In this paper, we aim to investigate the Electric Conductivity of an out of equilibrium system of QCD at low temperatures. One way to study such systems is to apply a time dependent Electric field and examine the out of equilibrium behavior of the system. The Electric field produces pairs of quarks and antiquarks from the field theory vacuum leading to an Electric current. By using the relation between the applied Electric field and its relevant current, the Electric Conductivity of the field theory can be obtained. We use a non-critical holographic model of QCD to study the time dependent out of equilibrium solution of the system non-perturbatively and examine the effects of parameters such as Electric field magnitude and frequency as well as the charge density on Electric Conductivity. Finally, we compare our results with those from other holographic models.

Aims: In irreversible electroporation process, the membrane of cancer cells is damaged irreversibly by Electric pulses of high-intensity field, which in turn leads to cell death. Factors influencing the field distribution include voltage, pulse width, and Electric Conductivity of tissue. The present study was conducted with the aim of evaluating Conductivity changes of liver tissue during irreversible electroporation and calculation of the Electric field distribution. Materials & Methods: In the present experimental study, using simulation, the relationship between pulse width and voltage intensity of each pulse was investigated in Conductivity changes during irreversible electroporation, and the Electric field distribution was calculated. In this simulation, in order to solve the equations, the software COMSOL 5 was used. Needle electrodes were used, and the liver tissue was considered as the target tissue. Eight pulses with the stimulated frequency of 1Hz, pulse width of 100μ s and 2ms, and the intensity of the Electric fields ranging from 1000 to 3000v/cm were used as Electric pulses. Findings: Conductivity of tissue increased during sending the Electrical pulses. The Conductivity changes in the tip of the electrodes were more than the area between the two rows of electrodes. As the intensity of the pulsed Electric field increased, the tissue Conductivity also increased. When the Conductivity of the tissue was constant and variable, the maximum Electric field intensity was obtained 3879 and 3448v/cm. Conclusion: While Electric pulse transmission, tissue Conductivity increases. The Electric field distribution depends on the Conductivity at the desired point and by changing this Conductivity due to the electroporation, the Electric field distribution also changes and the maximum intensity of the Electric field decreases.

The optical properties and thermal Conductivity of carbon nanotubes in the presence of Nitrogen doping and Electric field investigated via the Green's function method and tight binding approximation. The doping and external fields lead to modifications in the density of state (DOS), optical properties, Electrical and thermal Conductivity. The band gap decreases by the Electric field until reaches zero and nanotubes with larger radius are more sensitive than small ones. The number and energies of peaks in the in the DOS and optical spectra are dependent on the Electric field strength and doping concentration. The Electrical and thermal Conductivity increases with temperature until reaches maximum value then decreases. The behaviors of these parameters in the external Electric field are different for pure and doped systems. By increasing the doping concentration and Electric field strength, they decreases in higher temperature.

Introduction: The initial spark of nanotechnology goes about half century. There is a lot of space in the low levels. Molecules and atoms are subject to change and new behaviors are expected of them. Nano polymers and nano composites are a part of nano materials. They are especially important because many applications have. Conductive polymers such as polyaniline have interesting properties, Conductivity, optically and electro activity. Numerous applications of this nano polymers and its composites can be visitor including electronics, sensors, protections of electrodes, absorption and transfer of heavy metals and removal of organic dye from solutions. Polyaniline protonated state has a good Conductivity, but poor mechanical properties. The production of composite by polyaniline and polyamide polymers such as insulation, and using the common solvent can be added to its mechanical properties.Aim: Synthesis of polyaniline and nano conductive polymer composite with the insulating polymer to increase mechanical properties, and study of Electrical properties, thermal of Pan/Ny66.Materials and Methods: At this stage, polyaniline synthesis by oxidation with ammonium persoulfate. The Electrical properties of Pan/Ny66 nano composite were analyzed by 4-point probe technique. UV-Vis Spectroscopy was used for thermal stability study. The tensile strength test was used to evaluate the mechanical and stability properties. Surface morphology changes were evaluated by scanning electron micrograph (SEM) before and after the production of composite.Results: Polyaniline procces due to poor mechanical properties and low strength of its disadvantages is considered. There is no study thermal stability and Electrical Conductivity under such conditions. Using formic acid as a common solvent for polyaniline and nylon66, Pan/Ny66 will provide by casting method.1 to 2 ratio of polyaniline to nylon66, is sealed. The thermal stability is high by composite production. Electrical Conductivity increases in the Pan/Ny66 composite.Conclusion: Casting method is used for the preparation of nano composite films. Using this method, increased on mechanical properties, thermal stability and Electrical Conductivity.

Nitrification inhibition (NI) by climax ecosystems has been suggested for decades, and this inhibitory effect seems to be a feature of wild genotypes rather than commercial cultivars. Many plants particularly grasses were suggested to have NI activity, and recently Brachiaria humidicola (BH) was shown to have promising control on nitrification rates through root exudates. In this study effects of different treatments such as N form (NH4+ vs NO3-) and N concentrations (1, 2 and 4 mM N), plant age, light intensity and different collecting mediums for root exudates on the NI activity of root washings were investigated. This was done using a series of nutrient solution experiments. The results showed that BH root exudates collected in distilled water, independent of light intensity, plant age, N-forms, N-concentrations and root exudates collection periods, had no significant inhibition on nitrification. However, root exudates collected in a 1 mM NH4Cl medium had significant inhibition on nitrification process in a soil bioassay. This inhibition was more highlighted when plants were grown in presence of ammonium rather than nitrate. In comparison to drying with rotary evaporator, freezed dried root exudates indicated significant NI in root exudates of plants which were grown in NH4+ under low light, while this effect was not seen under higher light intensity or nitrate nutrition. Measuring Electric Conductivity of solutions from root washing also showed higher Conductivity when ammonium presented in root medium, particularly in root exudates collecting medium over extended time (24 instead 6 hours).

