Wetland plants are often the most conspicuous component of wetland ecosystems. They are grouped into hydrophytes, helophytes, and hygrophytes. In this research, the wetlands flora of HAMEDAN PROVINCE, including natural and artificial wetlands, permanent and seasonal rivers and streams and wet mountain meadows, were studied. The results of this study showed that the flora of the wetlands of HAMEDAN PROVINCE consisted of 45 families, 111 genera and 163 species. And, 13 families of these plants belonged to monocots, 31 families to dicots and 1 family to the pteridophyta. Families of Asteraceae with 15 genera and 20 species; Poaceae with 19 genera and 23 species, Cyperaceae with 8 genera and 19 species were the largest families of wetlands in Hamadan PROVINCE. In terms of their life forms, the wetland plants of HAMEDAN PROVINCE consisted of 8 species of hydrophytes, 51 species helophyte, 35 species of geophytes, 50 species of hemicryptophytes, 14 species of therophytes, 4 species of phanerophytes, and 1 species of chamaephytes. The chorology of species showed that 29 species of the wetland plants of HAMEDAN PROVINCE belonged to the European-Siberian elements, 38 species to the Iranotouranin elements, 1 species to the Mediterranean elements, 24 species to European-Siberian-Iranotouranin elements, 2 species to Euro-Siberian-Mediterranean elements, 3 species to the Mediterranean-Iranotouranin elements, 46 species to more than two elements, and 20 species to cosmopolitan.

This study mainly aims at investigating the issues and problems of rural girls. Statistical society includes the rural girls living in HAMEDAN PROVINCE in 2010; and among them, one hundred people are selected through sampling in a two-stage random method. This is a survey study that the validity of its tool was admitted by technical experts and its validity coefficient was also confirmed by Cronbach’s alpha (92.50). Study results indicate that the rural girls face five categories of problems (factors) and among these, the first priority goes to the cultural-social problems; also, 77.784 percent of the total variance is totally explained by these factors; in addition, the individual and social variables influence the rural girls’ problems. Finally, according to the study results, a number of recommendations in solving the rural girls’ problems are also presented.

With enhanced production from limited resources being a main policy of economics in every society, it is a prerequisite to development to identify and invest in local capacities. The current study, as an attempt in line with the above, aims to identify the industrial grounds susceptible for cooperative investment To do so, a factor analysis was employed as the technique and the data analyzed were the statistical data for the years 1997 and 2005, published by Iran's Statistics Center. According to the findings in terms of factor analysis points, industrial fields in HAMEDAN PROVINCE fall into five priority areas, which can be helpful in recognizing those industries that merit to be invested in.

Collection and Determination of Medicinal Plants in HAMEDAN PROVINCE have been carried out since 1995 for five years in the center of national resources and animal affairs of HAMEDAN PROVINCE. Medicinal plants of different regions were collected by using field study and information of experienced people traditional medicine. Some informations including scientific name, family name, Persian name, local name, botany specifications, distribution area in the PROVINCE, herbarium number, habitat, the height from sea level, utilized organ, manner of usage, liables to use in traditional and local medicine, and chemical composition in species, etc. were recorded for each medicinal plant. By the end of project, totally 6000 herbaceous species were collected from different regions of the PROVINCE, which 315 medicinal plants were identified and related to 71 families and 209 genus. These numbers included species which were self-grown (wild) in natural resource boards of PROVINCE and 159 species have traditional usage in the PROVINCE and 156 species are out of traditional and indigenous use but they are called medicinal plants in drug resources.

Social development is a concept that is associated with how individuals live; enhance their level of life, and related to issues such as housing, employment, education and leisure activities. Social development is a step towards the creation of security among citizens, which is resulted to balance in society. The purpose of this paper is to measure and evaluate the social development indices and to show the development levels of the cities of Hamadan from the benefiting of spaces and social development points of view. The research method is comparative and social indicators were used. Statistics and indices used in this study are from the statistical calendar of 1390. Also, this is an applied research and TOPSIS model is used. Regarding the considered criteria for the classification of cities, Bahar, Hamadan and Malayer ranked as the first to third and Kaboudarahang, Asadabad, Tuyserkan and Nahavand ranked as the next level.

