on time failure Used from experimental models such as downstream. Therefor in Laboratory were made earth dam models with similar downstream and upstream slopes that slops were 1: 1 and 1: 2 slop in down and upstream dam. For embanked models used three types of soil which one model constructed S soil and two models from SC soil). Six earths dam's models were made in glass flume. Soils used had 1. 05, 0. 51 and 0. 07millimeter diameter average and respectively angle internal friction were 14, 18 and 23. Experiments were done with putting up head water in pound with maximum level. Score profiles were depicted while water passes was started in step of time. Accordingly, height and width of score gap determined with point gage and laser meter in time steps. In first model with coarse-grain soil showed that gap width of score was stable in passing time but height of gap is formed to waterfall which this height was changed accelerate. In this case score model was depth. Additional, in second model that prepared with 25 percent core soil (adhesive soil) and 75 percent fine soil (non-adhesive soil). During the time width gap was increased because energy lost from hydraulic jumps below slop couldn't overcame top of dam's models so score profile showed that water fall with high was formed floor of slop. This waterfall until dam failure was stable. Finally. By considering Mechanic Soil Parameter in Coulomb tension behaviors of dams was analyzed. Also, in third model that prepared with 50 percent core soil (adhesive soil) and 50 percent fine soil (non-adhesive soil) diagrams of score was depicted. In this model during the time score gap width was increased but in gap height was formed with several waterfalls. Height of waterfalls were less height from second model. This case was effect on dam failure. Generally, with increases average diameter and angle internal friction effect on decrease time failure and made increase. In addition, mount of score in models was calculated and was investigated.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to compare the effects of A) a flame heated endo plugger, B) GatesGlidden drills and C) GPX drills on the apical seal for the purpose of post SPACE preparation. Materials & Methods: The crowns of sixty six extracted maxillary central teeth were removed from CEJ by a diamond disc and the root canals were prepared and obturated with guttapercha and sealer (Ah26) using lateral condensation technique. Six teeth were used as positve and negative control groups and the other sixty teeth were divided into 3 groups, each group containing 20 teeth. The post SPACE in these 3 groups was made by either A/a hot plugger, B/# 3or# 4 Gates glidden drills and C/# 40 or # 50 GPX drills and apical dye leakage in each group was measured by stereomicroscope and the Anova test was used to compare the mean amount of dye leakage between groups.Results: Between these 3 groups, the minimal mean dye leakage was related to the hot plugger group and the maximum mean leakage was observed in Gates glidden drill group. There was significant statistical difference between the groups (P=0.005).Conclusion: The GPX drills for the purpose of post SPACE preparation affect apical seal less than Gates glidden drills.