FISH tank or swimming granuloma caused by Mycobacterium marinum is an opportunist pathogen commonly found in aquatic environments. We present a 16 year-old boy with frequent exposure to aquarium water who had several nodules (sprotrichoid forms) on his right hand.Pervious studies showed that FISH tank granuloma is a rare skin infection (0.27 per 100,000 population in one year). However, taking proper history and considering the patient’s signs and symptoms could be helpful in diagnosis and treatment.

Sperm sexing is one of the important ways for sex preselection of offspring that with artificial insemination has the potential to considerably improve animal breeding and the efficiency of dairy and meat production. The base of this method is discrepancies between X- and Y-chromosome bearing sperms. X- and Y-bearing sperm cells can be separated by methods such as flow-cytometric measurement of sperm DNA content. In this research, to validate the accuracy of sperm sexing, we aimed to develop a simple method based on FISH technique to enable us to differentiate between X- and Y-bearing sperms. In order to do that, we attempted to make a homemade FISH probe specific for pericentromeric repetitive DNA block on the bovine Y-chromosome (locus DYZI, Yp13-q12). For this purpose, Genomic DNA was extracted from lymphocyte cells of bull. The specific DYZI primers were used for the amplification of Y pericentromeric region. The PCR products were then labeled with biotin-16-dUTP in a secondary PCR reaction. The labeled PCR product was then purified and dissolved in a hybridization buffer and used as a FISH probe. The Y specific FISH probe hybridized on the male metaphase and interphone cells fixed with methanol: acetic acid on slide show strong signals. Totally, production of the first FISH probe in Iran for detection bovine Y-chromosome was a big success and can be used for future studies about sexing. Also the made FISH probe at this study and primers can be applied to determine sex and ploidy status in bovine cells such as individual blastomeres or cell lines.

In this study, the effect of different levels of FISH Phos soluble mineral supplement (0, 2, 4 and 8 ml/kg diet) on the growth and nutritional performance of juvenile Sterlet sturgeon (Acipenser ruthenus) was investigated. For this purpose, a total number of 360 FISH with 17.1 ± 0.2 g initial weight (mean ± SD) and 17.3 ± 0.1 cm total length were randomly assigned to 12 circular concrete tanks (1.85 m diameter and 0.25 m depth). The FISH distributed in 4 treatments with 3 replicates (30 FISH per tank) and fed for 8 weeks. The results of growth and nutritional indices showed that the highest amount of feed conversion ratio and voluntary feed intake was observed in the FISH fed with 8 ml/kg mineral supplement, which had a significant difference with the control and other treatments (p<0.05). The highest survival rate was observed in the control treatment and 2 ml/kg diet, and with an increase in the dose of the supplement, the survival rate decreased (p<0.05). In other parameters including final weight, weight gain, body weight increase, specific growth rate, average daily growth, condition factor and feed intake no differences were observed (p>0.05). The present study showed that this mineral mixture could not have a positive effect on the growth and nutritional indices of juvenile Sterlet sturgeon in the studied weight range, and with increasing dosage, the survival rate was also decreased. Therefore, using this supplement in lower doses and for a longer period with a more complete combination of other elements can be recommended.

Introduction: Not being to get pregnant, after one year of unprotected sex is called infertility. In the post, infertility was mainly a female problem, but the role of male factors in infertility has denotation, although a greater percentage of this infertility is related to the deficiencies of semen. Methods: This case-control study was performed on sperm samples from 30 infertile oligoteratozoospermia (OT) patients as case group and 30 fertile and normosperm as controls, all the patients and controls between the ages of 20-49 years, who were referred to the Yazd Infertility Center for the treatment of infertility, were used to check the chromosomes 18, X and Y using the FISH technique. The results were considered using SPSS version 16 software and statistical tests T-TEST and Chi-Square Tests for statistical analysis and Pearson R correlation coefficient to measure the relationship between variables and statistical level P <0. 05. Results: Disorders were observed in infertile oligoteratozoospermia men who were significantly related to the control group and between the chromosomal abnormalities, sperm counts and morphology )P<0/01) and there was also significant difference in correlation between chromosomal abnormalities and duration of infertility (P<0/01). In addition, there was no correlation between chromosomal abnormalities and age, but the rate of chromosomal abnormalities in the age group of 40-49 years increased to 50%, which has the highest rate among age groups and definitely needs to be examined in a larger statistical population. Conclusion: This finding suggest that patients with OT may be at an increased risk of producing aneuploid offspring. Considering the chromosomal aneuploidy is recommended by cytogenetic molecular techniques.

Fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH) is a new diagnostic technique for specific detection of microorganisms at molecular level and direct visualization of microbial morphology. In this study, FISH technique was evaluated for detection of staphylococci. A set of 16S rRNA-targeted oligonucleotide probes were used for FISH, for detection of Staphylococcus aurous in sputum samples by FISH and comparison with conventional bacterial culture, 76 sputum samples were investigated. According to our data, sensitivity and specificity of FISH for detection of this bacterium were 86.7% and 100%, respectively. As another part of this study, 41 blood culture specimens were examined for detection of staphylococci. In compare with conventional culture methods, sensitivity and specificity of FISH for detection of S. aurous were 100%; and for non S. aurous species of staphylococci, sensitivity and specificity of FISH were 95.7% and 100% respectively. All steps of FISH technique were performed within 3h. Therefore, FISH is a rapid, sensitive, and specific technique for detection of staphylococci.

Ornamental FISH are classified as high value and low volume products. At each stage of the ornamental FISH supply chain, FISH are potentially exposed to stressors that can be detrimental to their welfare. During packaging, transport and adaptation, FISH can experience high stress and their welfare can be compromised, leading to reduced safety and high mortality. Meanwhile, the transportation of live FISH is known as the main cause of stress. It is estimated to be less than 5% for freshwater FISH and up to 80% for wild-caught marine FISH. One of the problems facing ornamental FISH trade regulations is the difficulty in monitoring the welfare of ornamental FISH. Rules have been defined for FISH welfare in food FISH aquaculture and for research processes, but few rules exist for the welfare of domestic and ornamental FISH. Indicators for determining well-being can be divided into two categories: behavioral and non-behavioral. For example, the physiological effects of high stocking density in ornamental FISH can lead to reduced water quality and increased aggressive behavior, while in some other species, low stocking can lead to increased territoriality and increased aggressive behavior by the dominant FISH, causing damage to weak ones. For this reason, it is necessary to understand the behavioral compatibility of different species of ornamental FISH. Also, changes in water quality between each stage of trade can expose the FISH to considerable stress. One of the reasons for the difficulty of creating operational welfare indicators (OWI) for ornamental FISH is the impact of the morphology of these FISH on natural and swimming behaviors, which in some species is due to genetic manipulations and etc. in FISH with big eyes, unnaturally long fins and bubbles. Another indicator of determining welfare is the use of observations of physical injuries, which in combination with behavior can be used to evaluate the welfare of ornamental FISH. Using the behavioral and non-behavioral indicators presented in this article, a suitable OWI can be defined for different species of ornamental FISH. To begin with, general indicators can be defined for larger categories (freshwater or saltwater FISH, carnivores or herbivores, ...), and gradually OWIs can be defined in more detail.