Pulse DYE Laser (PDL) is mainly used to treat vascular lesions but several studies performed in different research centers have shown the efficacy of this safe laser in the treatment of non-vascular lesions as well. The aim of this study was to review, sum up and summarize these studies.PDL is a known alternative for cryotherapy in the treatment of some viral lesions such as periungual warts and molluscum contagiosum. The effect of this laser in the management of inflammatory lesions is not yet known and there have been controversial results. PDL has a very little effect on these dematoses and it is limited to the lesions with a clear vascular component, such as psoriasis and acne. Finally, regarding collagen remodeling and its usage in rejuvenation and in the treatment of hypertrophic scars, keloid and striae, the results from various studies are different and while they confirm its possible effect, more studies have to be conducted in order to determine appropriate treatment parameters.

Port-wine stain is a congenital vascular malformation originating from superficial dermal vessels which is characterized by ectasia of the capillaries. Currently, pulsed DYE laser (PDL) is used to treat these vascular lesions. To date, there are few reports of eczematous lesions due to PDL. Herein, we report three cases of eczema following PDL, used for treatment of port-wine stain in Razi hospital. Dermatitis following laser therapy is not frequent but may be seen occasionally. Therefore, patients should be informed on the possibility of this adverse effect before instituting the treatment.      

Pulsed DYE laser (PDL) is an effective treatment for port-wine stain and can cause some short-term and long-term side-effects. Pyogenic granoluma is one of its late-onset adverse effects. Herein, we present two cases of pyogenic granoluma following treatment of port-wine stain with PDL.      

Phenolic compounds, such as phenol, are found to be significant in agricultural and industrial wastewater, especially in petroleum and petrochemical industries. Since these industries make up a large share of foreign exchange earnings, we have ignored from the huge contamination of them. we produces a large amount of wastewater from these industries and dispossessed them without proper purification processes into rivers, ponds and seas. and cause Infect the environment. for example, the disposal of agricultural wastewater in Shadegan pond, such as the sugar cane development effluent, which it contains a wide range from phenolic compounds, including phenol, that it caused increase in phenol concentration up to 0. 01-0. 05μ, g/lit. due to the adverse effects on animals reproduction, it has reduced the populations of animal’, s species in this pond. These contaminants enter to the human body through entering in the food cycle of aquatics. These compounds are highly resistant and cannot be purified through conventional processes, and they are causing severe pollution in surface waters and underground waters. According to the shortage of these resources in our country, preservation of these resources is the great importance. Therefore, it is important to study of the new Purification methods that can remove these pollutants from wastewater. Among the new methods, photocatalytic removal by the semiconductors sensitized with natural pigments has been considered due to high economic efficiency. In this study which began in 1395, the first investigated the SENSITIZATION of titanium dioxide with natural pigments, and then we described how to deposition layers of them on aluminum substrates that prevent from wasting of them, which they are models for future filters. After that, the optimal values for the four parameters that have the greatest effect on the reaction in the aqueous medium are calculated: the optimal concentration of pollutant is 20 ppm, the optimal concentration of adsorbent is 0. 02 ppm, the optimal time is 120 min and the optimal pH is 3. and finally, we investigate the removal efficiency of phenol by the thin layer from nanoparticles of titanium dioxide sensitized with natural pigments in optimal conditions. These filters can remove other organic compounds such as hydrazine, Carbon Tetrachloride.

Background and aim: The clinical management of verrucae vulgaris is often challenging and no treatment is always effective. Early studies have suggested that pulsed-DYE laser (PDL) may be highly effective in the treatment of verrucae through obliteration of dilated vessels in papillary dermis. The objective of this study was to compare safety and efficacy of585 nm with 595 nm PDL in the treatment of warts.Materials and methods: The randomized controlled trial was done on forty patients with warts referred to Razi Hospital in Tehran. Almost symmetrically distributed warts were randomized to receive PDL 585 nm or 595 nm on their left or right side and a similar lesion with respect to size, thickness and location was not treated as control. Each patient was treated in three sessions at three- week intervals. Warts were individually examined at the time of each treatment session and their size and adverse effects of treatment recorded. Complete response was defined as complete disappearance of lesions.Results: Thirty-six patients completed the trial. The mean size of the lesions before the treatment were 19.7±13.2 mm2 in PDL 585 nm group and 21.7±15.4 mm2 in PDL 595 nm group. After the last treatment the mean reduction in size of warts were 18.1±12.3 mm2 and 18.1±11.2 mm2 and the lesions cleared in 27 (75%) and 25 (69%) patients in PDL 585 nm and PDL595 nm groups, respectively (P value =0.83). Variable degrees of purpura and pain were observed in all patients which was classified as severe in l5 and 16 cases in PDL 585 nm group and 19 and 18 cases in PDL 595 nm group, respectively (P=0.8).Conclusion: The PDL is an effective treatment for verrucae vulgaris and there are no statistically significant differences between 585 nm and 595 nm with respect of their efficacy and adverse effects.

In the present study, the effects of morphine SENSITIZATION on morphine-induced impairment of memory formation and the state-dependent retrieval of a passive avoidance task learned under morphine influence have been investigated in mice. Pre-training administration of morphine (0.5, 2.5 and 5 mg/kg) dose dependently suppressed the learning of one-trial passive avoidance task. Pre-test administration of morphine (0.5, 2.5 and 5 mg/kg) induced state-dependent retrieval of the memory acquired under pre-training morphine influence which these effects of morphine is named state-dependent learning. The inhibitory effect of morphine (5 mg/kg) on memory formation was significantly antagonized by pretreatment administration of naloxone (0.025, 0.5 and 1 mg/kg) before the pre-training morphine. The pre-test administration of naloxone dose dependently inhibited the restoration induced by morphine (5 mg/kg). Amnesia induced by pre-training morphine significantly inhibited in morphine-sensitized mice, which had previously received once daily injections of morphine (20 and 30 mg/kg, s.c.) for 3 days. Morphine SENSITIZATION did not affect on morphine state-dependent memory of passive avoidance. The inhibition of morphine-induced amnesia in morphine-sensitized mice suppressed by once daily injections of naloxone (0.5, 1 and 2 mg/kg) 30 min prior to s.c. injection of morphine (20 mg/kg/day for 3 days). These results suggest that morphine SENSITIZATION affect the impairment of memory formation, but not the facilitation of retrieval induced by morphine.