Since the implementation and development of a productive activity would be recommendable and can be developed after identifying. its economic aspects, and because the accuracy of implementation of projects in different fields is extremely important, especially in animal husbandry, economic evaluation of production units in order to evaluate the performance of units is enjoy a special place. In this research effort were given to the examination of economic evaluation of ostrich fattening breeding units in Hamadan PROVINCE, according to the present sitnations. units selected in this study using stratified sampling and data collected through interviews and questionnaires of ostrich farmers in Hamadan. Indices studied in this research were net present value, benefit to cost ratio and internal rate of return. The results showed that the net present value of ostrich fattening breeding units was positive and greater than zero, the benefit to cost ratio was greater than one internal rate of return was high. In other words, the construction of ostrich fattening breeding in HAMEDAN PROVINCE is economically beneficial.

Background: Domestic animals play a significant role in the distribution of Brucella infection to humans. Particularly, horses have a high impact on the transmission of zoonoses due to long life and multi-function. This project was conducted in HAMEDAN Veterinary Office for the primary assessment of Brucella infection in horses in HAMEDAN PROVINCE using the serology technique. Methods: Between April 2019 and January 2019, a total of 495 horse blood samples was collected from different equestrian clubs of HAMEDAN PROVINCE. The animals were of different breeds without the clinical signs of disease. The samples were evaluated for the presence of anti-Brucella antibodies using the Rose-Bengal plate test (RBPT). Results: All animals were negative for Brucella antibodies. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first evaluation of Brucella infection in horses from an intensive system in Iran. The prevalence of brucellosis in horses was low and it had no significant impact on the transmission of infection to humans. Conclusions: Regular screening programs, along with the quarantine and elimination of animal transfer are essential for controlling the disease.

The Pythium species were studied in HAMEDAN PROVINCE during 2007-2009. Samples were collected from various parts of the PROVINCE including HAMEDAN, Nahavand, Malayer, Asadabad, Ghahavand, Touiserkan, Serkan, Razan and Joraghan. Species were identified based on morphological characters of sexual and asexual stages. Of the total of 150 isolates of Pythium recovered, the following 12species P. aphanidermatum, P. deliense, P. hydnosporum, P. irregulare, P. macrosporum, P. oligandrum, P. perplexum, P. pyrilobum, P. salinum, P. tracheiphilum, P. ultimum var ultimum and Pythium group G. were identified. Pythium group G was the dominant species, representing 28% of isolates. According to our knowledge this is probably the first report of isolation of Pythium hydnosporum from Plumbago europaea in the world, while P. hydnosporum, P. macrosporum, P. perplexum and P. pyrilobum are new records for mycoflora of Iran.

Abortion is considered as an important factor for economic losses in flocks of sheep and goats, cause by many different infectious agents. The most common cause of infectious abortion in domestic animals are bacteria. In this cross sectional study, the prevalence of bacterial agents in 226 cases of abortion in sheep and goats in the HAMEDAN PROVINCE were studied. Bacterial agent were isolated as from 61 sample (26.99%), including 12 sample brucella (5.3%), 1 sample campylobacter (0.44%), 37 sample E.coli (16.93%) and 11 sample other bacteria (4.87%). According to the results, bacterial agents with focus an brucella, have low role of abortion in the examinated cases. So, evaluation of viral and parasitic agents of abortionin sheep and goat (for example blue tongue disease &Toxoplasmosis) is necessary for determining their role in this issue. On the other hand, managment control of abortion is an important step in reducing the cases.

Two important characteristics of the HAMEDAN Climatic condition is uneven precipitation distribution and of 24-hour maximum precipitation between 20th of March and 20th of April. This large amount of the rainfall matter enhances probability of occurring dangerous flood this PROVINCE. In this area precipitation is snow and its melting time is the same time of the rain. Therefore, at this date the Water River increases. In the other months of year the reason of flood is due to the uncovered land. The factors flood in HAMEDAN PROVINCE is divers. the important causes of flooding in the area include: weather, Inequlity, Vegetation, act. Heavy rains cause flooding is the most basic. in this study, maximum daily precipitation in order to predict the valume of water extractive due to flooding and water resources management planning, is studied. For this purpose, according to the maximum 24-hour rainfall, map elevation model and gradient precipition and rain map area for the return period 2, 10, 25, 50, using the best statistical distribution for the region (Gumble Distribution) was estimated and zoing in the GIS (Kriging method) environment by reducing the return period, daily rainfall is likely to decrease. Accordingly in the back of the above Soath East and North West provence has the highest daily rainfall is possible that the frequency of floods occurred the PROVINCE reflects this fact that the most devastating floods in these areas and devoted. (floods in 1366 in the region of Kabudarahang) the maps Eastern PROVINCE PMP least daily. The results of these studies can be expected in the zoning and flood, as well as planning and management of water resources used.