Forty two small ruminants, 26 (61.90%) sheep and 16 (38.10%) goats were treated for rumen acidosis. 19 (45.24%), 12 (28.57%), 6 (14.29%) and 5 (11.90%) animals had eaten apple, cooked rice (wazwan left over) turnip and chapatti respectively and manifested clinical form of ruminal acidosis with, 2.86%; (n=18) as mild (Rumen fluid pH=6.32 ±0.09316), 38.09%; (n=16) moderate (Rumen fluid pH=5.71 ±0.074) and 19.05%; (n=8) (Rumen fluid pH=4.54 ±0.159) as severe ruminal acidosis and accordingly they were classified as group I, II and III, respectively. In group I rumen motility was reduced (1.67±0.162) and subsequently it was almost absent in group III (0.13±0.125). Rectal temperature recorded to be 102.58±0.166, 101.26±0.188 and 100.83±1.061 in group I, II and III respectively. There was a significant increase heart and respiratory tares before treatment in all the groups. A significant increase in blood glucose and Hb, PCV and TEC was also observed in mild, moderate and severe acidotic animals. Therapeutic measures consisted of neutralization of acidity by oral and / or parenteral use of isotonic (1.3%) and hypertonic (5%) sodium bicarbonate with adequate fluid therapy. Oral and parenteral use of isotonic (1.3%) sodium bicarbonate was given to moderate rumen acidosis. Administration of oral sodium bicarbonate, bolus Rumentas was given to groups I and II and a course of antihistaminic drug was also given to all the groups of animals. Moreover, animals of group II and III were also offered intravenous injection of high dose vitamin B1 along with fluids. Gastric lavage and cud transplantation following rumenotomy was done in animals of group III. All animals except two (one each from group II and III) were recovered uneventfully.

Background: High levels of Serum ferritin are not usual in patients without iron OVERLOAD. Such condition can be seen in patients with cancer, liver disease or infections, and also can be one of the presentations of a syndrome. In all these condition iron OVERLOAD cannot be detected and high levels of ferritin dose not mean the lack of iron depletion or iron defiiency anemia and are exclusively related to inflammation. Case Report: In this article, a patient is introduced without any history of multiple transfusion and iron OVERLOAD, with high levels serum ferritin during the process of an infection disease, while she had a moderate iron deficiency anemia. Conclusion: According to underlying disease and serum ferritin levels in the patient and review of related articles seems that serum ferritin like the CBC, CRP and ESR can act as acute phase reactant so it increase at severity phase of infection and decreased with treatment of it.

The diagnosis of cryptogenic cirrhosis is an exclusion diagnosis. It has become far less frequent over the last decades, but it still effects a significant number of patients. Many previously unknown chronic liver disease entities were described in the second half of the last century, including chronic viral hepatitis B, C and D, along with refined criteria for diagnosing autoimmune hepatitis and insights into the pathogenesis and disease progression of fatty liver disease.

Iron-OVERLOAD is considered as a risk factor for cancer. This carcinogenic effect of iron-OVERLOAD can be explained by increase in the production of free radicals and reactive oxygen species. Today, besides the treatment of iron deficiency which is highly prevalent among children and women of childbearing age, preventing excessive accumulation and storage of iron in the body which may be caused by some genetic disorders or inappropriate use of iron supplements, is of particular importance. Moreover, the source of iron intake should be considered while talking about carcinogenic effects of iron, because during meat processing heme molecule undergoes some alterations which may explain the difference in carcinogenicity of cured meat in comparison with fresh meat. Experimental and clinical studies suggest that excessive iron intake may be associated with an increased risk of colorectal, liver, breast and lung cancer. However, results of the studies investigating the relation between prostate cancer and iron are inconsistent. In conclusion, in order to prevent adverse consequences of iron-OVERLOAD, meeting body’s iron needs by consuming plant-based sources and white meats, and avoiding processed meats seem to be logical.

SIP is considered as a signaling protocol for IP multimedia subsystem (IMS) and IMS is introduced as the next generation networking platform. Unlike positive features such as text-based, IP-based, data-independent, support mobility and end-to-end, SIP lacks a proper OVERLOAD control mechanism. Hence, this challenge will cause the widespread users of next generation networks to loss quality of service. IMS is a complex network consisting of subsystems, interacting with each other. As a result, multi-agent systems can be a useful tool to solve the IMS OVERLOAD. Therefore, each IMS server is considered as an intelligent agent with learning and negotiation ability with other agents while maintaining autonomy therefore, the OVERLOAD is eliminated by communication and knowledge transferred between agents. In this paper, multi-agent system and their properties presents a hop-by-hop elimination-based method which simulation results show performance improvement compared to known methods.