The fundamental FREQUENCY of a rectangular orthotropic plate having an arbitrary thickness variation is computed by using the method of Modified Vibrational Mode (MVM) shapes. The change of thickness within a plate is characterized by introducing a tapering index. It is shown that the vibrational mode shapes of a tapered plate is in fact a linear combination of various mode shapes of intact plates. This phenomenon is used to estimate the vibrational mode shapes of stepped plates. In turn, these mode shapes are incorporated to evaluate their fundamental FREQUENCY. Many numerical analyses are carried out to represent the accuracy and robustness of the proposed method by comparing the results to the works presented by other researchers. The major advantage of the present method over the existing ones is its simplicity for handling the problem of force vibration of tapered plates.

Background: Trigeminal neuralgia is one of the most painful conditions in the head and face. This study was carried out to evaluate the effects and results of RF therapy on patients with trigeminal neuralgia who referred to Amir-alam Hospital. Materials and Methods: In this descriptive study, 84 patients with trigeminal neuralgia pain were studied. Patients were diagnosed based on their medical histories, physical examination, and paraclinical tests. Patients are admitted according to internationally accepted criteria such as the International Headache Society (IHS). The patients responded to the questions in the questionnaire before and after the surgery. In this questionnaire, the pain level of patients is assessed by the Visual Analogue Pain Scale (VAS). Results: The mean pain score before treatment was 7. 87, which decreased to 4. 83 after the treatment. According to the results obtained in this study, 18 patients (21. 4%) felt 4 levels of decrease in pain, as the predominant level of relief. Also, 15 patients (17. 9%) did not feel any subtraction of pain after the treatment. Of the 84 patients, only 1 patient experienced the reduction of pain as 9 levels of VAS, after the treatment. There was a significant relationship (P=0. 000) between the pain severity and the reduction in the amount of pain after the RF in respect to the amount before the treatment. Also, in the regression equation obtained from the study of the effects and role of patients’ age, gender, as well as the history of pain in patients before the RF treatment, only the gender of the patients had a significant relationship with the amount of pain reduction and comparison of its pre and post treatment. (P=0. 054) and (B=-0. 886) and (β =-0. 216). Also, there was no significant relationship between pain intensity (P=0. 761), age of patients (P=0. 829), or history of pain (P=0. 139) with pain reduction and comparison of pain intensity before and after RF treatment. During the treatment of RF, very few side effects was reported. Conclusion: According to the results, RF treatment is an effective method for reducing pain in both short-term and long-term pain, in patients with trigeminal neuralgia. It is suggested that in patients suffering from the pain resulting caused by trigeminal neuralgia, due to drug resistance or who are intolerance to possible adverse effects, or in patients with lack of response from drug therapy, the therapeutic approach of RF is a valuable way for pain relief.

Background: Chronic renal failure is an important and common complication of diabetes mellitus. Therefore, renal transplantation is a frequent and the acceptable treatment in patients with diabetic nephropathy requiring renal replacement therapy. On the other hands, renal transplantation and its conventional treatment can lead to increased diabetes outbreak in normoglycemic recipients. Also, uncontrolled hyperglycemia may increase allograft loss and decreased patient survival.Objective: To assess the FREQUENCY of hyperglycemia in transplant patients and its risk factors.Methods: A large retrospective study was performed in 3342 adult kidney transplant recipients between 2008 and 2010. Demographic and laboratory data gathered for each patient. All tests were done in a single laboratory. Hyperglycemia was defined as fasting plasma glucose>125 mg/dL. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were used to determine the risk factors of hyperglycemia following kidney transplantation.Results: There were 2120 (63.4%) men and 1212 (36.3%) women. The prevalence of hyperglycemia was 22.5%. By univariate linear regression, hyperglycemia was significantly higher in patients with CMV infection (p=0.001), elevated serum creatinine (p<0.001), low HDL (p=0.01), and increased blood levels of cyclosporine (p<0.001). After adjusting for covariates by multivariate logistic regression, the hyperglycemia rate was significantly higher for patients with cyclosporine trough level>250 (p<0.001), serum creatinine>1.5 (p<0.001) and HDL<45 (p=0.03).Conclusion: Hyperglycemia is a common metabolic disorder in Iranian kidney transplant patients. Risk factors for hyperglycemia were higher cyclosporine level, impaired renal function, and reduced HDL value.

An efficient methodology is proposed to find optimal shape of arch dams on the basis of constrained natural frequencies. The optimization is carried out by virtual sub population (VSP) evolutionary algorithm employing real values of design variables. In order to reduce the computational cost of the optimization process, the arch dam natural frequencies are predicted by properly trained back propagation (BP) and wavelet back propagation (WBP) neural networks. The WBP network provides better generalization compared with the standard BP network. The numerical results demonstrate the computational merits of the proposed methodology for optimum design of arch dams.

