Many tubular joints commonly found in offshore jacket structures are multi-planar. Investigating the effect of loaded out-of-plane braces on the values of the stress concentration factor (SCF) in offshore tubular joints has been the objective of numerous research works. However, due to the diversity of joint types and loading conditions, several quite important cases still exist that have not been studied thoroughly. Among them are internally ring-stiffened multi-planar XT-joints subjected to axial loading. In the present research, data extracted from the stress analysis of 81 finite element (FE) models, verified using experimental test results, was used to study the effects of geometrical parameters on the chord-side SCFs in multi-planar tubular XT-joints reinforced with internal ring stiffeners subjected to two types of axial loading. Parametric FE study was followed by a set of the nonlinear regression analyses to develop four new SCF parametric equations for the fatigue analysis and design of axially loaded multi-planar XT-joints reinforced with internal ring stiffeners.

Companies face changes, which sometimes appears as an opportunity and sometimes as a threat. Therefore, organizations must defend themselves against these challenges.Accordingly using the process of strategic planning plays a key role in the success of organizations, awareness of strength & weakness of the internal factors of organization and opportunities & threats. This helps the organization to evaluate its strategic position & place. In this article, the comprehensive framework for strategy Formulation is used to formulate the strategy, after forming the strategy Formulation committee, the mission statement of Dextroze Iran Company is appointed at the initiating stage; then at the input stage the External Factor Evaluation and Internal Factor Evaluation are brought. In comparing stage, we used SWOT matrix and Internal–External matrix with the information gathered from previous stages. At the final stage, corporate-level strategies are identified and ranked by using Quantitative Strategic Planning Matrix.

Considering the adverse effects of storage insect pests and their resistance to chemical insecticides, identifying safe, cost-effective, and durable methods to control and reduce storage pest-induced damage appears essential. Utilizing diatomaceous earth is one alternative to chemical pesticides for controlling stored-product insect pests. This study evaluated the insecticidal activity of diatomaceous earth at a concentration of 0.2 mg/cm2 against two stored-products insect pests, Rhyzopertha dominica F. and Tribolium confusum Jacqulin Duval, on concrete, mosaic, and galvanized steel surfaces. To this end, the surfaces were treated with different diatomaceous earth Formulations, including a commercial Formulation, SilicoSec®, an Iranian Formulation, Dryasil, Dryasil + 0.05% Mentha longifolia L. extract, and talcum powder + 0.05% M. longifolia extract. Mortality was measured 1, 3, 5, and 7 days after treatment. The experiment was conducted at 27 ± 1 °C, 60 ± 5% relative humidity, and dark conditions. The experiments were performed in nine replications (10 adults in each replication). The mortality percentage of R. dominica 7 days after treatment with Silicosec®, Dryasil alone, Dryasil + 0.05% M. longifolia extract, and talcum powder + 0.05% M. longifolia extract on galvanized steel were 43.33, 54.44, 33.33, and 25.55%, respectively. The results indicated that the mortality percentage of T. confusum on galvanized steel was 35.55, 45.55, 26.66, and 23.33%, respectively. The mortality of T. confusum was lower than that of R. dominica adults. Results indicated that the insecticidal effect of diatomaceous earth increased over time. Diatomaceous earth alone had a more significant insecticidal effect than combining them with M. longifolia extract. The highest percentage of mortality in all treatments was found on the galvanized steel, mosaic, followed by concrete surfaces, respectively. Therefore, Dryasil Formulation can be used to control stored-products pests in grain silos, although its insecticidal efficacy varies based on surface type

Since previous policies have failed to adequately address existing public issues in society and have often created new problems themselves, it is necessary to move towards utilizing new tools, such as artificial intelligence (AI), to enhance policymaking. This article aims to review the characteristics of artificial intelligence to answer the question of why its utilization is necessary in the policy Formulation process. To achieve this objective, among 100 articles retrieved from Google Scholar, 30 articles were selected, and subsequently, 10 articles were analyzed using note-taking to identify AI characteristics applicable to policy Formulation. Artificial intelligence possesses capabilities such as analytical power, recognition, learning, prediction, foresight, the creation of large databases, and neural networks. By leveraging these features, in addition to existing capabilities, it is possible to achieve more precise and higher-quality policies, thereby enabling intelligent policy Formulation

Background and the purpose of the study: Itraconazole is a poorly water soluble drug which results in its insufficient bioavailability. The purpose of the present study was to formulate Itraconazole in a nanosuspension to increase the aqueous solubility and to improve its Formulation related parameters, dissolution and hence oral bioavailability.Methods: Itraconazole nanosuspension was prepared by pearl milling technique using zirconium oxide beads as a milling media, Poloxamer 407 as a stabilizer and glycerol as a wetting agent. Effects of various process parameters like, stirring time and the ratio of the beads were optimized by keeping drug:surfactant: milling media (1:3.0:50) as a constant initially and then optimized process parameters were used to optimize Formulation parameters by 32 factorial designs. The optimized nanosuspension was lyophilized using mannitol (1:1 ratio) as a cryoprotectant. Nanosuspension was characterized by particle size and size distribution, drug content, scanning electron microscopy, differential scanning colorimetry and X-ray diffraction techniques.Results: Optimized nanosuspension showed spherical shape with surface oriented surfactant molecules and a mean particle diameter of 294 nm. There was no significant change in crystalline nature after Formulation and it was found to be chemically stable with high drug content.Conclusion: The in vitro dissolution profile of the optimized Formulation compared to the pure drug and marketed Formulation (Canditral Capsule) by using 0.1N Hydrochloric acid as release medium showed higher drug release.