In recent years, much more attentions have been focused on siRNA-based gene therapy. This approach is based on PTGS (Post-transcriptional gene silencing). Due to some defects in viral vectors, non-viral vectors have been used to deliver nucleic acids into target cells. Although, transfection efficiency in non-viral vectors is less than viral ones, but safety of non-viral vectors is much more. Characteristic features of siRNA, such as high compatibility, application in low doses and its versatility make it suitable in the gene therapy field. However, some challenges, such as stimulating immune system and Off-target silencing will be remain. In this review article, we express bottlenecks existing in siRNA Delivery into target cells. According to the information, with further development of siRNA Delivery in the future, it could be a promising approach in treatment for a variety of genetic diseases.

Objective(s): Donors contribute to financing, generating resources and providing healthcare services. This study aimed to explore donors' participation in healthcare Delivery in health system of Iran Methods: This qualitative study was performed using semi-structured interviews with 36 healthcare donors and 26 policy makers, managers and employees in social affairs deputy of the health ministry and universities of medical sciences in 2018. Purposeful and snowball methods were used for recruiting interviewees. In addition, document analysis was performed using related laws, regulations, policies, plans, etc. Thematic analysis method was used for data analysis. Results: Donors participate in the Delivery of physical, mental, and social healthcare services at preventive, curative and rehabilitation levels in Iran. Donors participate in the Delivery of healthcare services individually or in groups. They are involved directly through providing healthcare services and indirectly through building healthcare facilities and repairing healthcare technologies and instruments. Conclusion: Donors have significant roles in providing healthcare services in Iran. Hence, policy makers and managers should coordinate and maximize their participation using appropriate donor relationship management (DRM) strategies.

Background: Teamwork training is the most common method of strengthening teamwork in healthcare Delivery system. Therefore, the current study aimed to review the studies in the field of teamwork education in the healthcare Delivery system. Method: In this review study, scientific texts with the key-words of teamwork, inter-professional practice, teamwork training, knowledge, skills, and attitudes were searched in Google scholar, PubMed, Scientific Information Database (SID) and Magiran. Results: A variety of classroom-based, demonstration-and simulation-based methods are used for teamwork training. Various studies indicated that skills such as assertiveness, error management, and coordination as well as the knowledge of teamwork skills and attitudes towards teamwork are taught in healthcare Delivery system. Specifically, "Team strategies and tools to enhance performance and patient safety" is an evidence-based systematic approach that teaches applicable techniques that can be implemented in clinical settings. Furthermore, for the purpose of educational evaluation, the following tools have been used: assessment of individuals’ knowledge and attitudes, their team behaviors and processes and evaluation of patients’ outcomes through self-report, and observation. Conclusion: Different training methods can be effective on team processes and patients’ outcomes. However, methods that integrate teamwork into team’ s daily activities are more effective. Considering the differences in the nature of work in different wards, it is necessary to design training programs tailored to their requirements.

Patients want their personal needs to be taken into account. Accordingly, the management of care has long involved some degree of personalization. In recent times, patients’ wishes have become more pressing in a moving context. As the population ages, the number of patients requiring sophisticated combinations of long-term care is rising. Moreover, we are witnessing previously unvoiced demands, preferences and expectations (eg, demand for information about treatment, for care complying with religious practices, or for choice of appointment dates). In view of the escalating costs and the concerns about quality of care, the time has now come to rethink healthcare Delivery. Part of this reorganization can be related to customization: what is needed is a customized business model that is effective and sustainable. Such business model exists in different service sectors, the customization being defined as the development of tailored services to meet consumers’ diverse and changing needs at near mass production prices. Therefore, its application to the healthcare sector needs to be seriously considered.