Lentil (Lens culinaris. Medik) is one of the major cool season pulse crops which could suffer damage under severe cold. Some physiological parameters such as electrolyte leakage (EL) have been used to assess the response of crops to cold conditions. in order to evaluate the possibility of using the EL index for assessing the freezing tolerance of lentil genotypes, a factorial experiment carried out with seven lentil genotypes (MLC7, MLC60, MLC185, MLC225, MLC357, Ghazvin and Robat) and nine freezing temperatures (0, -3, -6, -9, -12, -15, -18, -21 and -24oC) on the base of completely randomized design with three replications on the fall 2008. Results showed that, in all genotypes, EL was increased with decreasing the temperature, and there was significantly difference (P).

Application of conductive carbon black in polymer blends remarkably increases Electric Conductivity of polymers. According to the results presented in this paper, Electric Conductivity of polymer blends containing. carbon black is increased in a non-linear way as the extent of carbon black increases. Also, there is an optimal amount of carbon black beyond which a significant change is observed in Electric property of polymer blends, i.e. carbon black contents smaller than this critical value (agglomeration thereshold) can not affect the Electric property of polymer blends. In addition, carbon black with higher structures reduces the agglomeration thereshold as well as addition of ionic materials. Moreover, increasing temperature, and consequently reduction of the blend viscosity, reduces the agglomeration threshold, as it facilitates the formation of conductive networks. Finally, effect of the test temperature on the blend Conductivity depends on the glass transition of the blend. Indead, increasing test temperature, reduces Electric Conductivity at first, but in the vicinity of glass transition temperature of polymer blend causes the Electric Conductivity to increase.

The frequent occurrences of wet and dry in the catchment area of the Gamasiab river located in the west of Iran, in addition to affecting the quantitative status of surface water, has caused changes in the water quality of the basin. Therefore, modeling and prediction of Gamasiab river water quality in wet and dry periods are research priority. In this study, an optimized artificial neural network (ANN) trained with three different optimization algorithms namely; particle swarm optimization (PSO), genetic algorithm (GA) and imperialist competitive algorithm (ICA) was proposed for predicting the Electric Conductivity (EC). For this purpose, water quality data from 1967 to 2017 collected at the hydrometric station in the Gamasiab river were used for developing and testing the models. First, the study program was divided into two periods of wet and dry, this classification based on flow rate in the river. Then, in a preliminary statistical analysis, the effective parameters were determined for EC estimation. The performance of the applied methods showed that the ANN optimized using ICA algorithm was better than the ANN optimized with GA and PSO, and also the standard ANN without optimization. Overall, the ANN optimized with ICA has higher R and lower MARE and RMSE, with values of 11. 56, 19. 63 and 0. 93, during the dry period, and 10. 63, 17. 19 and 0. 97 during the wet period, respectively.

The purpose of this research is to study and select the type of engine and circuits for connecting their windings in the generator operating mode of the Electric machine unit for the device of converting kinetic and mechanical energy of rotation in the Electric one. The design and principle of the device, which transforms the kinetic energy from pressure into an Electric one, is proposed. The results of experimental studies on the determination of the most efficient type of Electric engine in accordance with the value of the generated power output are presented. According to the results of the experiments, it was determined that a stepper motor DSh 200-1 is more efficient for one rotation in the forward and reverse direction with frequency f = 1. 185 Hz. The processing of experimental research was carried out using integral methods of mathematical physics, namely the trapezoid method. Integration of the received oscillograms allowed to determine the most effective circuit of connection of stepper motor DSh-200-1 stator windings. For one rotation in the forward and reverse direction with frequency f = 1. 185 Hz, the given circuit will provide the power of 0. 164 Watt.

polythiophene (PTh) and cobalt nanoparticles (Co-nps) were prepared by chemical oxidation and modified polyol processes respectively. Composites were made by mixing them in the proportions, PTh1-xCox; x = 0. 1, 0. 2, 0. 3, 0. 4, 0. 5. Morphology of the samples was studied by SEM technique. DiElectric properties with temperature and frequency as variables were investigated. DiElectric constant and loss factor decreased with frequency and increased with temperature. AC Conductivity was estimated from the diElectric data. Ac Conductivity decreased with increase of Co-nps in the composites which indicates that Electrically insulating effect has been induced by Co-nps. Small polaron hopping mechanism is found to be the conduction mechanism operated. Activation energy for ac conduction decreased with increase of frequency and weight percent of Co-nps in the composites. Electric modulus was determined and its analysis leads to the estimation of diElectric relaxation time. Relaxation time decreased with increase of temperature for all the five composites. For the first time PTh-Co nanocomposites have been reported for diElectric properties and ac Conductivity as a function of frequency and temperature.