Background: Infertile women suffering from more psychological distress than other people. Women with involuntary childlessness have higher depression scores than others. Psychological factors are predictor for successive treatment and fertility. Cognize needs to be taken of these factors for effective treatment. The aim of this study was to evaluate the relative FREQUENCY of depressive disorder in infertile women in an infertility clinic in Rasht.Materials and Methods: In a descriptive study, 240 infertile women with simple sampling were evaluated. Variable were included: depressive disorders, age and duration of infertility. Beck questionnaire was used to evaluate the psychological status. Then, infertile women with positive Beck score (16≤) were examined by psychiatrist make definitive diagnosis of depression. Collected data were processed with EPI-2000 (a=0.05).Results: 84 (35%) of 240 women with infertility had positive Beck scores (16≤). Of 84 patients with positive Beck score, 8 were excluded for different reasons such as refusal and inability for cooperation. Clinical diagnosis and interview proved 57 (24.56%) of them to be depressed, respectively. The most relative FREQUENCY of depression was in 24-30 years old women and women with duration of infertility more than 5 years. Minor depression was the most prevalent depressive disorder.Conclusion: According to this study, the prevalence and severity of psychological disorders of infertile women indicates the appropriateness of screening and referring these patients for psychological evaluation.

Background: Filamentous fibrin strands (FSs) attached to valve prostheses have been well described in patients undergoing transesophageal echocardiography (TEE), but the FREQUENCY and clinical significance of these strands remain poorly defined. We aimed to determine the FREQUENCY of prosthetic valve strands and to assess their association with anticoagulant status, location, type, and number of prosthetic heart valves.Methods: In total, 300 consecutive patients with prosthetic heart valves, who were referred for clinically indicated TEE, were evaluated for the presence of FSs (defined as highly mobile, fine, filamentous masses with less than 1 mm thickness).Results: FSs were found in 141 (47%) patients. Significant associations were observed between the presence of FSs and anticoagulant status (P-value < 0.001). The location and number of the prosthetic valves had no statistically significant associations with the strands. The FSs were found more frequently on mechanical than on bioprosthetic valves (P-value = 0.004). A logistic regression model showed that greater values of international normalized ratio, bioprosthetic valves, and daily intake of ASA, had negative associations with the strands. Conclusions: There was significant associations between FSs and patients’ anticoagulation status; we would, therefore, suggest intense anticoagulation and close follow-up for these patients.

Background: Members of the Malassezia genus are often lipophilic, observed as budding yeasts and found as commensals in the skin of humans. This genus opportunistically reside in several areas including scalp where under the influence of particular predisposing factors, their proliferation is increased (e.g., high activation of sebaceous glands), and leads to dandruff and seborrheic dermatitis, which together affects >50% of human beings. The proliferation of yeasts in scalp creates health and hair hygiene problems. In this study we determined the type and FREQUENCY of Malassezia species in scalp dandruff in order to have epidemiologic and therapeutic understanding.Materials and Methods: Differentiation tests were done for scalp samples, including: morphology, Tween 20, 40 and 80 assimilation tests, hydrolysis of bile-esculin, catalase and growth on Sabouraud dextrose agar with chloramphenicol and cycloheximide (SCC) and sediment production on mDixon agar medium.Results: FREQUENCY of various Malassezia species from 140 scalp samples from volunteers of both gender were found as: M. globosa (46.5%), followed by M. furfur (27.0%), M. restricta (12.7%), M. sympodialis (6.5%) and M. slooffiae (0.8%).Conclusion: In view of high prevalence of M. globosa, its invasive characteristics and the role of predisposing factors in the more proliferation of this species in scalp should be considered.

Given is a set of stations linked by railway tracks, forming an undirected railway network. One or more lines are formed in this network. Each line consists of an origin station, a destination station, and a number of intermediate stations. In order to complete the line configuration, it is needed to decide the FREQUENCY (number of services per hour) and the capacity (number of carriages) for each train. This problem is called the line FREQUENCY and capacity setting. In this work, an IL based algorithm for solving this problem when the objective function is the net profit, is proposed. A version of this problem that takes into account the passenger behavior is also considered. Finally, some computational results are presented.

Background: We aimed to investigate the etiologic causes and the existence of Janus kinase 2 mutation (JAK2) in cases with thrombocytosis. Methods: In this retrospective study, patients who were admitted to hematology clinic with thrombocytosis between 2013 and 2015 were investigated in terms of the etiological causes of thrombocytosis and the existence of JAK2 mutation. Results: We retrospectively evaluated 136 cases that underwent JAK2 mutation analysis due to ET preliminary diagnosis in our hematology clinic. The mean age of the patients was 56. 7± 15. 3 years (range: 22-86 years) and 71 (52%) were males. JAK2 mutation was found to be positive in 58 (42%) of cases. The mean platelet counts of the cases were 860. 25×109 / L (range: 455-1, 105 109 /L) and the mean spleen vertical length was 135. 1± 21. 6 mm (range: 110-220 mm). Conclusions: JAK2 mutation analysis and bone marrow biopsy are the two main procedures to diagnose primary thrombocytosis in adults with persistent thrombocytosis after excluding the causes of secondary thrombocytosis. Myeloproliferative neoplasms and essential thrombocytosis are the common causes of primary thrombocytosis in adults with persistent thrombocytosis, as myelodysplastic syndrome rarely causes primary thrombocytosis.