Objective: “GLUTATHIONE, is a tripeptide” and known as GSH, just might be one of the most extraordinart overall health - boosters of modern nutritional medicine. GSH may help with everything from heightened immune system functioning to overcoming addictions to anti-aging and objective.” Many people are aware that sperm counts have dropped by half in the last 50 years, and those modern men have 20 percent less semen volume than their fathers. Persistent organic pollutants (POPs) and endocrine-disrupting chemicals from normal, everyday plastics are known to cause reproductive damage; Damage tosperm caused by exposure to common chemicals like alcohol and pesticides in food has been linked to lowered intelligence and behavioral disorders in children. Studies show that anti-oxidant supplementation - GLUTATHIONE in particular - can improve sperm quality, and possibly increase your chances of conceiving.Materials and Methods: This is review article.Results: Mammalian spermatozoa are coated by a membrane rich in polyunsaturated fatty acids . These fatty acids are extremely susceptible to oxidative damage by free radicals or Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) by a process called lipid peroxidation (LPO). Lipid peroxidation damages the sperm cell membrance . It is considered to be the key mechanism of ROS- induced sperm damage and leads to * Loss of sperm motility * Abnormal sperm morphlogy * Reduced capacity for oocyte penetration * Infertility To protect sperm from damage, the body depends on powerful antioxidant enzymes in the body such as superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase, and GLUTATHIONE/reductase (GPX/GRD). Some amounts of all the antioxidant enzymes, which may protect spermatozoa from axidative attack, are also made by the epididymis during storage. The GLUTATHIONE peroxidase/reductase enzymes play a central role in the defense against oxidative damage in human sperm.Results and Discussion: A decrease in levels of reduced GLUTATHIONE (GSH) during sperm production is known to disrupt the membrane integrity of spermatozoa due increased oxidative stress. Intracellular GLUTATHIONE levels of spermatozoa are known to be decreased in certain populations of infertile men.Conclusion: GLUTATHIONE is not only vital to sperm antioxidant defenses, but selenium and GLUTATHIONE are essential to the formation of “ phosholipid hydroperoxide GLUTATHIONE peroxidase” -an enzyme present in spermatids - which becomes a structural protein in the mid-piece of mature spermatozoa. When either substance is deficient, it can lead to instability of the mid-piece of the spermatozoa, resulting in defective motility. Free radical scavengers - such as GLUTATHIONE-that restore the structure and function of poly - unsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) in the cell membrane, can be used to treat these cases.

Introduction: Oxidative stress due to overproduction of reactive oxygen species and impairment in antioxidant defense mechanisms have been suggested as possible factors contributing to the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis in patients with end-stage renal disease. We compared GLUTATHIONE levels, GLUTATHIONE peroxidase and GLUTATHIONE reductase activities, and total antioxidant capacity between patients on hemodialysis and peritoneal dialysis and healthy individuals.Materials and Methods: Thirty patients receiving regular hemodialysis and 12 on continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis were recruited as well as 25 healthy volunteers. Diabetes mellitus, recent febrile or infectious episodes, and hospitalization during the past month were the exclusion criteria. Erythrocyte GLUTATHIONE level, plasma activities of GLUTATHIONE peroxidase and GLUTATHIONE reductase, total antioxidant capacity were determined and compared between the three studied groups.Results: GLUTATHIONE levels and GLUTATHIONE peroxidase activity were markedly lower in the patient groups than in the controls. Conversely, higher activity of GLUTATHIONE reductase and total antioxidant capacity were noted in the patients than in the controls. There were no significant differences between antioxidant markers of the patients on hemodialysis and peritoneal dialysis. Strong positive correlation were observed between total antioxidant capacity and uric acid in the patients (r=0.59, P=.045 and r=0.63, P=.03, respectively).Conclusions: Although total antioxidant capacity of plasma is increased in patient on dialysis, depletion of GLUTATHIONE as a key antioxidant component and disturbances in its related enzymes show oxidative stress. This condition may increase the risk of developing cardiovascular disease in patients with end-stage renal disease.